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Show '] t s '] s r d () I ] r c 490 Ex. Doc. No. 41. were, accoreling to v~n cgas, srvcn storit•s high: and at Tagique the house· w<·r• <•vidcntly S' veral stori<" high. Add to this, that at Q u i \' i r a tb r r c i s y t'l to b P s e l' n t I • n.• rn a i n ~ o f a cpt <' cl u l't '. N o w, I t hi 11 k it < an be shown , t hal t h c p t ' o p I c of Me xi c c, an d its i m m ediatc ,i <' inity built thcrr h o11~1'~ ~<·ver a ! s toric!;; high, while the othN natio11s th at the ~pani :trd -; ~tw did not budd to a greater height than one story. Suit:-. S< ys, the city of lztacpnlpa eo n::-;i 't •d of hott.S('!-1 two and tltn•c• storit·s high. lr1 the city of M<•xico, he m <' n t i on s t b at t b e k i 11 g' ~ j (' s t < • r I o d ~ <' d i 11 1 IJ e s (' r o 11 d s t o r y o f t h c house that l'Ontnincd his zoolog·intl collcc.tions. He a 1so states, that t h t•r e was a t I 11 r k \\ a II , rea c lr i 11 !~ from a n e 1 g h b or i n g- tn o u 11 t a 1 n , with two O]ll'll catral::-; of stone• and limP, of whil'h one w;1s alwa) s in usc \..:ben ·vcr the other rcqutretl <' l<'aning. In another plac.:.e, "ther<· apJH'aT<'d ou one sidl• two or three' rows of pip(·s, made of 1 r c c• s h o II owed, ~u p port (' d by an aqueduct of J i me a n d s l on c." 0 n the other !Jnnd, it i•: sLltl'd "tbat tht• lndia11s of the coa~lrnadc• their hOUS('S of sta }{(•s, intt·rwOH' Il with boughs aucl leav es, bavi11g in many pine('~ no otht.:r houst·s." Tb.r pr<'scnl ruins of buildin.gs that we find at Abio, Quarra, aud ~utvtr.'r, v~ert.: .erected b) ]ncltan s nrrdt·r t!Je drrc•ctron ol tht· SpanIsh prtt·st; we iJIHI ~t.ch mcu a, f.ttl11·r K!no, who settl<·d ~ut.o n~ tht• lncliau s, u.rg-t•d by a :t.e.d for 1be <',lUSt' o{ tir e lroly eros~; :nrc! tltl' .Y ·oon oht.tllll'd :..o !!real :•u rrdlunH:t• Ov<' r the Indians as to I'<' t·na blc cl to CI~·c·t "houo.;t•s, chap ·Is, t<J form 'tllag('s and town:..." Vau<'l{as ffi('O!I OIL a holy man, n :l iTtt'd .Juan P·tdcllas, who wt'ut to Quiv~ra, sh~rtly: rt:r the vto.::tt ot· Flttnc.-t !'Co Coronado. 'l'h<' so !d irry nt>ver st<Hd louli many of tb{l ludi:u1 villag<·~, llt <•y W<'re mor · iuc;lined to scar<h ioi go ld t itan d<' ~i:<'US of in~truding tire uativ<s in arehit e c t u ~ t' , b y. c r t' c t 1 n g . h o' t ~ t: s ; o r i n a r c: h i t c <'I u rt' a n d r e I i g i o n , b y t h c er<•CtJOn o1. chap<.•ls Itt wh1c.:.h tht•y worship< d . In the lllsto ry of ~ l a.v,·gc ~o,. one• will lind mnny tl1in gs which t (lnd to JH C1 : · c t h e m o 3 t ~' t •. tlou ~ sliT I tl a 1 i t y b e t w < • • n t h c a n r i (' ll l 1 a n · s t h at dwelt In N1·w Mcx1< o, and th<· tribe:;; wbiC'h pc·ople th<· region of Anahuac .. Clc~H·gero sa)s, th~y "nilt'tructc·d, in th<ir pilgnm<q~e, J~uny eddJC'.<.'s tn tho·~ pl..c<'H wht·re they stopp<>d for sou1e yc•ar!:l . Sornt ft'lllat'IH are st~ll cx1~ting, ?s \A.c h<nl' alrrady m<.•ntiouetl, ~ Po 11 t h l' ball k s of t lrl' H 1 o U tl a , in Pi m e ria , an d n <' <tr t b c < • t t y of Z " c a t L' cas · " I n a n o t It t• r p I a u· , s p <' a k i n g- o f t h e c m i g r a t i o 11 o ( t h e Aztec~, h<' says, "lt:nirr~ p.tsscd the Rt•d Hiver (ltio Colorado) ~rom bey.l rH.l latitud e 35->, th<.·y J>ror<·ecl<·d toward~ the soutlrttast <~s 1ar as th<• H.10 Urla, :wh 'It: they stop pf•d for some.· tim e; for at pr<.•,' t•nt there arc· ~til l rc•mnm:1 to b•.! s •11 of the' g reat c•clificcs built by tltt•rn on the borders of thn t rirn. ll'rom t cnee, ltaviu cr I'('SIIIIII'd tht·i; Cot.trse towards '>Outb soutl.l(•a":>t, tlH·y stopped in ab<~lt !.W0 of north l<~lttucle, at a pl.t<'L' wlnc·b IS more tb Hn 200 lllilt's cl1 stant frorn the cny ot Chtlrualllta, towards trortb no. thwt'st. This plat:(' is lc 11own Ly. t h.c nauH' ot Case• g1 (/Jidi, on <tc·collnt of an immense <"lifict> still c ~ Is t 111 g ; \\ lu l.lr , ;1 g 1 l' '·.a 61 y t .o the u. rr i v n; a I . t r a d 1 t j 0 n o f t he ~· e p c· o p ll', \\,,..., btnlt by tiJ,. J\J,XI t .. dt<: 111 th vtr JH'IIhrlttationH. This c.:d1ftr.t' is co.ustructl•,l cu tile p lc• n of UtOS(' of .N't·w .M(• . dco; that is, c;onsr:-,ting o1 three floors, wnh n ter.-acc above them, and without auy en- Ex. Doc. No. 4l. 491 trance to th unclrr floor. The door for ntr~nre to the lH1il dinp; is on tll<' seC"ond iloor, so that a ~caling- lrulclc.•r i nt•c(• ; sary; a111l th<' inhnhitants of N<·w Mexico build iu this mnnner, in orclt·r to be 1 rs~ <'XpMwd to th t' attn C' k of tlH• ir rrH'lll i<•!-; putting out t lte ~cal i ng ]a d <l (' r o n I y f o r t h o · <' to \v h n m tit <' y ~~: " c a d m i s" i n 11 i n t o 1 h <' i r hous<'S. No doubt th • A:~.t ccns bad th j :-nmc motive for raising- tiH·ir etltf1t'o"i on the sam • pl an, ;rs <'V<'ry mark ol a f<'ltress is to be obS<' rYed about it, lH·ing d('fc•ndt·cl on OtiC r-; idl hy a lofty mou ntain, and tltl' n •::;t of it bt'ing surrounde·d by a wall ahnut seYl'll f<'ct thick, t h e• fo u n cl n t ions of w b i (' h a r P R t til <'xis tin~. ln tIt<' n·td r c of t !J is \'ast fabric is a littl<' rnonud, made on purpo'<' , by wh;tl appears, to k P <' p g u ;n e 1 o c r an d o b s • r v • t h <' <' n <' m y . T h <' r c h a r <' h c e n so rn c (]itC'hl'S fornu•cl in this ph('(', :1ncl S 'YC'ra J kitchens tlf(•nsils }Jil\'(' b(•('l\ found, s\t<'h ns f•arthcn pots, dishes, jars, ancl li tth• loo] ing gl asscl{ of s toncc; it:~.tli." We are slru<"k with thr grt<' 1. c.;imilarity hetwc' <'ll the'" easa <Yrandt·,'' and the buildings at" AC'otn<t" and the" Pnl·hlo de• Taos." l)id we n<•ctl stronger proof of tlw romrnon origin 11f tltc •w Me ·i <:ans and the A;.-;l<•c.s, we f111d il al:-o in Cia\ igt•ro, in the' follow; ng words: "Besides, from 'l'orqti('Ulada and Bct a11court we havl' pr:oof of it," (he tn<•:tns by it men·ly that the nation : of Ana.lrua. c. C':ltn<' from th • north,)" pn a journc•y madt' b) tl1c' Spaniards, i n JGOH , from N<'w Mcxiro to the river Tijon, GOO miles fr11m thal pro inC'c, t oward:-; the northwest; tht·y found 1hl'n! sOITIL' larg e' <'tl ifin ·~, ;.uul met with ~orne Indians who srok. the 't \.lCllll lanJY\) 0) gc." ., J hit v C m ad <' Ill (Inti '>l l S <' y C r a 1 t i l1l l' s of t h t' Jc i n g cl o tn 0 f '' C i h 0 I 0 ." This kin p;d11m w:-~s c:ornposl'd of sevnt town, ; \\ hich t· al ls to mrrHl that the nations of 1\nahuae wc•re <·,nupoo.: t•tl nf oC'hirnill'a~, TcpalH'Caf', Clwlc!tcsc•, llahin<"a s, 'l'lil scnlans, ColbiiPns, :1t1cl Mt'xir:llrs, s e v (' H i n n 11 m 1 H' r ; an d t h c y a r <' s a i d t Cl h a v e p r e s c r v e d U 1 i s :t rr a n g emt• nt of t ribe·s in all thc·ir wan lf•ring-: . And now l<•t \I S try to lorate the• "Cibolo," <•I' ~Itt' kingclom ~f 1hr bufralo. \Ve fiucl at the JH<'srnt tin.c two plat·t·~ it1 Nvw IVlt· ~~co , wh il'h hear in th<·ir natn<'S traC't'S of l h J:-. "Cibul11." On<• IS ca llt>d '' Cibolll'ta," and the otl •c•r ".Jo) ;-~ d" <' : IJO !Ida.' TIH• fir~t is siluttt•d abo\lt ()0 miles w<•st of tl.P Hir d. I Nt rte; tnc ]attn lS situat<•cl upon th.lt ri.,.cr, opposite the rnouth of tht• Jtio Pu<• rco. V a 11 <' g .1 '4 s t at t • f;, 1 hat V a:.. flU«' z Co 1 on a cl o ltl '' r <" h l' d Cr? m t .h c· ~;c· v < n towns of Cibolo to Tigut', ()II ;1 rin. \\lH.'J'(' }!(• got Llt«•lhp;<·II('C. or Quivira· alld "that a body of Spauiards w ··rc St'nt tlritlt('l', h"Jil~ ~H>O lc·n~urs further, along n l<•v(•l country, bul th inly peopiC'd_." }'rom t hi .· we ] <';1 1'11 that Corouado>s p;nt)' h.ul to man·h ·ornt> dr.~tancc bd'or<' n •adu,g that ri\('r, and th(•n lr;\'1 a Inn•~ IH 't rrh, Ill ord r to n•ach QuiYirn; and tl.at the country O\Pr ,drll:h t}H•y p a ~s <.' 11 was '' a I 1 vI' I country . " . As hn~ bt t>n aln•a dy st. t<'d, Cibol1<•ta is some 5~ 0r .uo mJI(•s wc~ t o fth<· ltto dc•l Nortl'~(whirh is in fa·l tlH' only r.rvN Ill Nc:wM<'XtC'o, and must b1• Ut<' one rcft>rred to on wlti('h 'l'q~u<· ,.,. o~:-< ~ttu;ttt·cl,) .u1d orw c';Jn man:h from Cihollda to Quivira, nucl k c<'P upon n. Jevcl country, going throug lt the pass in the mountains ncar Abo. |