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Show 58 M, 2, 'of‘COMMoN-WE ALTH. Clldeg, em 2. of COMMON-WE AL TH. quayJJS. conferred on him, that by terror thereof, he is inabled to performc the wills of them all, to Peace at home, and mutuall ayd againft their are bound, every man to every man, to Own, and be reputed Author enemies abroad. And in him coniifieth the Eifence of the Common- of all, that he that already is their Soveraigne, {hall do, and judge fit: The Duh-'35- wealth 5 which (to define it,) is One Pee/(In, of W/Joff Act: a great to be done : fo that any one man diffentmg, all the refh fliould break theirCovenant made to that man, which is injufiice : and they have "Wf *1 0"" Multitude, l7} minim/l Covenant: me will; (mother, have made them"Ma-wealth Mm,- gruery 0776 the Ant/Jar, to the end be me ufe .tlJe ,[lrmgt/y and aifo every man given the Soveraionty to him that beareth their Per- anew: of {/1071 411,45 beflm/l t/Jin/t expedient, or their Peace and Cam- fon -, and therefore ifthey depofe him, they take from him that which mofl De. mee. is his own, and f0 again it is injuftice. Befides, if he that attempted: . _ ' And he that carryeth this Perfon, is called 50 v rim 1 on u , and to depofe his Soveraign, be killed, or punifhed by him for fiic~ at- La Sail/if}. faidto have Saveraigflc Panzer, and every one befides, his 5 u 3- tempt, he is author of his own puniihment, as being by the Initituti- comm"; )z'llfiJl. I E c '1‘. . The attaining to this Soveraigne Power, is by two wayes. One, by Naturall force: as when a man maketh his children' to fubmit themfelves, and their children to his government, as being able to deal-o}; them if they refufe -, or by Warre fubdueth his enemies to his Will, givingthem their lives on that condition. The Other, 18 when men agree amongf't themfelves, to fubmit to fome Man, or Affembly of men, voluntarily, on confidence to be proteéted by him agamft all others. This later, may be called a Politicall Common-wealth, or Common-wealth by szlitution, and the former, a Common-wealth by AcqmfitimAnd firfi,l {hall fpeak ofa Common-wealth by Inflitllthi‘l . on, Author of all his Soveraign {hall do : And becauie it is mjuflice for a man to do any thing, for which he may be puniflied by his own authority, he is alfo upon that title, unjui't. _And whereas fome men have pretended for their difobedience to their S‘ovei‘aign, a new Co- venant, made, not with men, but with God; this alfo is unjuft : for there is no Covenant with God, but by mediation of fome body that re irefenteth Gods Perfon -, which none doth but Gods Lieutenant, who hath the Soveraignty under God. But this pretence of Covenant with God, is fo evidenta lye, even in the pretenders own confciences, that it is not onely an act of an unjuft, but alfo of a vile, and unmanly difpofition. Secondly, Becaufe the Right of bearing the Perfon of them all, is LSwerm‘gne given to him they make Soveraigne, by Covenant onely of one to Tower mn- another, and not of him to any of them 3 there can hap en no breach nar be forfei: C H A P. XVIII. Ofthc RIGHTS ofSutieraigne: by Iafiitutz‘un. The ‘25? of ln/iimig Common-wealth is faid to be fig/firmed, when a Multitude of t! ( Emma/:- that to whatfoever Memor Amman ofMmfliall be given by wm/r/J, w/mr. men do Agree, and Coven/mt, every one, with every one, ' the major part, the Right to Prefent the Perfon of them all, (that is to fay,to be their Riprejeiztative; ) every one, as well he that Votedfar it, as he that Vote again/i it, ihall Aux/yorzfe all the Aéfions and judgements,of that Man,or Affembly ofmen, in the fame man- ner, as if they were his own,to the end to live peaceably among fl of Covenant on the part of the Soveraigne; and con equently none of his Subjects, by any pretence of forfeiture, can be freed from his Subjeciion. That he which is made Soveraigne maketh no Covenant with his Sub'yeéts before-hand, is manifefigbecaufe either he mufl: make it with the whole multitude, as one party to the Covenant 5 or he mull make a feverall Covenant with every man. With the whole, as one party, it is impoifible ,becaufe as yet they are not one Perfon: andifhc make fo many feverall Covenants as there be men, thofe C0vcnants after he hath the Soveraignt are voyd, becaufe what act toever can be pretended by any one 0 them for breach thereof, is the aft both of himfelfe, and of all the red, becaufe done in thc l'erfon, and by the Rinht ofcvery one ofthem in particular. Befides, themfelves, and be proteé‘ted againfl other men. From this Infiitution of a Common-wealth are derive qyrt'nre'l to ml.» mhmnights, and Facultyw of him,orthem, on whom Sovera d all the igne Power Em m; is conferred bythe confent of the People afl'embled. L711", 5", made by the Soveraigne at his Iniiitution , and others, or one other of his saint-us, or himfelfe alone, pretend there was no fuch breach, there to any other, in any his permiilion. And therefore, they that thing whatlbeverf without are fubjects to a Monarch, cannot withou they lljti in the lnflitution, It is therefore in vain to grant Soveraign-13' by my of precedent Covenant. The opinion that any Monarch ICCL‘chtii his Power by Covenant, that is to fay on Condition, proceedeth from wantof underfiandingthis eafie truth, that Covenants bunt; but words, and breath, have no force to oblige, contain, con- itrarn, or protect any man, but what it has from the publique Sword; that is, from the untyed hands of that Man, or Ailcmbly of men The (‘0: fr. . Firfl, becauie they Covenant, itis to be underi tood, they are not "it, mm obliged by former Covenant to any thing repugnant hereunto. And may n": Conicquently they that have alread 2:23;:er beingthereby bound by Covenant, y Inihtuted a Common-wealth to own - ments ofone, cannot lawfully make a new the Actions, and judge- Covenant, amonofl themfelves, to be obedient t his leave cafi offMonarchy, and return to the confufi311119? difiinited Multiitude -, nor transferre their Perfon from him . .aret 11t,toanot.ier Man, or other Affembly of men : for they :iif? if any one, or more ofp them, pretend a breach of the Covenant is in this cafe, nojudge to decide the contr0verfie: it returns there- fore to the Sword again; and every man recovereth the right of Protecting himfelfe by his own ftrength, contrary to the defigne $3114!de Sovcraignty, and whofe aetions are avouched by them all. red. |