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Show Mtg; OfCOMMON-WE ALTH. Cbapr sz. troubles, have-need ofCur/loder libertatirg that is of Dictators , or Proreetors of their Aut ioritie; which are as much as Temporary Monarchs; to whom for a time, they may commit the entire exer- ‘ cife of their Power5and have( at the end ofthat time)been oftner dc. 7. prived thereof, than Infant Kings, by their Protectors, Regents, or any other Tutors . Though the Kinds of SOVeraigntie be, asI have now ibewn, but ‘ three, that is to fay, Monarchie, whereOne Man has it; or Demo. cracie, where the generallAffembly of Subjects hath it 3 or Ariflo. cracie, where it is in an Affembly of certain erfons nominated, or o. therwife diitinguiflied from the rei't: Yet he t at {hall confider the par- , ticular Common-wealthds that have been, and are in the world, wrll ‘ not erha s eafily reduce them to three, and may thereby be inclined to think t ere be other Formes, arifing from their: mingled together, As for example, Eleétive Kingdomes; where Kings have the Soveraigne Power put into their hands for a time, or Kingdomes, wherein the King hath a power limited : which Governments, are nevertheles by molt Writers called Monarchie . Likewrfe ifa Popular, or Arifiocraticall Common-wealth, fubdue an Enemies Countrie, and govern the fame, by a Prefident, Procurator, or other Magiflrate 5this may feeme perhaps at firfl: fight , to be a Democraticall , or Ariitocratical Government.But it is not fo.For Elective Kings,are not Soveraignts but Minii'ters of the 50veraigne; not limited Kings Soveraigne , Miniiters of them that have the Soveraigne Power: Nor s, but are thofe Provinces which are in fubjeétion toa Democrac‘ie, or Ariflocracic of another Common-wealth , Democratically , or Atiftocratically governed, but Monarchically . And firft, concerning an Elective King, whofe power is limited to his life, as it is in many places of Chriitendome at this day; or to certaine Yeares or Moneths, as the Dictators power amonoft the R0mans; If he have Right to appoint his Succeffor, he is n8 more Eleétive but Hereditary . But ifhe have no Power to eleé't his Succeilot) then there is fome other Man , or Ailembly known, which after his deceafe ma eleé‘ta new, or elfe the Common-w ealth dieth, and diffolveth with him, and returneth to the condition of Warre . If it be known who have the power to give the it is known alfo that t ie Soveraigntie Soveraigntie after his death, have right to give that which the havewas in them before: For none me right to poii'efi‘e , and keep to themfelves, it they thin}? 00d . But ifthere be none that can give the Soveraigntie, after the dece afe of him that was firfi e- lected-,then has he power, nay he is obli ged by the Law of Naturcrto prowde, by eflablifliing his Succeifo iim With 'the Government, fro r, to keep thofe that had truflcd m relapiing into the miferable cond tion of CiVill warre. And confeque ntly he wasnvhen eleéted a Savei‘. raign abfolute , 2 _Secondly , that King whofe power is limited , is not fuperiour to him, or them that have the pow rliour, 15 not fupi‘eme,_tliatis er to limit it; and he that is not {uptt ierefore was alwaies in that to fay nor Soveraign. The Soveraivnty Aiiembly which had the Right tobLif ml! 0f COMMON-WEALTH. CbapJg. mit him ; and by confequence the government not Monarchy, but either Democracy, or AriitocraCy; as of old time in Sparta; where the Kinos had a priviledge to lead their Armies 5 but the Soveraignty 7 was in t e prari. 'i'hirdly, whereas heretofore the Roman People, governed the land of faded (for example) by a Prefident; yet was not 3324/" therefore a Democracy -, becaufe they were not governed by any Af- fembly, into the which, any ofthem, had right to enter; nor by an Ariitocracy ; becaufe they were not governed by any Afiémbly, into which, any man could enter by their Election : but they were governed by one Perfon, which though as to the people of Rome was an Aileinbly of the people, or Democracy;th as to peOple of 55nd", which had no right at all of partiCipating in the government, was a Monarch. For though where the people are governed by an Afiem- bly, chofen by themlelves out of their own number, the government is called a D=.mocracy, or Arifl'ocraCy -, yet when they are governed ' by an Affembly, not of their own chooiing, 'tis aMonarchy; not of One man, over'another man; but of one people, over anorher people. Of all there Formes of Government, the matter being mortall, fo oft/7e R7136: that not onely Monarchs, but alfo whole Aflemblies dy, it is neceiTa- ‘fSW‘W/fww. rv For the confer-vation of the eace ofmen,that as there was order liken For an Artificial] Man, r?) there be order alfo taken, for Ar- ziric-all Eternity of life ; without whichrmen that are goveran ned by «Ii Aifeu biynhould return into the condition of Warre in . .m‘ mey that are governed by One man, aiToon as their every age; Governour inch. This Artificiall Eternity, is that which men call the Right of i' wee/370;). [here is no perfec't forme of Government, where the difpofing 'the Succeflion is notin the preiEnt Soveraign. For if it be in an 'irr particular Man, or private Afiembly, it is in a palm fubjec‘ t, .d miy be alliimed by the Soveraign at his plealure; and confe- nientiy the Right is in hiinfelfe. And if it be in no partic ular man, but lefttoa new chriyce -, then is the COminon-wealth diiiolvcd; and the Right is in him that can get it 3 contrary to the intention of them that did Iniiitute the Common-wealth, for their pei‘petuall, and not temporary iccurity, lna Democracy, the whole Afi'embly cannot Faile, unleil'e the Multitude that are to be governed fiiile. And therefore quelii ons of the right of Succeihon, have in that forme of Government no place at all. In an Ai'iflOCraCy, when any of the Afl'embly dyeth, of another into his room belongeth to the Aiiembly, the election as the SoveI11g", to whom belongeth the chooiing ofail Counfellou C€_I‘S. Eortharwhichthe Repreitntative doth, as Actor,rsmnd Ollievery one or the Subjeéts doth, as Author. And though the Sovera ign Ailem- biy, may give Power to others, to cleft new men, for fuppiy of their JOurt -, yet it is {till by their Authority, that the Eleétion is made; and by the fame it may(when the publique {ball require itjbe recalleld . T it: 0 |