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Show 80 THE FEDERAL CONVENTION. a ccnsnR, s 0 f.n...r · as they were concerned; if simply as wealth. then why not other wealth be include~ ? :Mr. herman, was in favor of leav111g the whole matter to the discretion of the lcgi. lo.ture. Mr. :Morris, said that the people of Pennsylvania woul<l revolt at the idea of being placed on a level wi lh slaves in representation. rrhcy wonld reject any plan in which slaves were included in the census. On the question of taking a census of f 'ree inhabitan.ts, it passed in the amrmative. . The next clause, n.s to three-fifths of the negroes, belllg considered, Mr. King opposed the clause. lie thought the ad mi. sion of blacks in the representation would excite great discontents amoug the people. Mr. Gorham, of Massachusetts, favored the three-fifths rule. Mr. Wilson, of Pennsylvania, said if negroes were pro-perty, why not represent other property ?-if they were citizens, why not let them be represented as such? Mr. Morris, thought that representation for blacks would encourage the slave trade. On the question for including 11 three-fifths" of the blncks, it was lost. .All the N orthcrn States, except Connecticut, voted No. July 12. Mr. Morris, moved 11 that taxation be in proportion to representation." Dr'. Johnson thought population the best measure of wealth, and therefore, would include the blacks equally with the whites. Mr. Morris, thought the people of Pennsylvania could never agree to a representation of negroes. Gen. Pinckney, desired that properly in slaves should bo protected and not left exposed to danger. Mr. Ellsworth, moved that the rule of taxation sl1all be 'J1JIE FEDERAL •ol\Vl~NTTON. 81 according to the whole number of while inhabitants n,n<l three-fifLhs of every oth r de, crip t. ion, until some other rnle by which the wealth of the • Latcs cn,n be ascertai ned, hall' be adopted by the Jegi ·lature. Mr. Randolph opposed this amendment. lie urged that express security ought to be proviued for in cluding slaves in representation. lie lamented that snch property exi ·led; but as it did exist, the holders of it shonl<l require tllis security in the Constitution and not leave iL to the caprice of the lcgi, lative body. Mr. Wilson thought there would be Jess umbra.ge taken by the people by adopting the rule of represe ntation according to taxation. 'l'he slaves woulcl be taxed and thus indirectly represented. Mr. Pinckney moved to amend so as to make blacks cqnal to whites in representation. He sn,id the blacks would be all numbered in the representn,tiou of the North, ani they were as productive in material resources to the country in the South n,s in the North. lie thought Lllilj no more than justice. On Mr. Pinckney's motion, only South Carolina and Gr.orgia voted Aye. On the question apportioning representation to direct ta.1ntion, to ihe whole of the while an<l three-fifths of the Linck population, Connecticut Pennsylvania ~tfaryland Virginia, N orlh Carolina, aud ' Georgia. voted' Aye; New' J er:ey nntl Delaware voted No; Massachusetts and South Carolina divided. July 14. Prom this date till the 17th, the Convention was engn,ged iu an animn,ted di scns. ion on the equality of votes in the Senate from en,ch State. On the 16th a motion was made to adjourn sine die, on the ground that tho Convention could nevet· agree to the exactions of tho smaller States. .An equality vole was, however, agreed to. North Carolina and Massachusetts divided; 5 ..Ayes, 4 Noes. 6 |