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Show 475 " In Michigan, the Saginaw and the Black rivers; and I have had charge of sea- coast harbors, New York City, Long island, about six or seven harbors on the coast of Washington, and the Great Lakes channel from Lake Superior, including the west end of Lake Erie. " Also was on duty for over three years on the Washington filtration plant." R. 1217- 1218. From about August 25th to about September 4th, 1929 he made an official examination of the Colorado River. R. 1218. " Q. There has been something said from time to time about crossing bars. I would like to get that straight, as to just what a crossing bar is. Can you straighten us out on that? " A. A river is ordinarily a succession of bends, with more or less straight reaches at the point where the curvature changes. During a freshet a river ordinarily builds a bar at the point where this curvature changes." R. 1219. In the reach where the change of curvature occurs, there will ordinarily be built during a freshet a sand bar. " I am speaking now exclusively of rivers carrying a heavy load of sand in their bed. Gravel is a very different proposition, and rivers that carry no sand, or very little sand, do not behave in this manner. [ R. 1219- 1230] " This crossing bar may at the end of the freshet, be considerably above the low- water surface of the water. As the freshet plays out and the river begins to fall, a |