OCR Text |
Show INDEX. II. Habits, influence of, on the condition of the labouring classes, 243-257. I. Importation of Corn, how it a/feet the price of that commodity, 195, 196- its influence on the coun •xion of the interests of the landlord and of the state importing corn, 217-225. Improvements in agriculture, influence of, on rent, 165, 166-a main source of the increase of rents, 207, 208- the United States of America, almost the only country where rents may be increased without agricultural jmprovements, ~10, 211-agricultural improvements, why effected chiefly by the tenants, and not by the land owners, 219, 220. Interest, rate of, in China, 158-cause of the high rate of, there and in India, 159-rate of in England, during the reign of George II., 318- reduction of it, accounted for, 476- and also the reduction of interest in Italy, in 1685, ib. Interference. See Non-inte?fm·ence. Ireland, state of wages of labour, and of profits of stock in, cannot be reduced, and why, 209-cause of the increase of its population, 232-252, ~90-the power of supporting labour exists there, to a greater extent than the will, 394, 395-the charac. ter of the Irish peasantry vindicat d, 396-thc deficiency of w alth in this eountry, owing more to a want of demand than of capital, 398-400 -prodigious capabilities of Ireland for manufacturing and commercial wealth, 400, 101. L. Labour, divided iuto productive and unproductive, 29-Adam Smith's definition of productive labour considered, 30, 31-a classification of the diiferent kinds of labour necessary, and why, 31-34-the distinction of the Economists cont~idered 35, 36- real nature of productive labour 1tated, 38, 4.9- examination of Adam Smith's definition of unpro~ uuctive labour, 39-45-the labour realized upon material products is the only labour su ·ceptible of accumulation and definite valuation, 46 -the labotu·, which a commodity l1as cost, considered a.5 a mca.5ure of exchangeable value, 85-108-thc labour, which a commodity will com. mand, considered as a measure of real valu in exchange, 118-1'26- a mean between corn and labour, con idcred as a measure of real value in exchange, 126-133-the wages oflabour dependent on supply and demand, 240-246-the natural and market prices of labour defined, 247-the cau es, which principally influence the demand for labour, 257 -266-etrect of a fall in the value of money on the demand for labour, 267 -280-the effective demand for labour not likely to be afl'ected by the introduction of fixed capital, 264 -how far the profits of capital are affected by the proportion, which capital bears to labour, 301-313- inv ntions to save labour considered as a stimulus to the continued increa ·e of w ·alth, 401-413. Labourer, the wages of, to be necessarily separated from the rent of land, 1 150-160-influence of the rate, at which the r sources of the country and the demand for labour are increasing, upon the condition of the labouring classes, !N8-influence of the habits of people in respect to their food, clothing, and lodging, on their condition, 249-2!}4-efl"ect of a fall in the value of money, on the condition of the labourer, 267-~80 -difference betw en the earnings of labourers in Poland and in America, 311-!abourers arc stimulated by the want of necessaries to produce ~uxuries, 379, 380-deficient capttal, the cause of the distresses of labourers, since 1815, 444·-1·~6- further elucidation of this subJeCt, 4·90-504-r mcdies for these distresses : 1irst, an increased national revenue, 505-this to be obtained only by an union of the means of distri uution with the powers of production, 505, 507, 413-<M!6- secmldly, an increase in the exchangeable value of the whole pr?duce, itimated in hullion, and m the command of this bullion over foreirru and domestic labour, 50.'>, 0 508-520. Land, rent of, defined, 134- its nature and causes investigated, 135~ ~t seq. -in what manner the fcrt1hty of land gives a power of yielding rent, 143-150-on the necessary sepa- INDEX. rati~n of the rent of land from the I proftts of t.IJe cultivator, and th to save abour, con.sidf'red as a sti-wag s o f t I1 e labourer, 150- 160- mweualultsh ,t o4 0th1e- 4c1o2nt.i nued increase of causes of the rise of rents of land in M~ize, extraordinary productiveness of the ordinary progre ·s of society 160 m New Spain, 385,38 6 . ' -17R-and of the fall of them: 178 Manufactures, difference b tw en the -182-on the dependence oftl1c ac- natural or necessary price of, aud tualquantityofproduceobtaincdfrom that of corn 184- ffect f . t;le la~d~ upon. the existing rents and chinery on th~ir prices 185 ~ 86 ma-t. le existmg pnce11, 183-191-genc- Market~, the opening of: pro;Joted. b r:~~e;:rks on the surp~us produce of facilities of production, 412-mark!t ' .... 6.-233-~ertthtyof la~1d, the prices, how regulated, 8:3, 84. ~nly s{loUice ?f pe1manently htgh re- Measures of value, general obserntions .•~r~s or capital, 234-strik~ng ill us. on, 53-6'i-d mand and t;pply, trttion of the effects of capitals em- considrred as a m 'asure of exchang·e-opt h oeyresd 2"o'n4 2la3n-d c1o mpadre d witl1 able valu·e , 67- 7'i-cost and sup- .' " , ::>-ot 1e.r. a vantages ply, considered as such a measure, result1~~ fro~u the. ~ertrltty .of laud, 72-84-also tlte labour which a 235~-239-Its ferhht.y const~lercd as commodity has co t, 8 88-and the a stnuulns to the contmued mcrcase labour which a commodity will com- ~f weal~h'. 375-401-the. ~i~tribu- ma.nd, 118-126- of mon y, when t~on occasiOned by th~ dtv1,s10n of umform in value, consider d as a landed p;opertJ:', considered as a measure of value, 108-118-of a means of mcreasmg the exchangeable mean, considered as a measure ()f real value of the whole produce, 4~7- value in exchange, 126-133. 440-See a~s? Rent. . Metals, the precious, when uniform in La.ndlord, pos1tnre wealth of, ought to their cost, considered as a measure mcrease gradually, in the progress of value, 109-118-how a differ- ?f a country towards a high rate of ence in their value, in different Improvement, 199-investigation of countries, and under different cir- ~he c~uses,. which may mislead him cumstances, affects the price of corn, 1~ lettmg his lands, to the injury of 193-error of Adam Smith's opinion, lnmself and of the country, J 99- that the low value of gold and silver 204-~n the stric~ and necessary is no proof of thew alth and flourish-connexwn of the mteres~s of the ing state of the country where it landlord and of the state, m a couu- taJws place, 197, 198. t~y which supports its own popula- Mexi~o or New Spain, extraordinary twn, 204-217-and in countries fcrtilitv of, 382, 3U3-indo1ence of which import com, 217-225-pro- its in'i1abitants, 384, 3H8, 389- bable effect of an abolition of public causes of its thin population, 385- debt upon landlords, 487. extraordinary productivenc s of the Lauderdale (Lord), definition of wealth Mexican maize, ib.-poverty of 1he by, 27 -remarks on it, ib. 28. Mexicans, 386- obstacles to the Limitationsandexceptions,whyrejected progress of population in this coun-by some scientific writers on political try, 387 -want of demand, the chief ~conomy, 7 -the necessity of them cause of the slow progress of New Illustrated, in the doctrines laid down Spain in wealth and populatiou, com-by Adam Smith, respectiug frugality pared with its prodigious resources, and saving, 8-and in the rule~ 392, 393. which relate to the division of land, Money, when uniform in its cost, con- 9-refutation of the opinion of some sidered as a measure of value, 108- political economists, that though ex- 118. The effect of a fall in tlte value ccptions may exist to the general of money, on the demand for labour rules of political economy, yet they and the condition of the labourer, need not be noticed, 13-1o. 267-280. N. M. National Debt, evils of a great one, 484 Machinery, influence of, on the prices -reasons why it should be slowly of commodities, 185, 186-machiues reduced, but net annihilated, 485, |