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Show APPENDIX TO PART IlL cn9t aud San Panbla ft·om the west, where we struck the Conchos. lt oppcar·cd to be neal'!y as large as the Hio del Norte at the Passo. The Hio Sun ])uubla is the larg-est wostcr·n branch of the Con· chos, and Leads in 28° so' N. latitude, and empties into the latter· al Bakinon. Its whole course is about 150 miles: .in summer it is nearly dry, and in the rainy seasons impassable. The Rio rlorido takes its rise in JutitucJc 26 1-2 N. and after· a cow·sc of about I !10 rrailes, discharges itself into the Conchos Guaxcquillo i~ situated on itt~ cast bauk .about its ccntr·c. The Hio Nassas is in part the line between Giscay and Cogquilla: it runs north anti sinks in the Jake du Cayman ; it is nearly dry in the dry sc<tsons, bnt at some seasons it is impassable. Lakc8.-Lac du Cayman ancl lac du Parras arc two small lakes, sitnnted at the loot of the mountains and at·c full of fish. Animal~;, insect:r, b'c.-Ther·c arc some few bear·s, deer, and '\vild horses, but they arc not in abunduncc. The scorpions of Du· t·at1go arc ouc of the most remarkable instances of the physico! effects of climate or air that I ever saw recorded. They come out of the walls and crevices in May, and continue about a /onnight in such numbers that the inhabitants never· walk in their houses aftct· nark without a light, ancl always shift or examine the bed· clothes and beat the curtains previous to going to bed, after which the curtains ut·c secured under· the becl, similar to the precautions we take with our· musqnito curtains. The bite of those scor·pions has been known to prove mortal in t\vo hours. The most cxtraordiiMI'Y circumstance is that by taking them ten leagues from Durnn~ go, they become pet'fectly harmless and !ose all their vencmous qualities. Quer'Y, Docs it at·ise from a change of air, sustenance, ot· what other cause? Poftulation and Chiff To7vns.-The population of Biscay ma}' he estimated at 200,000: of these tluce-twcntieths may be Spani• anls ft·om Europe, five-twentieths Creoles, five-twentieths Metifs and Qnatroons, and seven-twentieths Indians. Durang-o was founded in 1550. It is the principal city, the ~cat of govc;·nment for the province of Biscay and of the bishoprick of Durango. Its population may be estimated at 4·0,000 souls. It is situated in 25° N. latitude and 107° \V. lougitude. Pallalein, situated somewhere at the foot of the Sierra Madriat is suppose<~ to contain 25,000 souls. Chihuahua, the place of residence of the commandant gene· ral of the intcmal provinces, was founded in 1691, is situated in 29° N. latitude, 107° 30' \IV. longitude. Its population may bo cs~ t-irnatcd at 7,ooo. It is an oblong square, on the cast side of a small APPE~DIX TO PART HI. stream wlaich discharges itself into the river Concho!';. On its south extremity is a small but elegant chmch. In the public SCJUUre stancl5 the principal church, royal trl'asury, to"n-housc, and the 1·ichest shops. At tlae wc5tcrn extremity is another church for the military, a superb hospital, Lclonging formerly to the Jesuits' po~sessions, the church of the monks of St. Francis, St. Domingo, the military academy, and quartel del tropn. Ou the north-west were two or three missions very handsomely situated on a small stream which comes in from the west. About one mile to the south of the town is a laq~c aqueduct which conveys the water round it, to tlae cast, into the main stream below the town, in the centre of which i~ raised a reservoir for the water, from whence it is to be conducted hy pipes to the different parts of the city, and in the public square is to be a fountain and jet d'cau, which will be both omamental a11d useful. The principal church at Chihuahua was the most superb building- we saw in New Spain. Its" hole front was covered with statues of the apostles and the different saints, set in niches of the wall, and the windows, doors, &c. ornamented with sculpture. I never was within the doors, but was informed by Robinson that the decorations wcr·e immensely rich. Some men, whom we supposed entitled to credit, it,formed us that the church was built by a tax ol 12 1-2 cents laid on each ingot of gold ot· silver taken out of the mines in the vicinity in --years. Its cost, with decorations, was 1,500,000 dollars, and when it was finished there remained 300,000 dollars of the fund unappropriated. At the south side of Chihuahua is the public walk, fot·med by three rows of trees whose branches nearly entwined over the heads of the passengers below. At different distances there arc scats for persons to repose themselves on. At each end of the walks there were circular scats, on which, in the evening, the company collected and amused themselves with the guit~.u·, songs iu Spanish, Italian, and French, adapted to tho voluptuous manners of the country. In this city, as well as all others of any consideration, there are patroles of soldiers during the night, who stop every person at 9 o'clock and examine them. My countersign was "Americans." T1·u.dc, Commerce, and .lllanufactures.-Discay trades with North Mexico, Senora, and the vice-t·oyalty, from lhe latter of which they bring on mules all theit· dry g-ootls, l:mopcan fmnitm·<", books, ammunition, &c. They fumish a grc:ll q\tantity of horses, mules, sheep, beeves, goats, &c. to t!1c parts of the l<ingdom which arc more populous and have less spare grounrl for pastmagc, &c. Some 'Persons make large fortunes by being the carriers f1·om 1\Iexico to |