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Show I .. 8G Ex. Doc. No. 41. Monterey in California, hnt lh ·r i. neither gra. nor walcr on that pa.s~a~c, nn<l thirst an<l <li ·trc ·s over~..:amc, untloublctlly, tho e who a lt t' m p t e d i l. In almo~l an oppo. ile clireclion north, 50 ast, thrr is a g<q~ in the mountains throu gh whi(;h lh · ~'tdl ri~rr flow to .mel'l t1.1c Gt~a, 1nakiug wilh it an acute au~le, at a })Qlnlle_n ?r fdl en mtl~· · dt ·tan t from our camp , b <Hi n g nor l h w <' ·l. A J tlt 1 c nor l h o ( c a ~.t, a n o t h c r gap l vH~ n t y or l h i r t y m i I · · d is l <1 n t , s h ow :1 w h e r ' t h e J b o 1 • a n F r a n · i s '. o fl ow s i n t o l h t> ' a. 1 t r i v e r . F r o m l h · h e s l i n f o r m ation l ('(~ ll collect, the San Franl'iseo comes in from the north; it: vall,•y is narrow an<l murh caiion 'd; goo 1l gra:s a.bot~tuls .all th ~ way. L<' Vonn<'eur, one of roy party, c~amc down that nvcr lll l 11 with a tr.1pping party of forty -eight men. II· tate. lhal they w •n• ronch annoyc•d the whole way by the Apache Indian . , a grt•a.t many or whom n · s i d c on t bat riv er. En! r y ni gh l they w • r , fu· c d upon , and an attempt ma1l, to stampede th •ir mule~. Many trap::> were stolen, ~nd one of their part·. , an old man, who had been in the mountains forly-fivc years, wa::; killed by the Indians in lhitl t'~pc - cli lion. t'iH 1hc junction of Lhr Gila (ltHl ah rivers, tl1crt' is a chain of low :-;errtd<'d hills coming in from both sid ·s, conlnlt'ling the valley considerably. Around ' the South Spur the Uila turn:, making its cour. c in a more southerly dir ·rtion. To tb · east, except wltcr · t h ' s p u r s a ]I'(.' a d y m r n t i o 11 c d p r o t r u d c , t h e p l a i n ex l c n d s as fa r a. th eye can reach. A gr at cleal of Lhl' ]and is eullivalc<l, uul thcrl' is still a vast portion within lhe l l'vel of the Gila thal is yet lobe put undcr tillag{·. Th population of the l>imo and Mari ·opas tog •thcr is stiu1alc<l variously al from lhr •e to len thousand. The f1rst is •yidenlly too low. 'l'ltis peat cful and industrious ru<~ ar in pos,· ssion of a beauti-ful and fcrlilt• basin. Living r ·mote from llt' riviliz<·d world, they arc seldom visill'd by whites, an<l then only by those in distre s~, to whom they g ·ncrously furni:::.h horses an1l food. A~tHtrdi ·nte (brandy) is known amon~ their ('hid' men only, <Jnd the abuse of thi:.;, and the vices which it <'nlitils, arc )d unkllowu. TIH'Y ar .. without other n'li gion than a belief in one grt•at a.n<l over -ruling. piril. Their JH'aceful dispo~ition is not the result of incapacity for war, for they ar' at all times c•nahl<'d to m.t•cl and v::~nquiHh the Apaches in ba~ll.e, ~tnd when we pass<'d, they had ju ~·l rcturnt'd from an exp dliLon 111 the Apache country to rcvcncr some tlt efts and other oulraw·s, with leven . calps and tbirtecn prisoners. 'l'h • prisoner ar so ld as slav'· lo the Mexi ·ans. Th ..l\1aritopa. oc ·upy that part of the uasin lyiug b •tW('Cil ca.JJ p 9'7 and the mou1h of th • 'a ll river, ancl all that bas been sa i ~ l of t h c P i .m o s, i ~ a p p 1 i <:a. b I c to t h em . T h c y 1 i v e in co r d i a l amtty, and th<•u hahtls, agn<'ullur , rc·ligion, and manufa ·lures, a. r t h e sam c . I n t a l u r c , l h c y a r e tall ' r ; t h t· i r n o . ' s a r e m o r < • acp~i lin , and .they hav' a. much readier mann ·r of spca king an<l acting. 1 nol1 ·cd that mo t of the inl rprctcrs of the Pimos w'cre of this lribe, and al o the men we mel with in the spy guarJ. 87 tg n c of the V('rnor ]3oth to be f tlusl In<' on p 'rd, ('lon , >lains; ; ·, tht• h. It ) form Hl the :opas an1l iline I ' in fire·, h ler. )ome )ugh •a ·h the and bout l for . me The orth ·n .Y e m rgr, ycd the the |