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Show Tbe ordering of the Orchard. 54.8 Lhe. onderingof the Orchard, haue themthriue and profper; for the want thereofat that time, hath often Killedma. nie alikely tree. To ftakeandfencethemalfo if needebee after they are newfer and fo to continue fortwoorthree yeares after,is verie expedient,left windes or other cafualties {poileyour paines, and ouerthrow yourhopes. And likewife to defend yourgrafts frombirds lighting onthem, to breake or difplace them to ftickefome prickes or fharpe pointed {tickes longer then your graft into yourclay , that fo the maybea fure defence of it: Asalfo to tye fome woollen cloathes about the lowerend ofyourftockes, or thruft in fome thornesinto the ground aboutthe rootes, to defend them from hauingtheir barkes eaten by Conies , or hurt by fomeother noifomever mine. Cuar. VII. Obferuations for the dre[sing and wellkeéping ofTrees andan Orchard ingoodorder. Here are two mannet of waies to dreffe and keepe trees in good order, that they may bee both gracefull and fruitful; the oneris for wall: trees, theother is for ftandards : for as their formes are different , fo is their keeping or ordering. Wall trees , becaufe they are gtafted lowe, andthat their branches mutt f be platht ortackt vnto the wall to fa(ten them, are tobe fo kept, that all their branches maybe fuffered to growe, that thoote forth on cithetfide of the bodies and led:either along the wall, ervpright , andoneto Lappe ouer or vnder another as°is conuenient, and {till with peeces oflifts, parings of felt, peeces of{oft leather , or other fuch like foft thing compaffing the armes or branches, faftencd with {mallor greatnailes as neede requireth, to the wals, onely thofe buds or branches ar¢ te be nipped or cut off, that fhoot forward, and will not fo handfomely be brought into conformity,asis it- ting ; yet ifthe branches growetoo thicke,to hinderthe good of ‘the reft, ortoohigh forthe wall, they may, nay they muftbe cut away or loppedoff’: and if aniedead branches alfo happen to be on thettees, they muft becut away, that thereft may haye the morelibertieto thriuc. Diuers alfoby carefully nipping away! the wafteandfuperfluous buds, doc keepetheirtreesin conformity, without much cutting. Thetime topruine or plafh, ortyevp wall trees,is vfually fromthe fall of the leafe , tothe be- ginning of the yeare, when they beginto bloffome,and:moft efpecially little before or after Chriftmas : but in any cafe not too late » for feareof rubbing off their buds. SomeI know doeplafhand tye vp their wall trees after bearing time; while the leaues are greene; and their reafonis , the buds are not fo cafieoraptto beerubbed from the 549 era wantof) Skill) orelfe:fucharmesor branches asiare broken off Clofe, oF Miavd from tHe bodyrotthetrees forthe raine beating and falling into uch aplace, wilbia fhofttithe rote yout tree; orputicin dangeryibefidesthe dctormiry. Some veton! vp fach ah hole wich welbeenperrd clay, and racke a clotlror a peece of leather oue¥ it vntill ibe recotiered ,. and thisisiabfo novamiffe. Your young trees , if they ftahdio anie ood grounds ywillbce plentifull enough ia fhooring forth branches’; bee carefull therefore if they growe too thicke, charyowpruine away fuch as growe too clofe(and will! YF they betuffered, {poileone another) 2s they may be beft {pared,that fo the fannieayre, and raine may -haueifekecacceflotoall your branches; which will make theth besre the moreplentifully;, candiripen thentthe. fooner and the more kindly.’ Tfatiéboughes growe atthétoppetoohigh, entthem alfo away, that your ‘trees may rather {prea then: growe too highs And fo likewifefor thevader boughes / or anie other that by the weight of fruitfallior hang downe, cut thetti off atthe halfe, and they willafterwards nife and {hoote vpwards.> “Youfhall obferite; thar at all cHofe places Where atiié branches haue been'cut aways the fappewilleuer bee readie to pur foreh : if therefore you would haucnomore: branches vile from ‘thar place, rubbeoff of hippé off fich buddesas are notto your minde, when they arenew fhot : and thus you may-keep yout trees in. good order witha littlepaines, after yomhane thus pruined and drefed them, One other thing Ewouldaduertife you of, and that is howto preferue’a fainting'ordécaying'tree whichis readie to perith, if it be not gone toofarre or paftcure, take a good quantitie ofoxe or horfebloud, mixetherewith a-reafonable quantitie of theepe or pigeons ding, whiels being laid to'the:roote, will by the often raines and much watering recouerirfelfe, ifiehere bee anic poflibilitie . bat this muft bee done in Tanwatic ot Fes bruarieatthe furthictt. i Cuar.,VIIL Diners other obferuations tobe rememnbréd im the mel keeping of an Orchard, Tes be diders otherthingsto be mentioned, whereof care muft be had, either todocor audide, which E thinkefit in this: Chapter promifcuoufly t6 fer down, that there may be nothing wanting to furnith you with fufficient knowledge of the cate, paines; and:cafualties that befall an Orchard: for ithath many enemies , and every-onelabourerh dsmuchasin them lye, to {poile youof your pleafitre, or profit,or branches at thattime, as at-Chriftmas » when they are more growne: but theleaucs both.,. which muft bee:both {peedily and carefully prevented and helped , and theyare thefe : Moffe, Gaterpillars, Ants, Earwigs; Snailes, Moales, and Birds. If Moflébegin faftening ofthemto thewall. This labour you mutt’ performe cuery ycareinits due hacke,and croffehacke, or cutthe barke of the bodies of their trees,tocatife it fall away; thefe muft bepruined both from fuperfluous branches that ouerload the or witha long peece of wood formed likea knife , at theend ofa long fticke or pole, whichif itbee viedtauteloufly without hurting the buds, Tike better. Caterpillars, fome {moake them with burning wet ftrawe or hay , or fach like ftuffe vnderthe trees 5 muft needes be very cumberfome, to hinder much boththe orderly placing, andclofe to ouergrowe your trees, looketo it betimes, leftitmake yout trees barren:Some vfe ro time; for if you thal! negle@andjouerflipic, you thall haue much more trouble, to bring them intoa fitorder againe,then at thefirt. The ftandard-trees inan Orchard muft be kept inanother order ; for whereas the formerare fuffered to fipread at large, but I-feare it may endanger yourtrees.Othicts do citherrubbe it off with ahaire cloth, trees, & make but [doe nor greatly likeof that way’: others cut off the boughes Whereon they breed, and tread them vndertheir feete; butthat will fpoile too manié ‘branches ; and fome them leffe fruitful, as wellas leffe fightly, and the vider or water bougheslikewite, that drawemuch nourifhment fromthe trees ; and yetthemfelueslittle the better for it; Imeanetogiue fruit. If therefore your Orchard confift ofyoung trees, witha lit- tlecare and painesit may beekept in that comely order and proportion it was firftde- ftinedvnto ; but if it confit of old grownetrees, they will not withoutagreat deale ofcareand-paines be broughtinto fuch conformitiejasis: befitting good and comely trees; for the'marke of thofe boughes or branches thar ‘are'cut offrom youngtrecs, will quicklybe healed againe , the barke growing quickly ouerthem , whereby they arenot worft for their cutting ; butan oldtree if you cut off a bough, you muft cut iC clofe and cleanly, and lay a fearcloth of tallow, waxe ; and2 litle pirch melted together vponthe place, tokeepe off boththe winde , fenne, andraine, vatillthe bark haue couered it ouer againe sand in this manneryou muft deale withall {uch {hort ftumps of branches, as are cicher broken {hort of withthe winde, or by carelefnefle of want killthemwith theirhands but fome doe vie anew deuifed way, that is, a pompe made of lattin or tin, fpour-fafhion, which being fet ina tubbe of warer vader or ate your trees, they will:cavfe the water to rife through it With fuch a force , and thr oug h the branches, thar it will wafh them’ off quickly. ‘To deftroy Ants,that cate your fruitbefore and whemitisripe, {ome vfeto annoint the bodies of theirtrees with tarre, that they may noucreepe vp onthe branches; but if thatdoe norhelpe,or you will not vic its you mutt be carefull to finde ourtheirhill, and turncitvp, pouringin fcalding water, either in Summer; but efpecially if youcan in Winter, and that will farely deftroy them. Ihaué {pokenof Earwigsin the firft part of this worke, entreati f rhe annoy- aces of Gilloflowers , andtherefore Ireferre you thereunto : yet one way’ vee |