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Show B. Floral and Faunal Information All information on plants and animals reported to be used by the Ute and neighboring Great Basin tribes was cross- referenced with sources ( Sparks 1981; Goodrich and Neese 1986) on the location, distribution, and characteristics of flora and fauna in the Uinta Basin region. In addition, another cross- referencing was made with data on flora located within the boundaries of the Uintah- Ouray Reservation ( ECOTONE 1995). In the study of floral and faunal resources, all available ethnographic information on the Utes was compiled and compared with other material on indigenous uses in Utah and the Great Basin. In addition to general ethnographic sources, one important early ethnobotanical source on Paiute and Ute Indians includes the work of Ralph Chamberlin ( 1909a, 1909b, 1911). This study lists the names of plants used, the native terms for each plant and their specific use ( i. e. medicinal, food, dye), but it does not attempt to rank the plants in terms of their relative importance or the quantity used. In addition, there have been several recent ethnobotanical studies on neighboring Great Basin Indian populations. One of these involves the Yucca Mountain area of Nevada, an area considered by the U. S. government for its potential use as a nuclear waste repository. The Yucca mountain study, which is covered in two publications one by Richard Stoffle et al. ( 1990) and a second by Halmo et al. ( 1993), describes the significance of plants used by Great Basin Indian populations and attempts to determine their hierarchical ranking. Another important ethnobotanical study used here was " Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada" by Percy Train, James R. Heinrichs, and W. Andrew Archer ( 1974). And finally, Catherine Fowler's general overview article ( 1986) on Great Basin subsistence provides a comprehensive, comparative listing, and discussion of flora and fauna used by American Indian tribes in the Great Basin. Edward Palmer's " Plants used by the Indians of the U. S." ( 1878), H. D. Harrington's Western Edible Wild Plants ( 1972), and Virgil Vogel's American Indian Medicine ( 1970). functioned as references for the general use of uncultivated plants by Native Americans. Several other books were also employed in this study to visually identify plants during interviews with Ute consultants, including Arthur Cronquist et al.' s Intermountain Flora volumes 1, 4 and 5 ( 1972), Booth Courtenay's Wildflowers and Weeds ( 1972). Michael Moore's Medicinal Plants of the Mountain West ( 1979), Richard Shaw's Wildflowers of the Wasatch and Uinta Mountains ( 1983), and Ronald Taylor's Sagebrush Country ( 1992). Finally, several major library databases were used to search for additional materials, including Medline, American History and Life ( 1983 to present), Humanities Index ( 1984 to present), Popular Periodicals, Social Science Index, Uncover, and World Cat. Some of the subjects searched in 30 |
