OCR Text |
Show PART VI FRAMEWORK PLAN AND ALTERNATIVES Waste-water treatment facilities will be built to accompany all new facilities and the backlog of presently needed facilities will be overcome. A minimum of conventional secondary or equivalent treatment will be re- quired for all domestic, municipal, and industrial waste waters. Disin- fection of effluents will be required as necessary. Removal of nutrients from waste waters will probably be needed in some areas by 1980. Toxi- cants and other chemical pollutants will be removed as needed to comply with water quality standards. Ground water resources will be protected from contamination by domestic, municipal, and industrial wastes. Watershed protection is planned for forest, rangeland, irrigated, and dryland to overcome pollution from land runoff. Thermal discharges would be controlled at the source. The relationship of minimum stream- flow to water quality requirements would be studied. Environmental health programs are planned which will emphasize increased protection and surveillance of domestic water supplies and initiate better control and monitoring of air pollution, solid waste disposal, radiological pollution and disease vectors. Costs Summaries of program costs for water development only and for total program costs for water development plus associated development are pre- sented (Tables 11 and 12). Installation costs correspond to those struc- tures or programs that will be needed to meet the regionally interpreted OBERS requirements after the base year 1965. Operation, maintenance, and replacement costs are directly tied to the structures or programs to be installed and generally reflect the annual funds required at the end of the stated period. Cost estimates are in constant dollars indexed to 1965 levels. Installation costs are estimated by the two general components des- ignated as specific and joint facilities. Specific facilities are those readily identified with one major function with costs data drawn from the programs developed in the several appendices and costs for the facilities to convey water to the point of use by these programs. Joint facilities are those serving two or more functions such as reservoirs, main convey- ances, structures, and collection systems. Joint costs are prorated to the applicable major function based upon proportionate use of the facility. Included in the program costs for water development only are all joint costs and specific costs for municipal and industrial water supply; irrigation (except for on-farm systems) and drainage; hydropower genera- tion, hydropower transmission, and conveyance systems to deliver cooling water to thermal-electric plants; flood control; water-based recreation; fishery improvements and waterfowl habitat development; water quality ex- cept salinity control; land management for erosion, sediment, and runoff control on all lands and water-yield improvements on Federal lands; and. other water resource development, including export. 73 |