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Show the year I860.7 Cottonwood chairs with rush seats were made in great numbers by John Cottam.8 Cottam demonstrated resourcefulness as well in setting up his simple machinery (Fig. 61). His Fifth West Turning Shop in Salt Lake City was perhaps typical of many small shops throughout the territory: The shop was two stories high, built of adobe. . . . At first the machinery was run by hand power. A man would turn a wheel which set the mill in motion. . . . Later the horsepower was introduced. . . . In the rear [of the shop'] was a large conical shed to house the horsedrawn machinery. . . . In the ceiling of the conical shed were huge wooden cog wheels. There was a vertical shaft in the center and a horizontal shaft fastened to it. At the end of this shaft a horse was fastened. A boy sat in a seat on the shaft and drove the horse, which set the mill in motion. In this shop were made chairs, tables, chests of drawers, bedsteads, the wash dolly, potato mashers, rolling pins, balusters, columns and rosettes.9 Appleton Milo Harmon, in constructing his shop in Toquerville, was equally inventive: For power he built a pond near the mountain above his dwelling lot, which was fed by a large spring. A long flume, made of lumber, carried water from the pond to a deep penstock at the bottom of which was placed an iron paddle wheel called a flutter wheel. This wheel he made himself, as he was a blacksmith as well as a carpenter and millwright. . . . In his furniture shop he had a turning lathe, jig-saw, scroll saw and other machines that he could run one at a time, there being only a limited amount of power. The water that filled the storage pond at night was used for power during the day. He manufactured tables, straight chairs, rocking chairs, bedsteads, lounges, and baby cradles.10 Since cash was in such short supply, Harmon was often paid in produce-dried peaches and grapes, wine, and molasses-which he in turn traded for wheat, flour, cured meat, and potatoes. Those furniture makers who were also competent businessmen were able to use the barter system profitably. Henry Dinwoodey was one of these (Fig. 63): / continued on in this way for some time, manufacturing furniture by hand, out of native lumber, which I had to trade and barter, as money was at this time a very scarce article indeed. The only mode I had of paying my men being to exchange and barter furniture, for the various products of the country, such as lumber, adobes, beef, home made boots and shoes, provisions, etc. I was always on hand for a trade, scarcely anything came amiss, even to beet mo- 68 |