OCR Text |
Show B,. 1.6.. Pronghorn>... Antelope ( Antilocapra americana, Antilocapridae): The Northern Ute word is / waci= ci/ ( Smith 1974a: 269), " wa che'ech" ( Wardle 1969: 18), or " wadjidjo" ( Stewart 1942: 352). Reported Locations: This animal was also important to the Utes in the past ( Stewart 1942: 241; Sloane 1950: 319; Garner and Hawley 1950: 325; Smith 1974: 46, 55; Fowler 1986: 79- 80; Callaway et al. 1986: 341), and it is still hunted today. Sparks ( 1981: 47) reports it is found on open prairies and sagebrush/ desert brush plains in Utah. Most of its primary and " choice" ranges, however, are located farther east outside the areas of impact. None of the consultants mentioned the antelope as a consideration for the locales under proposed impact. Ute Uses and Methods of Procurement: The antelope were stalked individually with a disguise, from a pit, or in brush beside a trail or spring ( Stewart 1942: 241). Smith ( 1974a: 56) also reported the use of a flashing mirror to attract antelope by individual hunters. They were also hunted by groups, being driven into a corral, and past hidden hunters ( Stewart 1942: 241; Smith 1974a: 55- 6; Pettit 1990: 38). Like the other large hoofed mammals, the meat, bone grease, and hide of the antelope were utilized by the Utes ( Smith 1974a: 46, 49, 77; Fowler 1986: 80). The dew claws were also used as wind chimes or as entrance alarms, like those of the deer ( Smith 1974a: 39). Use by Neighboring Populations in the Great Basin: Fowler ( 1986: 80) indicated that all Great Basin populations ( except the Panamint) depended heavily on this species. B. 2 Other Large Mammals Most other large game animals were taken for their pelts rather than as food, except for the bear which was considered a food delicacy at least until the 1950s ( Garner and Hawley 1950: 325). B. 2.1 Bear ( Ursus americanus ( black) or Ursus horribilis ( grizzly), Ursidae): The Northern Ute word is / kwia= ka= ti/ ( Smith 1974a: 269), " qwe aug'et" ( Wardle 1969: 18), or " kweront" or kwerat" ( Stewart 1942: 352). Reported Locations: Sparks ( 1981: 46) reports that the black bear can be found in Utah in mountain areas, including the northeastern section, but does not report grizzly bears for Utah. Black bears inhabit the high mountain meadows of the Uintas, and one consultant indicated that black bears could be found near areas around Chepeta Lake ( 4.4). Ute Uses and Methods of Procurement: Both Stewart ( 1942: 243) and Smith ( 1974a: 52) indicated that, though there is no taboo on killing bears, the Utes were fearful of the strength and fierceness of bears. Bears were 82 |