OCR Text |
Show Utes which may be found in this area in identical locations is the Utah serviceberry, Amelanchier utahensis ( Fowler 1986: 78). It is likely that both varieties of serviceberry are utilized by the Northern Utes at present. ECOTONE ( 1995: A- 1, A- 4, A- 8, A- 12, A- 16, A- 20, A- 22) lists these two varieties as found on the Uintah- Ouray Reservation ( the utahensis variety in sagebrush and grassland cover areas only, page A- 16). Locations for these berry bushes on and near the Uintah- Ouray Reservation are identified in Whiterocks and Uinta canyons ( 1.2; 2.1; 3.1). A choice location is noted both along the Yellowstone Feeder Canal in the vicinity of Coyote Basin Pond and also in Cottonwood Creek Canyon ( 1.2; 4.2); this is confirmed by a local non- Indian, living along the road north of Monarch, who reports that sizable numbers of Utes travel to this area every year to pick serviceberries. Ute Food Uses: Ethnographic sources regularly indicate that the Northern Utes used the berries of the serviceberry bush for food, eaten in season and dried for storage ( Chamberlin 1909a: 32; Lyman and Denver 1970: 86; Smith 1974a: 270; Janetski 1983: 65- 6; Callaway et al. 1986: 338; Fowler 1986: 72; Pettit 1990: 27). M. Harris ( Oral History, American West Center, 1969) also described the use of serviceberries for food as did various Ute consultants ( 1.1; 1.4; 2.1; 3.1; 4.1). Other Uses by Utes: The serviceberry bush was another source of wood for bows and arrows ( Smith 1974a: 108). Uses by Neighboring Great Basin Populations: The Gosiutes also used the serviceberry for food, and the bush provided them with materials for arrows and framework for cradles and baskets ( Chamberlin 1911: 361). According to Train et al. ( 1974: 33), the green inner bark is boiled with sugar for snow blindness by some Shoshones of Nevada. Stoffle et al. ( 1990: 425- 6) list the Utah serviceberry as high on their ranking of plant importance by the Paiutes and Shoshones of southern Nevada. A, 1.8 Skunkbush.. . Sum. a. c,... Squawberry.,... S. quawbush ( Rhus trilobata, Anacardiaceae): Ute name: " eish" ( according to 1.4) or / wisi/ ( according to Smith 1974a: 270). Wardle indicates that the name is " man wup"' for squawberries and " ece" for squawbush ( Wardle 1969: 13). Reported Locations: This shrub is found in the Uinta Basin, located along the flood plains of the Green and White rivers, in aspen, cotton wood, spruce, pine, and conifer communities, along rivers, bottom lands, and amongst shrubs such as willow, dogwood, and roses ( Goodrich and Neese 1986: 21). ECOTONE ( 1995: A- 1, A- 8, A- 12, A- 22) lists the sumac for the conifer, deciduous conifer, forest riparian, and palustrine shrub/ scrub shrub areas of the Uintah- Ouray Reservation. The berries of the sumac are red to orange and have small sticky hairs on them ( Goodrich and Neese 1986: 21). 40 |