OCR Text |
Show 94-. Saumijgue Part2}- OfCOMMoN-WEAL 717.? CbapJg. . But a manamay here objeét, that the Condition of Subjects is very PM" W I5 miferable -, as being obnoxious to the lufts, and otlier'irregular path- b'mf'dl 4‘ Otis of him or them that have (0 unlimited a Power in that hands. V" "Mari" And comni'only'they that live under a Monarch, think it the fault of "rd if; it" Monarchy ; and they that live under the government of DemocraCy, f;5:2:5:zffl or other Soveraign AiTembly, attribute all the inconvenience to that parzfrom "m forme of_ Common-wealth 5 whereas the Power in all fotmesr if fl‘5"2im'-'g they be perfect enough to proteét them, is the fame , not confidering maria '0 ‘1 that the eitate of Man can never be without fome incommodity or 14‘7" Other, and that the greateit, that in any form: of Government can poflibly ha pen to the people in genei‘all, is {carce fenfible, in refpeét of the mi cries, and horrible calamities, that accompany a ClVlll Warre ,or that dilTolute condition ofmaiterleil‘e men, Without {ubjefiion to Lawes, and a coercive Power to tye their lands from ra' pine, and revenge inor confidering that the greateit preffui‘e of So' veraign Governours, proceedeth not from any delight,.or profit they can expect in the dammage, or weakening of their Subjectsnn. whofc vigor, 'confifteth their own {trength and glory 5 but in the rei'tivenefs of themfelves, that unwillingly contributing to their own defence, make it necefl'ary for their Governours to draw from them what they can in time of Peace, that the may have means on any emergent oc~ cation, or fudden need, to rehit, or take advantage on their Enemies. For allmen areb nature rovided of notable multi lying glaflts, (that is their Pa ions and elfe-love,) through whic , every little payment appeareth a great grievance -, but are deflitute of thofe fpeétive glaffes, (namely Morall and Civill Science,) to fee proa farte ofi'the miferies that hang overthem, and cannot without fuch payj ants be avoyded. Part 2‘; of C 0 M Ma N-WE'A L 711'; ("12259.11 95 There be Other names of Government, in the Hif'tories, booksof PoliCy;as Tyranny, and oligarch): Bur they are not and - army and the Ul'zjtpzrcéy, , , < ' names of other Form es of Government, but of ' , ,I' ,the lame Forme s 5"" "'ff‘m‘ mifliked. For they that are difcontentedunder'Momrc/jy,cal of "may a and they that are difpleafcd with flriflocracy, called l it Ty- "W" MMarc/a], it Oligar - my Awfl,‘ day: So alfo, they which find themfelves grieved under a Democracy, "My. call it Andre/7y, ( which fignihes want 0 Gover nmenn) and yet I think no man believes, that want of Government, is any new kind of Government: nor by the fame reafon ought they to believe, that the Governmentis of one kind, when they like it, and anoth er, when they mi‘flikc it, 'or are oppreflEd by the Governours. . ' Itis manifeft, that men who are in abfolme liberty, may, if they Samara", pleafe, give Authority to One man, to reprefent them every one ; as R‘Pr‘fm"? well as give fuch Authority to any Alfembiy of men oever; "W 44".?" and conl'eqtientl may fubjeé't themfelves, if they thinkWhatf good, to a rm' Monarch, as ab olutely, as to any other Reprefentative. where there is already ereé‘ted a Soveraign Power, there Therefore, can be no other Reprefentative of the fame people, but onely to certai cular ends, by the Soveraign limited. For that were to eretft n partitwo 80veraigns ; and every man to have his perfon re‘prefented by two Actors, that by oppofing one another,mufl: needs ivide that Power, which ( if men will live in Peace )isindivifible , and thereby reduce the Multitude into the condition ofWarte, contrary to the end for which all Soveraignty is inflituted. And therefore as it is abfurd , to think that a Soveraign Ailembly, inviting the People of their Dominion, to (end up their Deputies, with power to make known their Advife , or Defires, {hould therefore hold fiich Deputies, rather than themfelves, for the ablblute Reprefentative of the people : {0 C H AP. XIX. Ofthe fevemll Kind: of Common-wealth by Iafiit ution, and of Succcfrim to the Saveraz'gne 4301120. 77,, all-6,1,7", Farm, of Cumman- He difference of Common-wealths, confiiteth in the difference of the Soveraign, or the Perfon repre fentative of all and eVery one of the Multitude. And becaufe the Sove- raignty is either wm/zlii but in one Man , or in an Afrembly of more tl-‘I'Nthan one , and into that Afiembly either Every man hath right to en" ter,or not every one,but Certain men difiinguifli manifefl, there can be but Three kinds of Comm ed from the ref}, it is on-wealth. For the Reprefentarive muft needs be One man, or More : and if more, then it isthe Afl'embly of All,or but of a Part .When the Reprefentative is One man, then is the Common-wealt h a M o NARC H Y : when an Aiiembly Of All that Will come toget or P0pu ar Common-wealth:when anher,then it is a DP. M oc R A c r, Afl"embly ofa Part onely then itis called an AR] 5 r o c R Ac Y. there can be none : for either One,Other kind of Common-wealth or More, or All, muit have the .iovei'aign Powe r ( which I have fliewn to be indivifible ) entire. There it is abfurd alto, to think the fame in a Monarch . And I know not how this to manifel‘t a truth, iliould of late be 0 little obfer ved; that in a Monarchy, he that had the Sovereignty from a defcent of 600 years, ' was alone called Soveraign, had the title of Majefly from every one of his Subjects, and was unquefiionably taken by them for their King, was notwithitanding‘ never confidei‘ed as their Re ative ; that name without contradiaion puffing for the title 0 refent thofe men, which at his command were fent up by the people to their Petitions,and give him ( if he permitted it) their advifecarry . Which ma ferve as an admonition, for thole that are the true, and abfolu te Repreltntative of a People, to infiruct men in the nature of that Office, and to take heed how they admit of any other gen‘erall Repre on upon any occafion whatloever, if they mean to ditcharge fentatithe truft committed to them. The difference between thefe three kindes of Comm :onfil'teth not in the difference ofPower,b_ut in the differon-wealth ) Camps/1'10: ence ofConi of 11mm, venience,or Aptitude to produce the Peace, and Secur ity of the peo- clay, wit/.1 5aple ,i‘or which end tl ieywere initituted. And to compar e Monarchy if???" Af- '.\'1{lltl1C Other two, ive may obferve; Firfl, that wholoeuer beareth [‘m J" the Per fon of the people, oris one of that Aflembly that bears it, beareth alfo his own it attzrall Petibn. And thoug h he be carefull in his |