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Show ofCOMMoN-WEAL TH. Claapdg be Counfelledx by the benefit, or hurt that may aril‘e to him that is to he P1'Op0unflclll;f0 on acti the of nces needlary. or probable confeque Counfellours be deinept and apt, een betw s rence may alto he diffe Memory or the cop- but being , fired from the fame. For Experience 434 M"; - yiiie fequences Of like aftions formerly obferved, and Counleil‘pute V tr:i er if Speech whereby that experience is made known‘to anoth Llano}, aln Vet the With fame the are l, ounfel C of tries,_anerefects lth, its n-wea Commo a of Defefis Intelleftuall: And to the Perfon ii DirMenta and ry, Memo of place ,Comilelloiii's ferve‘him in the to a naltn, n-wea Commo the of e blanc refem this courfe. ‘But with importance 5 turalhman there is one diffimflitude joyned, of great the nettifrom ence, experi his which is, t rat a naturall man receiveth or inte- art 2'2 OfCOMMoN-WE/ILTH. Cbapas. butCVery one of the particulars requires the age, and obl'ervation Of a man in years, and of more than prdinai‘y .fiudy. The wrt requtred for Counttlars I have faid before(LhaP-8'l l5 judgemen:._And the difl'fi‘ re nces of men in that point come from different education,of fome to one kind Offiudyaorlbufinefi‘eflnd of others to another.When for the doing of any thing, there be Infallible rules,(as in Engines, and Edificcs, the rules of Geometry, ) all the experience of the world cannot equall his C,ounfell,that has learnt, or found out the Rule.And when there is no fuch Rule, he that hath molt experiencein that particular kind ofbufinefle, has therein the belt Judgement, and is the bell: . ' r Counfellour. Fourthly, to be able to give Counfell to aCommon-wealth, in n91 rall objects of fenie, which work upon him Without Pli1‘10 Repieienme to ll‘ Counie give that they as where , own left of their their pitch have and have, may tative perfon of a Common-wealth, ruftyes aiw meme Coritheir der t‘ren nsaha particular ends, and paflio down abufinefle that hath-reference to another Common-wealth, It is nece/fizry to he acquainted with the Intellzgemer, and Letters that Secondly, Becaufe the office of a Counfellour, when an ‘a6tioi1 better Counfelled by hearing them apart, then in an Aflembly; and z' pe fied, and many times unfaithfull. And therefore we mayie I21r,'a.-,ia' Ea [as 7In; lour, for the firft condition of'a good C ounfel CalmlJc lum. of ‘l Izzzcrej and End: the tore/l, 6c notimoaflfl'em with . . .7 »".- ' . . f [cl/CM. come from thence, and wit/2 all tharecordx of Treatier, and fiber mmfic'hgm a State between them; which none can doe, but fuch as the Repre entative {hall think fit. By which we may fee, that the who are not called to Counfcll, can have no gOOd Counfell in fuel; ' . . . . cafestoobtrude. Fifthly, Suppofing the number of,Counfellors equall, a man is comes into deliberation, is to make manifef't the confeque nces or it, in fuch manner, as he that is Counfelledmay be'truly and evidently that for many caules. Firfl: , in hearing them apart, you have the advice of every man», but in an Afleinbly many of them deliver informed -, he ought to propound his'advife, in {ucn Orme of fpeecli, as may make the truth mof't evidently appear 3 that 15 to fay, With as firme ratiocination, as fignificant and proper langua e, and as brief1y, as the evidence will permit. And therefore "(a and uaeyzdmt their adviie with I, or No, or with their hands, or feet, not moved Iafi'remtr, (fuch as are fetched oner from Examp es,or authority ot name!- Books, and are not arguments of what is good, or evill, butExprfj ir. fes of fact or of opinion) objcure, confufed, and ambigamr canal/0 all metaphorical! Speecber,tendmg to theflzrriizg up ofl'aflmh (becaufe iiich reaioning, and {uch expreflions, are ufefull onely to deceive,,or to lead him we Counfell towards other ends than his own) are repugnant to tlre Office Ufa Coma/allow. T hirdly, Becaufe the Abilit of Counfelling proceedeth from by their own (cure, but bythe eloquence of another, or for feare of diipleaiing fome that have fpoken, or the whole Aifembly, by conti'adieiion301'loi' feare of appearing duller in apprehenfion, than thoie that have applauded the contrary opinion. Secondly, in an Afl‘emb‘iy ofmany, there cannot choofe but be fome whole inte- tellsare contrary to that of the Publique ,and thefe their Interefis make pallionate, and l'alfion eloquent, and‘Eloquence drawes others into i re fame advice . For the Pallions of men , which afunder are moderate, asrhe heat of one brand; in Affembly are like many brands,thatcmlame one anorher, (cl-pecially when they blow one another with ()rations) to the letting of the Common-wealth on Expci‘ience,andlong fiudy -, an noman is prefumed to have exp:- hie. under pi‘cttnt‘c of (Touni‘elling it. Thirdly, in hearing every ricnce in all thoi‘e things that to the Adminifiration of a great Coni- lllOflWVC‘Jltlldl‘C neceflary to be known, No mm (5 pre/mmd to lie .1 good (.‘oszellaur, [gut in jar/J Refine/fl, a: be lull) not Mely bee/z will) err/calm, but lair/r alfu mar/J mediated on, and coafidtred. For feeing the buiinefle ofa Common-wealth isthis, to preferve the people in man apart, one may examine (when there is need) the truth, or pro- Peace at home, and de fend them againfl forraign Invafion, we Inill . ).Illr.'tl otthe courie he ought to take, Befides, there cannot be an Ail; nbly or many, called together for advice, wherein there be not find, it requires great knowledge of the difpofition of Man-kinth of the Rights of Government, and of the nature of Equity, Law, JU‘ Rice, and Honour, not to be attained without {tudy -, And of the S‘W‘gth, Commodities, Places, both of their Own Country, anti {hm Neighbours -, as alto of the inclinations, and delignes ofall \J‘ trons that may anyway annoy them. And this is not attained to, will" out inuchexperience. Ofwhichthings, not onely the whole (Lanna, bability or hisreatons, and of the grounds of the advife he gives, lg. frequent interruptions, and objections; which cannot be done in ,(‘l IAileiub‘iy, where-(in every diili'cult quefiion) a man is rather illonittl anddazled withthe variety of difcourl‘e upon it, than in- lame, Ili;tl1;‘i‘.';‘ the ambition to be thought eloquent, and alto learn netiin the l'ollil'1LlC§', and give iiottheir advice with care of the buizntile propountied, but ot‘the :ipplaiile of their motly orations, lilitik ot the divers colored threds, or lhreds of Authors; which is :fllliilf‘lcr'ill‘it'll-CC :1tlt‘.tfl,tli;tt takes away the time of fei'ious Con‘ ;.,_t,.::on, and in the here: way of Coatnfelling apart, is enfily a.,l 0..» l't'hti» 135 |