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Show T th "W th sl1 Tl Sa Ri de of Rs Ft nu do .AI Sa Vt RH Tl 15 Cll Ex. Doc. No. 41. ' h antime hall sufficient lei~ure to examine th ruins n~r Ta- . t. e me art of which ar at prrscnt ov r~cl by the town. e no~ tque, P 1 f· 6 t 7 feet high runnmg due north and south, ttccd moun<S IOm o ' . 111 1. t . , ·net . st an<1 wcs t -a n ""' rratJ•Tb Ctn<:nt }H'CUltar tO ba ll<M ta n · OV. n~, cWl ea . • be r tt cncrally adopt<'d y the t'X tcans. e which seems to . p y fg'l<l obe that 1 oo keel as if they had been i·k • lui)SOmcptec so • ' . . t.' ll' f P c < <d b fll'c At one place the mound m<li catcd a uu1 < wg .o burn.c . ybl : . . this we took to hav ' bren a place of worshtp, conlsulfctt~ .c. sl~~lc~;-unccl that the Mexicans callrd it the church. an< a ctw.uc~ t' 1 , , "t] A,. w c <l r c w c·1 o s c to t]1c pres.< ·nt town, we no l Lc < 1s1 ome pt. 0t.1 ) c <·.l igg·. tng car th t o m al"·c •a dob('S'' thcv had exhume< a wa , f'onsts mg J • I 1 . 1 f 2 of atI o b cs w '1t h a s· urf·'1 c·c of 18 by 19 tn<'hrs, anc at u c .:ness o 1 · 1< .A, • )Ursuecl our examinations, we found these m0un( s 1ln' r ·H l' S.l b sw waell sI in•t o chambers not morr t h an or.. 1· ect squar '. '1'1 1esc ~~:\<d ~otyha vc ~rved for slcepi ng rooms, as no one · oul ~l s:rdch out com f or t,,1 bly·, we therefore concluded that •t hrre y muss t ha.vDe br<· 'n t 11 e ] ower s tor .1cs of bttiltlinchr s ' s• uch as thos<' o. i aos, ~. anta om1 l1o - go an< l A c· om.". ., ''l n<l the great mass of d bns1 aroun.< l th1e. seI waW s , sh~ws that thrse buildings were once severa stones ~~g 1.) e sa ·,. s of 1)Qttcry similar to that now uscll at the v:.utons I uE.>b- w ptu e ' I . 1 b 1 1o s,. a ls· o arrow heads of milky quartz,· w tLc 1 tc ar t tc ~am1r pro-portion to the diameter of the arrow 1n prcscn use, as 1~ 1ere re-presented. . . · 1 th t tl ey sometimes found The people who were Ulggmg saH "a l l " b the Aztccas, "lnetates;" these are the ston.cs calle~ met.lat ' Y l .t One is on which the Indians put theu corn, m order to gnn~ ~ · 1 t t likely to observe these mounds unless they arc powf e< ou · h no f . d t ted off and a l('r a marc Bidding farewell to our nen. s, ~e s ar ' < d at the village of 3 miles in a southwestern duect10n, we encampc f d Of cc Tor~c~n" a place contain in~ not more than 20 hofu e:::~1 ormfic in the same m' anner as those at o <1 Cht' l t 1L' . Here we ounu a we 1 . . tl large stream, that bursts forth at once from a gran~ ~P~1;!c1 3uc~: side of the ravine above the town. As we approac ~e ' d 11 d stat1tecl up from the clear water? .they were the t~a tn ~aaw a~b~ ~ n the aft~rnoon, we went to vLslt the town, an t .1ere. ~ oms with which the Mexicans manufacture thetr tdm~s,. or 'Q)ankets- the "tilmcltli" of the Aztccas.* These loom~ arc simtla~ to those one meet!) with in the Un~teJ States, except 1n the con · s.truction which is of the rudest. kmd. ln the ~vening, some of the town folks came to make us a visit; they appeared to be a very gay-hearted set, and we had quite a J I •.see Clt.vigero. Ex. Doc. No. 41. 485 mrrry talk, and a smold'; for men nn<l women arc alwa}s provided with the <'nrnhusk, or shuck, and tobacco to make thc·ir cigarritos. .N'ot•rmbcr 3.-Jiaving- pur!'bast•d some corn at 'l'a~iquc, with wbirh \\ <.: <·ommenccd fccd111g Oil' nulcs, they seem to be less inc l11w d t o w a n d c r a w a y , a n d n o t · ' e 1 :-> n o w 1 o s t i n ('a tc h i n (T t h c m. We• \\<·rc, thcr<' l'orc, off betimes in the mnrni11 g 1 although ,:e a•"a:Il had hut a short warrh, for lhe distance from "Torreon'? to "Manz;t no" does not exceed 8 mil<•s. Ou the road side, we notic ed a great dc•al of the· same species of holly tltat. W~' had seen in the "c;liion infierno." We also saw the "pino11 1" aud the \aril'tic·s of l'edar; one of whi L'h our ~panish guidt• c,ll lt•d "r(•dro," and the othrr ''saviuo ." To the east, and about 17 mil<•s di, tant, th re are several small lal e•s, iuto '"hich the stream::; in this viC'inity cmply tht:ir tribute. Tla ~e lakes ha\e no CJutl<·t, being situated in the bottom of a uasill' 25 miles in width, and 50 mil('s iu length. We <'aught sight of "Ma11zano" when but mi<lway hctw<'en it and our morning's camp. It is one of ll c la.rgc·st tO\\ ns that we l1ave met with on the west side of the 1 ivcr. Many of the hous(•s lnnc their frontR neatly whitcwashl·d, au<l the church has its whole fa~'.ade whitC'washPd with a pr<'paration ()j. <'al<·ined :·wl<•nitc. This rn i 11 n a l is oft <.' n u ~ <' d as a s u b s l i t u t e f o r g I a:-;~ i n win d o w ~a · h c s. When we fi rst ll<':tr<>d tl:(' t<nvn, sC'vcra l of the iuhabitants came out to nH~d us with guns in tb<'ir hands. Tllc people still have a 1 i n g <.' r i n g i 11 cl i n at i o u for t h t o I d go v n n m c n t , a n d a l t h o twIt n on c of tht•ir in::-t1tutions haH· !H'<'n <'han~ed, yd it \\ill be f.onH:h time bfore lh<'y will r<'gn.rd the <·ntrance of Amnicat s otherwise than a~ au intrusio n. We t•nc :Hnpr<l (' lo s<· to an "<H'<'quia." that f<•('ds the• mill: of the town, after pass iug through the moHt C<'tltral streets of the pI ac·t·. N<'ar our camp thrre wafoi a large grove of apple trc('s; ancl on the east side of the town, lH.·ar the moimtains, a S<'l'ond grove. The tre<'s arc plantt·<l Vl'r} close together . Tht•sc grove!:> give the llf\toe to lh(' town 0 r "M <lll~ano. ' In th<• afternoon, we vi!-·ited the to\\ n an(l its Cll\ irons. On the s i d t• towards the moun t a ins, tIt c· r c is a Lu cr <' <lam , <'on s t r u ct e d of <:rib work, 12 feet wide, and 8 feet high, a~d 100 fed long, formed of roug-h logs, and tile interior is filled 11p with stones and enrth. Just 11 ow the I a k c is Jl <'a r] y d r it'd 11 p, a 11 d t h c ) itt I c m iII s that j t s waters 11scd to turn hav(' not su fTi<'icnl pown to grind the miller's corn. Tllt' ~C mills, like t'H'rything f'lsc in N<·w Ml•'\.i('o, arc of ve•r1 primitive sty!(•. 'l'll<'rr is a n·rli<'al n. is, on the low<·r t•nd of whfclt is the water whet-1; the· other end passt·s through the low<'I b u.r r, an d i '5 firm I y co fl n c ct e d with t h c up p c r s l o 11 P, whit h , as tlH·· axts turns, n·volv •f-i upon the lower stonr. Above all l111S 1 hangs a I a r ~ c h o p p e r o f o x- II i d <' 1 k (' p t o p c n a t t h e t o p b y a s q u a r (' f r a ITH' , and. narrowed off towar<ls the bottom, so as to fHe<;(•nt th<• form of an tuvcrted cone. Tn thr cxtrt•mity of the bag is a small o1H:nrng, an~l this is fast('ncd to a little through. One end of thi~ trough bcwg supported by its conrH·xion with the hopp •r, the otJ1e~ rnd, or mouth, is sustained by a horizon tal strip · of wood, of wluch an |