OCR Text |
Show 486 INDEX Horse tribe, pedigree of, 384 ancestral forms of, 386 Humming-birus, recognition marks of, 226 Ruth, Mr., on close interbreeding, 160 Huxley, Professor on the struggle for existence, 37 on fossil crocodiles, 383 on anatomical peculiarities of the horse tribe, 384 on development of vertebrates, 448 on early man, 456 on brains of man and the gorilla, 457 Hybridity, remarks on facts of, 166 summary on, 184 Hybrids, infertility of, suppo ed test of distinct species, 152 fertility of, 159 fertile among animals, 162 between sheep and goat, 162 fertile between distinct species of moths, 163 fertile among plants, 163 Hymenopus bicornis, resembling flower, 212 I ICTERUS Baltimore, diagram showing proportionate numbers which vary, 63 Imitative resemblances, how produced, 205 Increase of organisms in a geometrieal ratio, 25 Inedible fruits rarely coloured, 308 Insect and self-fertilisation, nlternation of, in flowers, 328 Insect-fertilisation, facts relating to, 316 Insects, coloured for recognition, 226 warning colours of, 233 sexual coloration of, 269 importance of dull colours to female, 272 visiting one kind of flower nt a time, 318 and flowers, the most brilliant not found together, 335 Insects, no proof of love of colour by, 336 and birds at sea, 357 in mid-ocean, 359 at great altitudes, 360 geological distribution of, 403 ancestral in Silurian, 405 fossil support evolution, 405 Instability of useless characters, 138 Instinct, the theory of, 441 Insular organisms illustrate powers o{ dispersal, 354 Interbreeding, close, injurious efl'ects of, 160 supposed evil results of clo. e, 326 Intercrossiug, swamping effects of, 142 not necessarily useful, 325 Intermediate forms, why not found, 380 Islands, all oceanic are vol canic or coralline, 342 Isle of Man, small butterflies of, 106 Isolation, the importance af, 119 to prevent intercrossing, 144 by variations of habits, etc., 145 Rev. J. G. Gulick on, 147 when ineffective, 150 Ituna Ilione and Thyridia megisto, figures of wing · of, 251 J JACOBIN, 93 J enyns, Rev. L., on internal variations of mammalia, 69 Jordan, Mon;;. A., on varieties of Draba verna, 77 Judd, Professor, on dust fallen at Genoa, 363 on Hungarian fossil lacustrine shells, 381 K KERGUELEN Island, wingless inseds of, 106 Kerivoula picta, protective colour nf, 201 INDEX 487 Kerner, Professor, on use of external charaeters of plants, 133 . on seeds found on glaciers, 366 Kmgfishers illustrating divergence of character, 109 L LACERTA muralis, diagram of varia-tion of, 47 Lagopus scoticus, origin of, 107 Lamarck, on origin of species, 3 Laud debris depositerl near coasts, 343 and ocean, diagram showing comparative height and depth of, 345 Large animals, cause of extinction of, 394 Larvoo of moths, variability of, 46 Laughers, Frill-backs, Nuns, Spots, and Swallows, 93 Law of r elation of colour and nest, 278, 279 Laws of animal coloration, 296 Lawson Tait, on uses of tails, 136 Leaf-butterfiies, 207 Leguminosre, rare in oceanic islands, 368 Lemuria, an unsound hypothesis, 354 Lepidoptera, variation of, 44 Leyden Mu eum, diagram showing variability of birds in, 61 Life, Weismann on duration of, 437 (note) Limenitis misippus mimics Danais archippus, 248 ursula. mimics Papilio philenor, 248 Linnreus, on rapid increase of the fl esh-fly, 25 Livingstone, hi · sen ·ntious when seized by a lion, 38 Lizards, variation among, 4 6 diagram of variation of, 48 sexual colours of, 281 Local colom adaptations, 199 Locusts with warning colours inedible, 267 Longicoms mimic Malacoderms, 257 Low, Mr., on effects of close interbreeding, 160 Low, Mr., on fertile crosses between sheep and goat, 162 011 seledive association, 172 Low forms of life, continued existence of, explained, 114 forms, persistence of, 121 temperature of tropics not needed to explain plant dispersal, 370 Lower types, extinction of, among the Jligher animals, 114 Lubbock, Sir John, on forms of leaves, 133 on imper fect counting of early man, 464 Lyell, Sir Charles, on variation of species, 4 on the shifting of continent., 342 M MADAGA. CAR and New Zealand, 347 Madeira, wingless h etles of, 105 Maize, origin of, 9 Male rivalry , a real cause of selec tion, 283 Males of many animals fight: together, 282 Maim, on eyes of flatfish, 129 Mammalia, variation of, 65 , exual colours of, 281, 2 2 afford crucial tests of theories of eli tril ution, 353 early form of, 407 geological distrilmtion of, 408 Mammary glands, snppo eel origin of, 129 Man, unnnary of animal characteristics of, 'lfi4 geological antiquity of, 455 early remain· of, in California, 456 probably as olcl as the Mioceue, 457 probahle birthi'lace of, 459 origin of moral and intellectual natme of, 461 possesses lllental qualities not <lerive.l exclusively from his auimal progenitors, 474 |