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Show APPENDIX TO PART III: reasonable rate. To this place all the citizens of the town repair tCl purchase. . . . . J11orat8 , 11/annen;, b'c.-There ts notlung peculmt· 111 the man. ners ot· morab of the people of this province, but a much g-reatct• degree of luxury among- the rich, misery among the poor, and a co;·1·uption of morals more genenl.l than in New Mexico. J\s to military spirit they ha\'C none. J\t a mustct· of a regiment of mili· tin at Chihuahua one of my men attended, and informed me that there were about 25 who had lire-arms and lances, 50 \dth bows and ~rrows and lances, and the balance with lances or bows and anows unly. llfilitan; Force.--Thc regular military Ioree of lliscay consists of 1100 dragoons, distributed as follows: On the frontiers of the deserts of New Mexico and Senora, at the forts of Eli~iaira, Canacal, and San Ducnavcntura, Presidio del Norte, Janos, Tulenos, and San Juan Baptist. Farther south arc Chihuahua, Jcroni1r.c, Cay· one, San Paubla, Guaxcquillo,ancl Conchos, with several other places which arc appendages of those pollitions. The complement of each of those po~ts is 150 men, but may be avct·aged at 1100 in all, say 100 at each post. The militia arc not worthy of particular notice. Rf'giliou.-Biscay is in the diocese of Durango, the bishop's salary being estimated at IOO,OOO dollars per annum. The catholic religion is here in its full force, but the inferior clergy arc very much dissatisfied. The people's superstition is so great that they arc running after the holy father in the streets, and endeavoring to kiss the hem of his garment, and shoulu the bishop be passing the street, the rich and poot· all kn.cel. Ilistory.-T shall not presume to say any thing on this subject except that I believe this province has been populated about 270 years. . Geogmft.lly.-SENOllA lies between the 33° and 27° N. latltutle and 11oo and 117° vV. longitude. Its greatest length ft·om north to gouth is about 420 miles, ~nd its width from cast to west 380 miles. It is bounded north by New Mexico, west by California, south by ~i· naloa and the gulf, east by Biscay and New Mexico • .llir and Climate.-Dt·y, pure, and healthy generally, but ncar the gulf the ground is marshy, and it is, in some of the districts, unhealthy. fi-fines, lt1incmls, and Fot1sils.-On this suhj ect I can only speak in general. Senora abounds in rich gold and silver mines, but mo.rc especially the fot·mer, inasmuch as the ~old docs not preserve ItS usual exchange with silver in this province. General Salcedo toln APPE~DIX TO PART III. we that in thi-; province the la q.~c'>t piece of pure goltl had been found ever vet (liscovcrcd in New '--ip.1in, and that it h~d been st.:nt to the ),in ~; to .be put in hi:;, cabinet of cu riosities, &c Hiv('1'S. -Rio de I' Ascencion is a short river which enters the gulf of California abo11t the 31$ l • latitude. Hio Yaqui hcatls on the borclers ot Bi.,cay and Senora and dis· charges itself into the gulf of Califor!lia at Guy ~1mns at the 28~ N. latitude. Timbt·r, Plain.'!, and Soil.-This province is, like Biscay, destitute of timbet·, but has !lome rich soil ncar the gulf . .!lnimah·. -There ,lt'e deer, cabrie, ~md bear; there arc also remarkably large lizards, which arc said to weigh ten pounds, and are perfectly harmles~, tamed by the inhabitants and trained to catch mice. Pojw/n.tion and C/Jir:f To1u11s.-The population of Senora may be estimated at 200,000 ~ouls, of which tht·cc·twentieths probably arc :::ipanial'ds, tout·-twcnticths Ct·eolcs, six-twentieths Metifs, and seven-twentieths ludians. Arispca, the capital of Senora, and t\ntil 20 yeat·s past the seat of govcmmcnt of the internal provinces, is situ.tted in 31° N. latitude and 1110 \V. longitude, neat· the head of the river Yaqui. It is celebrated throu ghout the kingdom fot· the mbunity and hospitality of its inhabitants and the vast quantity of gold table utensils made use of in theit· houses. Its population is 3,400 souls. Sonora and Terenate at·e the next cities in magnitude in the province, the latter to the north and the former t0 the south of the capital. T 1·ade and Commerce.--Scnora trades with New Mexico and Biscay for the productions of those different provinces, and with Old Mexico both by land and sea, through the gulf .of California. It is celebrated for its cheese, horses, and sheep. Agriculturf.--They cultivate the same as in lliscay. .llbo1·igines.--Thcre are a number of savage nations bordering on Senora, which oblige the king to keep up a number of military posts on the north an<l western frontiers ; but the names of the tribes, ot· any of thcit· distinguished characters, I am unacquainted with ; however, it may not be improper to observe that they are armed with bows, arrows, shield and lance, like theit· savage neighbors. The civilized Incllans at·e in the same situations as in the other provinces. Go·11ermnent and La'lus.--Similar to Biscay, the governor be .. 19 |