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Show 480 INDEX B BAKER, Mr. J. G., on rarity of spiny plants in Mauritius, .J32 Ball, Mr., on cause of ln.te appearance of exogen , 400 Barber, Mrs., on variable colouring of pupm of Papilio nireus, l 97 on proteciive colours of African snn-binls, 200 Barbs, 91 Barriers, illlportance of, in questions of distributiou, 341 Bates, Mr. lJ. W., on varieties of butterflies, 44 on ine<.libility of Helicouidro, 234 on a conspicuous caterpillar, 236 on mimicry, 240, 243, 249 Bathmism or growth-force, Cope on, 421 Be<.ldar<.l, Mr. F. E., variations of earth-worms, 67 on plumes of bird of paradise, 292 Beech trees, aggressive in Denmark, 21 Beetle and wasp (figs.), 259 Beetle, fossil in coal measures of Silesia, 404 Beginnings of important organs, 128 Belt, Mr., on leaf-like locu t, 203 on birds avoiding Heliconidro, 234 Belt's frog, 266 Birds, rate of increase of, 25 lww d stroye<.l, 26 variation among, 49 variation of markings of, 52 variation of wings and tails of, 53 diagram showing variation of tar ·us and toes, 60 use of structural peculiarities of, 135 eggs, coloration of, 212 recognition marks of, 222 and butterflie:, white in tropical islands, 230 sometimes seize inedible butterflies, 255 mimicry among, 263 Birds, sexual coloration of, 275 cause of dull colour of female, 277 choice of female JIOt known to be determined by colour, etc., 285 decorative plumage of, 285 antics of nnornamcntetl, 287 which fertili ·e flowers, 319 colours of, not dependent on the colours of ftowers, 336 no proof of resthetic tastes iu, 336 dispersal of, 355 and iusects at sea, 357 of oceauic islands, 358 carrying ·eeds on their feet, 361 ancestral forms of, 407 Birthplace, probable, of man, 459 Bombyx regia, protective form of larva of, 210 Boyd Dawkin , on development of deer's horns, 3 9 on origin of man, 456 Brady, Mr. George, on protective colouring of star-fishes, 209 Brain development, progres ·ive, 390 Brains of man and apes, 452 Branner, Mr. J. C., on ·uppose<l proofs of glaciatiou iu Brazil, 370 Brazil, supposed proof of glaciation in, 370 Brewer, Professor w. II., Oll want or symmetry in colours of animals, 217 Bromelin., animals inhabiting leaves of, 118 Bronn, Profe . or, on suppo~ tl useless ness of variations of ears and tails, 136 Butler, Mr. A. G., on in edibi lit~' of conspicuou · caterpillars, ~3 7 Butterflies, varietie · of, 44 small, of I sle of Mau, 106 special protective colour ing oJ; 206 recognition by, 226 iucdil ility of ::;ome, 2:1 1 mimicry among, 240, ~ 19 colour development of, 27 4 sexual coloration of, 271 INDEX 481 c CAOJ>lt~·FLY larvro i11habiting bromelin. h•aves, 118 Calloph is, harm less lllilll ick iug poisouous SJll'<·ies, 2U2 C:tudolle, Alp. de, on variation in oaks, 77 on ral'ia!Jility of Papaver lmt<'f <·:l lllln, 79 C:trdinalis virgin ia nns, diagram showing proportionate nmuhcrs wh i<· lt vaq, 65 ; variations of, f.i8 Carpenter, J)r. W. B., on variation in the Foraminifera, 43 Carrier~:;, 9L Uaterpillar~, resemblance of, to their fool plants, 203-205 in edibl e, 2:36 Cattle, how they prevent the growth of trees, 18 increase of, in St. Domingo, Mexi ·o, atHl tl1e pmupns, 27 Ceylon, spread of Lantana mixta in, 29 Chaffinch, cbangc of ltabit of, iu New Zealand, 76 Cham lJers, Hobert, on origin of species, 3 Chance rarely determines survival, 123 Change of condition.·, utility of, 32U Characters, non-adaptive, 131 transferred from useless to useful cl nss, l 32 Charaxes psaphou persecuted by a hird, 235 Chile, mtnterous red tubular flowers · in, 320 Chimpanzee, figure of, 454 Clark, Mr. Ellwiu, on cause of absence of forests ou the pampas, 23 on the struggle for lHe in the South Amel'icau valleys, 2-1. Cleistogamous flow er s, 322 Close interbreeding, supposed (' vii results of, 326 Clover, white, spread of, ill New Zealand, 28 Co-adaptation of part:> by variation, no real diffi culty, 418 Cobra, use of hood of, 262 Coccinella mimicked by grasshopper, (figure), 2UO Collingwood, .Mr., on bntterflies recognising th eir kind, 226 Coloration, alluring, 210 of hinls' eggR, 212 a theory or animal, 288 Colour correlated witl1 sterility, 169 correlated with constitutional peculiaritic!l, 170 2 I iu nature, the problem to be solved, 188 constancy, iu animals iiHlicates utility, 1 9 and environnt ent, J 90 general theories of animal, 193 animal, supposetl eanses of, 193 obscnre, of many tropical ani-mals, 194 produce<l hy >mrromHling ob-j ects, 195 atlaptations, locnl, ] 99 for r ecog nition, 217 of willl nnitnals not qnite symmetrical, 217 ( uotl•) as influ en<·c<l l•y locality or climate, 2'28 development in butterflies, 274 more \'ar ia hl • than habib;, 27 anti nerve dilstrihulion, 2fl0 and tegumentary appendages, 291 of flowers, 308 chaugcof, in Jlowers wht'n f·rtilised, 317 in nature, oncltu ling re1nark11 on, 290, 3:33 of fruits, ;l04 of Bowers growing together l:Oll · trasted, :lJ Complexity of Bowers <lne to alternate adaptation to insect a1ul selffertili:; ation, 32 Composite, a, wi<l ely dispersed with - out pappus, 367 Confinement, afl'ecting fertility, 15,1 Cont in ental and ocemt ic areas, 346 Contiucnts an<l oceans cannot ha ve clmnged places, 3,15 po::;sible connections between, 349 Continuity <loes not prove identity of origin, 463 |
