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Show 56 'l'IIE FEDERAL CONVENTION. 11 9. Resolved, That a national jndiciary be established, to hold their offices dnring good behavior, and to re. ccive punclually, at stated times, a fixed compensation for their services, in which no increase or diminution shall be made, so as to affect the persons actually in office at tho time of such increase or diminution. That the jurisdiction of the inferior tribunals, shall be to hear and determine in the first instance, anu of the supreme tribunal to hear and determine in the dentier Tessort, all piracies a.nd felonies on the seas; captures from an enemy; cases in which foreigners, or citizens of other States, applying to such jurisdictions, may be interested or which respect the collec· tion of the national revenue; impeachments of any national officer; and questions which involve the national peace or harmony. 1 ' 10. Resol·ved, That provision ought to be made for the admission of States ]awfully arising within the limits of the United States, whether from a voluntary jnnction of govern· ment or territory, or otherwise, with the consent of a num· ber of voices in the national legislature less than the whole. 11 11. Resolved, That a republican government, and the terri lory of each State, (except in the instn,ncc of a volun· tary junction of government, anu territory,) ought to be guaranteed by the United States to each State. "12. Resolved, 'l'hat provision ought to be made for the continuance of Congress, and their authorities and privi· leges, until a given day, after tho reform of the articles of union shall be adopted, and for the completion of all their cngagcrnen ts. "13. Resolved, That provision ought to be m3.dc for the amendment of the articles of union, whensoever it shall seem necessary; and that the assent of the national legis· laturc ought not to be required thereto. "14. Resolved, That the legislative, executive, and judi· 'l'llE FEDEHAL <J NVEN'JliON. 57 ciary powers within the several States ought to be bound by oath to support the articles of union. 11 15. R<~solve d, 'fhat tho nmendmenls which shall bo ofTered to the Confederation by the Convention, ought, at a proper time or times, after the approbation of Congres. , to be submitted to an as. emhly or a ·scmblies of repro entatives, recommended by the several legislatures, to be expressly chosen by the people to considet· and decide thereon. "16. Resolved, 'rh::tt the IIonso will to-morro'v resolve itself into a committee of the whole IIousc, to consider of tho state of tho American Union." Wednesday, llfay 30. Tho lion. Roger Sherman, a deputy from the State of Connecticut, appeared and took his seat. The Ilouse went into Committee of the Whole, Mr. Gorham in tho Chair·, on the resolutions of 1\'Ir. Randolph. Mr. Madison moved "that the equality of suffrage established by the Articles of Confederation, ought not to prevail in the national legislature; and that an eqnitable ratio of representation ought to be substituted." This was opposed, on the ground that the deputies from Delaware were instructed not to assent to such a change, and they would therefore retire should it be adopted. After some discussion tho Committee rose and the lionse adjourned. Thursday, llfay 1. The lion. William Pierce, of Georgia, took his sen,t. Mr. Itandolph's third resolution, "that the national Icgisln.tnre onght to conf:)ist of two brunches," was agreed to without dissent, except from Dr. Franklin of Pennsylvania. The first clause of the foUJ·th resolution, "that the mom· hers of the first brunch of the national legislature ought l''• ' I ~ |