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Show 4 INTRODUCTION. marck long ago came to this conclusion, which has lately been maintained by several eminent naturalists and philosophers ; for instance Ly vVallace, Huxley, Lyell,. Voot Lubbock Buchner, Holle, &c.,1 and especially by ~' ' Hackel. This last nnturalist, besides his great work, 'Generelle l\Iorphologie ' (1866), has recently (1868, with a second edit. in 1870), published his 'Natiirliche Schopfungsgeschichte,' in which he fully discusses the genealogy of man. If this work had appeared before my essay had been written, I should probably never have completed it. Almost all the conclusions at which I have aiTived I find confirmed by this naturalist, whose knowledge on many points is much fuller than mine. Wherever I have added any fact or view from Prof. Hackel's writings, I give his authority in the text, othe1· statements I leave as they originally stood in my manuscript, occasionally giving in the foot-notes references to his works, as a confirmation of the more doubtful or interesting points. During many year.-s it has seemed to me highly probable that sexual selection has played an important part in differentiating the races of man; but in my 1 As the "·orks of the first-named authors arc so well known, I need. not give the titles ; but as those of the latter are loss well known in England, I will give them:-' Seehs Vorlesungen tiber die Darwin1- sche Thcorie:' zweito Aufiagc, 1868, von Dr. L. B Uehner; tmnslatecl into French under the title ' Conferences sur la Theorio Darwiniennc<'' 1869. • Der 1\'Ienscll, im Lichte clor Darwin'scho Lehro,' 1865, von Dr. F. Rolle. I will not attempt to give r eferences to all tho authors who have taken the Eame side of tho question. Thus G. Canostrini has published (' Annuario della Soc. d. Nat.,' l\Ioden~, 1867, p. 8~). a Ycry curious paper on rudimentary characters, a~ boarmg on the or1gm of man. Another work hns (1869) been pubhshed by Dr. Barrap;o Francesco, bearing in Italian tho title of" 1\fan, made in tho image oti' God, was also maclo in tho imago of t !Jc apr." INTRODUCTION. 5 ~Origin of Species' (first edition, p. 199) I contented myself by merely alluding to this belief. When I came to apply this view to man, I found it indispensable to treat the whole subject in full detail.2 Consequently the second part of the present work, treating of sexual .selection, has extended to an inordinate length, compared with the first part ; but this could not be .aYoided. I had intended adding to the present volumes an ·essay on the expression of the various emotions by man and the lower animals. My attention was called to this .subject many years ago by Sir Charles Bell's admirable work. This illustrious anatomist maintains that man js endowed with certain muscles solely for the sake ·of expressing his emotions. As this view is obviously ·Opposed to the belief that man is descended from some o{)ther and lower form, it was necessary for me to consider it. I likewise wished to ascertain how far the emotions .are expressed in the same manner by the different races .uf man. But owing to the length of the present work, I have thought it better to reserve my essay, which is partially completed, for separate publication. 2 Prof. Hackel is the sole author who, since the publication of the ·• Origin,' has discussed, in his various works, in a very able manner, .the subject of sexual selection, and has seen its full importance. |