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Show Female Breast Cancer (ICD-9 Codes: 174) (1997 Total Deaths from Female Breast Cancer =191) Rates of mortality from female breast cancer are slightly lower for Utah than for the U.S., and the difference appears to be widening. In 1991, Utah rates for incidence and mortality closed to within 92% of national rates, but since then has decreased substantially to 81% in 1996. This may be due to recent campaigns for mammography utilization and awareness, which increased during the early nineties. Although the causes of female breast cancer are not well understood, diet, genetics, and hormones may affect the risk. Early pregnancies may also reduce the risk of breast cancer. The higher fertility rate in Utah may help partially explain why Utah's breast cancer rates are below the national average. Important risk factors to keep in mind are: increasing age, early menarche, late menopause, a personal or family history of breast cancer, and never having children, or having a first child late in life. While Utah has a relatively low rate of breast cancer mortality, in 1991 Utah was below the national median in the percentage of women 18 and older who reported ever having a mammogram. Although the percentage increased in 1993, Utah still ranked below the national median. In 1994 and 1995 Utah's percentage matched the rate of the National Median State. Breast cancer death rates can be reduced by early detection through monthly self-examination and yearly mammogram. Table 32. Female Breast Cancer* Utah U.S. Mortality Mortality Year 1980 20.4 22.8 1981 21.4 22.8 1982 18.3 22.9 1983 18.9 22.7 1984 17.4 23.1 1985 17.3 23.3 1986 18.8 23.1 1987 19.3 23.1 1988 19.9 23.2 1989 19.6 23.1 1990 17.5 23.0 1991 20.7 22.8 1992 17.4 21.8 1993 18.3 21.4 1994 17.7 21.1 1995 17.7 21.1 1996 16.4 20.2 1997 15.4 - *Age-adjusted rates per 100.000 females for Utah Data. Age adjusted to the 1940 standard population. U.S. data age-adjusted to the 1940 standard population. Table 32. Sources: Utah: Utah Department of Health, Utah Birth and Death Certificate Internet-Query System Registration[On-linel.Available: Http://www.health.state.ut.us US: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC Wonder [On-line]. Available: Http://www.cdc.gov Table 32a. Mammogram Rates Utah 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 71 78 76 80 82 80 78 Median State 72 74 78 80 82 80 79 Range of States 60-84 57-82 68-86 70-87 72-90 68-86 69-88 **Percentage of women 40 and older who report ever having had a mammogram. Source: Utah Department of Health. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Unpublished data. Figure 17 Female Breast Cancer Mortality 25 i Age-Adjusted ^0 Mortality Rates per 100,000 Population 15 10 Utah U.S. 75 |