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Show MALLiBY.] PROPERTY MARKS INDIVIDUAL STATUS. 183 States where ranches are common, illustrate the modern use of property marks. A collection of these brands made by the writer compares unfavorably for individuality and ideography with the marks of Indians for similar purposes. The following translation from Kunst and Witz der ETeger ( Art and Ingenuity of the Negro) is inserted for the purpose of comparison be tween Africa and America. The article was published at Munich, Bavaria, in Das Ausland, 1884, No. 1, p. 12. " Whenever a pumpkin of surprisingly fine appearance is growing, which promises to furnish a desirable water- vase, the proprietor hurries to distinguish it by cutting into it some special mark with his knife, and probably superstitious feelings may cooperate in this act. I have reproduced herewith the best types of such property marks which I have been able to discover." These property marks are reproduced in Figure 81. STATUS OF THE INDIVIDUAL. Several notices of pictographs under this head appear in other parts of this paper; among others, designations of chiefs, sub- chiefs, partisans, medicine men or shamans, horse thieves, and squaw men, are shown in the Winter Counts and in the Ogalala Eoster. See also Figure 120, page 204. Captives are drawn in Figure 180, page 242. With reference to the status of women as married or single see pages 64 and 232. For widow, see page 197. Marks for higher and lower classes are mentioned on page 64. To these may be added the following, contributed by Mr. Gatschet: Half- breed girls among the Klamaths of Oregon appear to have but one perpendicular line tattooed down over the chin, while the full-blood women have four perpendicular lines on the chin. Tattooing, when practiced at this day, is performed with needles, the color being prepared from charcoal. SIGNS OP PARTICULAR ACHIEVEMENTS. Eagle feathers are worn by the Hidatsa Indians to denote acts of courage or success in war. The various markings have different significations, as is shown in the following account, which, with sketches of the features made from the original objects, were obtained by Dr. Hoffman from the Hidatsa at Fort Berthold, Dakota, during 1881. |
