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Show Gl2 Ex. Doc. No. 41. of g-rn::-s; it is ca1led l3Hyou Cita. The mules arrr~r to like the dry gra.s 011 thE> hill f.idf•o;; Ltttter. 1Ne_ are n('a r cl corn pat~.:h of_ some C:1lifor 11 ia Tnd i<HJS. \Vt! may constdt·r ours ,· h·_}·~ a p_a1tly 1n the coun try. [t lonl< ~ po"11) l'<'H' . It must he f-il ld th_r th sta u1 ·r over the :nrn;Hla. is 91 m\1( ~, nr thurahout~; r nrl to cro~:s tt prnpt rly, one sh nt1ld ·o JlC' to it pttf'ilJ<•d "'· :th a litilt cr1rn f~r (•ad1 llTIJtJal-_ay ~ p •t 1·--and then it ('.O lll'' lw p ·1s~ e<~ w1th~)ut dd~c-ulty,.l~.Y m_a·k,l~tg three or four dny of lt nvt·r tht· p 1ams. ']he r?n~~r~ut H c 1n~ 1)I~ cr.s 0 f p 0 tt cr y 8 h ow s t lt a t l t 11 ; i a n. s l1 a v e t r a v e n:. t d 1 t t r;-n r o u t o f rr~ 1 n <1 o In f .. ct, at one plan', w.1s t vtdt net• nf a ftHlner abode of lndtans, ( d j g g e r R,) a s ~ l1 ~ y <1 r c ~; t ll t • d-p r o b a b l y t b e 1 o ~1 est o r ~I e r ~ f t h e ) 1umau 1acr-11v1ng on l11.z. nl·, hugs,_sl·('d,_ &.c., <illd _nnked a., they c" nu• i u \ 0 P1 e w o rl d , t' x n p t t h r co' t 1 ! n p: o { ~ r Cl s s \ 'b 1 c h t ~l e w om t' n La 11 n· a r 0 u n cl their ] o ins. IJ ow far f r 0 m he 1 n g arrayed Ill p n r p l e andbf1ne linen, at~tl f< a:--tiug ~U~ fduou81y _t.\'CTY <l~y, or from the enjoymrnt of the fruit s of lll~·n.':-: tntciJect: tn tb(' ~, ,g bt pagesof modern literature! The'< ~<'latwn on the JCHilMia 1s the creosote bush, the m ,_. ~-q 11 it 1.', t h c F r c m o uti H , an (~ o c cas i o tD.II y p ll t ·he s of t hi n g r a s s, mnstly nn the hight-r htnds of 1t; a f< w willow: grr~v on 1be dr_y stream whe re" e found the second w£>11. Tit> fore h·av111g camp th1s morni 11'g a mule was fonnd ca, t in a hollow opposite tr• camp, and was 1:ot 'recognized as any one of tl~ose hdonging t.o the ~olumn, but a r t e 1' g (' t t i n g i t . 0 u t' i t . p r 0 v e d t 0 h e a r. 0 0 r t ln n g w h l (' h, h a d bet!n abant!oned to d1e 50 mJles ba('k, and wh 1ch bad followcc. our t r all , an d g e tt in g n ear c a m p, h a c1 m is 1 ;:dn n tIt e '~a y , a .n < l g? t i n bad g1ound, ar.u fallen so as not to be able to l'X1ncate Itself, the fog of the 28th no doubt bPing its salvation; it bronght with it one other mule left b~ek 30 mile , but it had p~ssetl stveral we would like to have ~een r:o me wi lh it. Jv·o?Jember 30.-Laid by at tbe Bayou Cita, to be a green ~pot, no doubt in the memory of our animals. lt would be con .. ulered a poor ~amp on the Arkansas, but here it is fin ; the green grass reaches two or three miles along the narrow vallty where the water comes to the surfac.e, and then ali is dry and barren again, _exce~t the greenness gtv(>n by tLe stink-bu~l\ and its lcindred plants~ 1nhab1- tants only of dry places. A few wdJows on the wate,· furr11slt fnP1, anJ the mountains hang over, high an_d bleHk, destitu~e.o~ trees, and a1mosl vegetation, coUlposed of gran1te and other stll~1ous rock~, rire tl and torn with the volcanic action, and seamed w1th voleantc matter. The granite is various in kind; some of it _beautiful structure and micacions; the agave abound~, aud the Infl1ans ~1ave baked it in every direction, using as fue1 the dtit:d stalks of eactnf', and bu_.hes of various kinds. The fish - ~1 : 1ok cactus is fouud here. Our m ... n killed a horse to-de1y fer food, the first animal we have found necessary to sacJifice for the atisfaction of appetite: Our wen w l' r e i n spec ted to-day Poor f c ll ow s ! they are well n 1 g h 11 a k e r_lsome of \hun bar~foot-:1 snrry looking set. A dandy would think thaL, in tl1ose swarthy sun-burnt faces, a lover of his country wtll see no signs of quailing. Tbey will be ready fot their hour whrn it comt·s. I ascended one of tht' mo~.:ntains ne~1 r camp, and wben about 3,000 feet above camp, found myself surrounded by peaks. I Ex. Doc. No. 41. 613 would ha v~ f.Ot~e further, but was alone and exhau~ted; a fog over- • h u n g t 11 e \\' <' s t ran ~y e , so t h at m y v i e w was '· u t off· e b c i n c> 11 e <.l i ~ rectio,J, I tlunk l might havr H.'en tile P::~.eifie oee~n; u:e mountain W<:ts covered with loose mas:Ps of granitt>, rouud; but whether by water or not, J could not tell; .-,o rne of them, evide1ltly fra'f!J1ents of the Senne piece , lay suL.~ by side. 0 December 1.-TLe first day of winter; we left camp at the ur. u:1.l hour, and fourul the air cold anu chilly. '"fhe mouot::~in pe:.k· on the coast raugc arc covered with snow sligbtly; tlte 'ltole of yEsterday, tbest peaks were coverccl with clouds which tlrilte tl o.lf in loose mosses over the uesert. This mornjn()', mo:-::t nf the cJolt(ls had disappeared, and a :strong win1l bJ ew bfrom 1 h\! wetJt. Our route for th~ day was cl evious t l1ro u_gh n arro \\ jH8ses, without any g~cac elevat10n; a bad road for our httlc howitzers, aHd imp.lssable, Without work, for wagons. We mar~h e<.l 18 miles and rnc.:mpcd at the vegus San Phillippe, near the deserted Indian viJJatyeo the ~o cks were mostly of mica slate and granite; the wat cr of th~; ·gus Is a p~aren t~y fresh, but .the a dj acrnt swn m p is salty, Hnd the grass Lad for aut~als, esper!a11y at this season 0 The grass, the long saJty grJss of the Del N ortc, and the soda grass. December 2:-Marched at the usual hour, out animals having spent a bad rllght from the cold anrl bad g1ass; the frw remaining horses, except one, gave out to-day, having been purged by the grass, and very ll!u.ch w_eakelled. Ot.r route was now over a ro lling country. Abo~t £IX mtles, we met :some Mcxicano escaping out of the country., Wtlh women and children; we allowed tlwm to pass free; th(:y Informed us of the exisU•nce of war still in this country, so that we count now upo.:1 meeting the enemy. It appears that there are no armed fo rceB orposrd to each o:her in the field but t] at, generally, parties of California rancher~R c·in Le fou~d in every q uCt.r ter. "": e will pro h:ibJ y have 1. Ion g time with an unseen enemy, Wtth no pttrbed battles. Arrived nt Warner's ranch very unexpectedly to them. This point is abrmt 60 mi!es from San Dieo-o and perhavs 8_0 from the Pueblo. It ~s occupied by an Americ~n' !rom Con~echcut, who ~ettled in this country, and became natural~ / IzetJ, ~arr1ed, ~c. IIe Is now on 1he main route l~atling to Sonora, an.d of course. 1s ver_y much exposed to both parties. He is now ~~ud to. be a pnsoner 111 the li1nds of the Americans. Our approach o California impro.ves to-day, and we came part of the day under the saade_of fine ltve-oak trees, and on the mountain tops clumps of lofty _Pmes; as we came to Warncr:s, we got upon the 'western slop e o f moun t a·w s, and here nature had made pretty successful ef-forts to clothe her nakedness; the cshrub21 and trees almost hid the ro_cks of .the ~ountains, a~J the hills had gra.,s i•t abunJan~e, but stt! I not h mg hke tb e luxuna nt growth of the prairies of l\Iissou ri, ~ ~ t <! o ~ b t 1 fJ::, s a m o s t en c h an t i n g i1 i g h t, w h e n it is green , to one "' h o as .Just cross~d the desert. We fount! Warner's a place which wo uJ d ~e cous1 d cre•l a poor l ocation in the United StaU's with a ~~~t spnng. ~nd a colt] one o~ hit; place; a good place f~r st~ck~ but l lor graJn, on~ woul.d thmlc. Wi~ lli'e told wheat ytelJ~ thtrty-fold. The labor 1s pedorrned by Californ1a Indians, who are stimu- |