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Show 574 Ex. Doc. No. 41. 1 ft when the hill it stood upon washed away. It r~sembled a house, at a distance, very mu.ch. From f the hills we could see the mountaUl of Albu-one o ' . W h d t 1· z ~ 150 miles dtstant. e marc e o-c ay 1. • querque, . 1 f 1 about 18 miles, and crossetl the nver at a goo( on, .. I· nto a remar k"n 'ble bon(l southwest of the Jornada mountam, wagons 01: ,. 1 ·1 b f arn·v e(1 a b ou t 5 , p · m·.' having gone ab.o ut · 11 ·2 mt ehs , a num te r o f I , c ont in the teams to· day, lll<hcat111g t at our ra e o m u t: s ga v C 1. 1. · · h U n travel must be very slow to reach a. 1 ornta wtt . wa.gons. po due con~u1tation, the general dclermwed to remain 111 camp, and send to Major Sumner for mules t~ take b.ack the wagons and other ·ty which we could not neecl tn packwg, and resort at once to praoc-pkeiln g as a means of transportah.o n. Th't s l1 e reso l veel upon, k 11 0 wing what he had passed over ; and , upon t h ~ report of. Carson , who represents the country as worse rather th~n better In front. Leaving, then, to Captain Cooke t.he task of openwg a wagon roa~, he determined as above. A Mexican, Tone ~ , ~nd Corp?ral Claptn were de~pat~hed at midnight, and ordered to nde to MaJOr Sumner before stopping-60 miles. . ... . . . . . . ~~If~~! ... ;;; .{~.it:~ """,-..J.'. .~./.'::<' ,l t . . .Ni"rt~•· 4J>t "' • i;.,N • • .~• ~ -.....-a~n.~ ... - .. ~, ... Sketch of Jornada mountatn .•. L.:.:. ·::!:':-.:. ~ ·-.:";) I . .. \ • -- ' l1l 1. Volcanic. 2. Sedimentary. 3. Volcanic. 4. Chalky. October 10.-Frost and ice in the morning; remained .in camp; Santiago 0 r t z and a 11 o t.h e r N f' w M xi can came into c a J? P w 1 t ~l m ~ 1 ~ for sa 1 c which they sa 1 d tl1 ey got from the .Apaches tn trad tn g, as thi , is !ontrary to the h'NS of thP territo~·y , the general confi~caled all tlJe mul~s they said they hall gotten from the Apaches, and sent them off. Th y said they knew it was contrary to la~, and were willing to submit; the general gave them a paper statmg. what he bad done, and the reasons for it; they then asked for ltcense to trade with the Apaches, which was granted them; they asked leave to withdraw, ancl departed. Grass at camp not g_ood. . October 11.--Ice and frost; the water of the nver getttng col.d; the water is red di h, and d oel' not settle. as so on as that ~f the Missouri; visited a lo cality of rock resem?hng that of chalk 1n ap~earanee about two miles east of camp; 1t outloops at the base ot the Jorn~da mountain, with a difference of ten clt>grees east under the mountain; it Ie ts upon coarse sandstone, or rotten conglomerat.e, and underlies th stratifi(·(l masses o ~ the Jornada; a deep ~as.h ~n the hill is walled with this white rock as an amphitheatre; 1t IS 1n a full state so highly chargell wit? lime, that.' in times pa t, water has formed large masses of tafa ~n the crev1c~s of .the same rock and the adjacent ones in front of 1t; next the nver, 1s a large m~ss of protracted bJark basalt; on the top of the higher hills, a m1le • I I Ex. Doc. No. 41. 575 further east, and resting upon the superi n cum bent strata of the chalky substance, are large masses of lighter colortd trap; near the \ - base of the black vol can ic masses in the be(l of the Del Norte there rises a spring highly charged with ca rbonate of soda; in' fact, throughout the val1 ey of the De I Norte, sod a eilloresces on the sur. face of the bottoms, in many places perfe ctly white. In passing along the river, I saw the trarks of the otter, the catamount the wildcat, the bear, the raccoon, the pole cat, the crane the duck' the plover, the deer, and the California quail. The latter differs from the quail of the United States: the male has a plume of black and the female of reddish feathers, and the plumage of both has ~ore blue in it than that of the United States. October 12.-Laid in camp, wondering why our pack-sacldles did not come; a wish was expressed for a parcel of Irish wheel-cars to transport our baggage over the rough country; the idea may be worth something; a wheel cnr i ·a horse wheelbarrow . All persons who have resorted much to packing for an army, know how destructive it is to animals. C?ctober 1.3 .. -Lt. fngolls arrivP(l with the pack-saddles and the mad, con taJ ntn g general orrl ers No. 30 to 36, and letters which required answering. We had a I ready moved our camp acro.ss the river, to a camp with fine grama ~r.as ; we then ~tay~d all d~y, and completed our work, wrote to fn end~, and closed the door to future communi cation with the State~, as we will now pass into the Apache country, where it is probable no one wi1l dare follow us. October 14.-Marched at a quarter before 9, anrl got off pretty well, as we had almo t a pack for every person· all were busy to the hour of starting, from the general down; bu't our p ack- sad rll es were bad .and our lash ropes worsr; with a few cases of ki cking and no accidents, we made our march down the river (17 miles) and encamped opposite to the mountain San Di ego . T he count:y , J>asserl over was the same pretty much as brfore. The mountain San Di~go appears to be composed of s.trata upheaved, and dipping east, Wl th a steep escarpment on the rt ve r; a l o its river face are seams of b~salt; opposite to it, clipping south, i~ a Joe ~dity of compact blue limestone, probably cretaceo us. \Vest of this is a s1na1l mountain with th~ str.at~ diJ.>ping no.rth, ~vith a steep escarpment to the south; all th1s Withm five or SIX miles; about here our road was m?re bro~en than usual. 1'~1e eastern part of San Diego moun tam appears t? be covered WIth cedar bushes; but at the distance we ar? from 1t, the best spy glass cannot distinguish them from Yolean1e rocks. - |