Political text-book for 1860 : comprising a brief view of presidential nominations and elections, including all the national platforms ever yet adopted ... with the most notable speeches and letters of Messrs. Lincoln, Douglas, Bell, Cass, Seward, Everett, Breckinridge, H.V. Johnson, etc., etc., touching the questions of the day : and returns of all presidential elections since 1836

Page 108

A POLITICAL TEXT-ROOK FOR 1860. lO be r~grctled th ,tt m'stn.ken amhilt.:r.l or the hope o f J ls n ~;rrnt cnr~e--(lnc o f the r.trr •tLest rvlu 1 promotut!-{ a pnrty tt:lutnph shoultl have tempted any 1 been illtt·r·1..-o1·en into our syst;m 1 ~r 1 ~~t ~?uld have P llne to rat:;e tl11:s quc~tto ll n~t:till. Hut in an e\'11 hour thi:1 , ont~ of those ,~hom t ht'sc po;11• wn.'ll'ht:~ c';ll ltltlman, n.m andor:L's hox of :'lal' t't'\' was Ol{uiu open d by wh·tL l J Hot l a!:!k th elll· l f · .I I I II . I. : m:rs er; 1 <lo cone i ·c t 1 · ·If' 1 1 ' ' lt!t 11111 c 0 1 ,._ 1 n te an IIIIJUH HI! r tttlt•mpt. t.o force ~lavery :tla ! ::;ir the v are !Sla\'e~ and "ll <,' ..t H1'l ll ll't-.l l !· but .yl 't • In to h.amws b.v :.tt't'pt·alof th.c l\l'~~nuri Compromise, Hntl llhapc. it~~; no d oultt ' tmc tlt::~~~;;~r~ ',l.\Utll~. in any the flond of 1.!1 tl~ ll'lW swclhng and thrcall'ning to over - l~u roJle hr lllorc d ·••r·:tl" I tl el .ut p~tSOnJi in throw ti,t ~· ('o II' t' ,. 1 ' '"' ' ' 1 11111 our s avt •s WOI'RC fe 1 1t u ton, 11111 !oW ecp n way the foundat !on worse c lot !ted etc. · l.ut ~lr thl I• f· . f . ·' . • 1 ' o:.tl.'C (, <l\'C I'Illllt·lll it~t'l f, lllld delli!{C this land With fra- nCf,:rOl'S ought' to h~ ~I;W~S. t ~ ~ oll l OIII )liOV!ng that t e1 n,Ll IJiond, uwy all he traced to this unfortunttte net. J ohn Handolph of Ylrf,:lnh -~lr J , · Wh ~tt:::vt·r llllght have h('en the motive, few acts have head nor li<'art of 'that mun fr~;n the' 'urct'l~'·'., 'H'.I~t~rl the tve~ been so barren of good, and so fruitful of evil. to llcf~nd ~lav ery upon prluciple. '' to I c~ tcrc EDWAHD ~:\'.l<:ta:T'I'1 S OPINIONS ON SLAYJ<:RY. TilE following is au <'xtract of n. speech of M r: El'el'l'rt, <IL•li I'<.~ red in t.ltc House of Hcprcsen­taLJYrs, ~[ arch 9, I tl:W. (~cc Benton's Auridrr- (. l' 0 ~CR. C A~J nRt·:t'ENO's v' ~: w:-l. ~htu·cl.'ill 0. Camhr('ICni-(, of N. Y., (forn 11·rly of N. C -lite guJtl•tnan fr~m l\la~~achusctts h its !-(one too f· .) lie hns •xprt:,:s~cl OJ•lnlons which oug-ht. n ot to tv11pe wl~r: out animadversiOn. 1 llcnrd th cltl with t'fJUn! ~urpl'isu \ r egret. 1 wns afltoni~>hed to h •ar lti ltl dct'111r, llt·tt ~I IUH rn ellL o ougre:-:sional lJcb:ttcs vol. P'I"C 711.) ' ' 'o I "t' ~I " . .• IIV~t·y H avin;;, toul'hed upon this point, I ou ght, perhaps to O.tld that, tf .u.'~.rt.! arc any members in this llousc o f timt cia~" _ot }H>hl! ~Hllts to wlt o tll the gentleman from North C.u ohna 1,\1 r. !"autHh-rt~) alludt:d, ns luwing the disp osition 1th ouI !{hl 'n ot. tt.h e p.o wer, to d. i!;tu.r h the COill J >rott11,~ e COll i II , 1' t net ll ! IC on~ llu t 1011 Oil LittS j)OIIIt1 l lllll 110t Of the lltllnhcr -;-t Ont~ tc' aH: ry-~n.v what you" ill, is a condition of '!.fc, as wt•!l as an.~ o th e r, to be jnHtitied l•y lli!Jt"ditr, rt·li­g l~n! and llllt'rn at lonal law; and wlwn nt !Itt• t'lo.~c· of !tis opllll~n It ' solemn!,,- cl eclnrt•<l that tlti.i " ns ltb confcs-ion of fatllt, I lamented, sincerely lamentt.!d, tha t · -T--" Star <'y<·tl ~<'il•nr<' l'<honld h:n 'l' wand•·r··d th1·t·e o hrlng us loat·k tiH· lll\'!IS:tgt• uf d!·~o-pnfr. '' Netth ·r au1 1 Olll' of Lho:;e citizt:HS of the North to whon; ll<IH?tll er .houom hie ~L·ntlt·uJ:tn rcfcrrt•d, In a puhlicatlou to 1\ In ch htd ~lam~ lin~ HIIIJHcl'lltcd, who would think it 1 . m0rul ~~ll tl lrr,• ltgions to j oiu in putting down a scr 11 !n_ surn.!CLion ,'! t the ~out It: J am 110 Holdie r, sit·; my \,~h~~s ~tn <l c~lw·a .ton Htc Vl't'y unmililiLry, l>nt there Is no cause w wl11clt I would sooner Lmc klc It knapsack to my bttek an. dI ' pIu t• a I rnI u~ket .o n my sltou!dc r tlt ·tn th•tt I 1 t' I • • '• \f0\1 l C< t ~ l :c w 10 c ~o11tuu:nt to any one wlto would take ilr-- to .1-. ngland, t~> I• ranee, to f\pain; 1 would sec it sunk in tltc hn~~mt nl the oct· an l•t:forc 1 would sec any p ·t f tid.:; ~Ill!' Atucrka COIIVl·rtcd iuto u contint:nlal ita~:~•i ~, Umt .twfnl prO('t.!sS of hlood~lted ancl desolation h.r' wt' I·f nlon~ su<lt ll ('il!·:t'-lropltc coultl he broug-ht on. 1't'he ·~e~tt r e latiOn t•f sen tt udc, in ~0111e Conn or othe r with rr ~ t , . or l.e~.s .cl<·par~ure from thu theoret ic equality of ¥.1,~:~ ~~ t.nscp,tr.tble ftom onr nature. 1 know of 110 ll" tV hy whft the form of tlti~ !:Wnitude shall he fixed but po·l.iti . 1 i ll'. ' tution • Do ttH • ·t' SJ ' • c,\ n!l I· H tc • a v~r·y- though 1 conf~~s not tl . t form of s~rviludc ~vhich Mcems to he the most hc'nell·l· 1 1t1 '~1e mustcr-certalllly not that wlti!'l1 is most bcnefi ~.:\ t 0 t lC scrvanlr--i!l not., in my jndf.:'ment to be set downc·I,L o JJ\~noral an'! irreligious relation. I 'cannot admit ti t~~;~~ Bg1on has !Jut one r oice to the slwe ·11111 tt1 ~ • tl 't" · f.s , "1\J',: :;eng:' unstyourMnstcr." ' No t s' ir· th c'N"e w'I l"'' VeO~ItC· C mentsay~;~, "~IILVt.!S, obey your l\Jast ~ rs .;, and th ou ;h ' 1i kno~v full we ll that, In the IJeni"n:tnt O},)Cl':ttio:l or ()~ris­tJantty, ,~·hlch gathered maste r and slave around the s·une ~OHJmumon- taiJ ie, this unfOI't unatc lnst it ut ion clis·tpp e.' . 1 Ill l'~ur~pc, y~t r c.a nnot ;ultnit that while it sul>~ists ·~~~:! '!h •re It :suh!:lt~t~, lts duties a re not J;resupp osccl aJ;d ~anc­tlOned b,v r ehg-ton. I certainly nm not calletl u l t m e?t thu chat·f,:eS hrou~ht against this Instit ution ye1t 0t11~ut~ oiJhgel! me to say a word more on the stti>J. ·ct' I k the. c on<l I't 't on o f working classes In other count d· es. I· n·ot w ~~~~mately aCIJUa~nte<.l with it lu some other countt:i~H ~~~~~ . ,Lve no h c:;lt;tt ton tn saying that I believe the sh ' I Uns country arc l>~ttcr clothed and fed and less, l~t'~ l! n work~d, than the p eas!lntry of some of the rn ost l r on.l < •! ou~ . taLes of tltc continent of Europe. Conslu erspi~:~ <;hecks on population. What keeps POI)Ulatio ll dOwll 9 fJ (' :ert.v, want, Htarvatlon, disease, and a ll the ills of lif •: :os thctie that clt~ck POllUI:\tlon all over the world N e' If, !'lr, nmon~ the wilcl visions o f C: c rman phi!o~o >ltv I lt,ad .·vcr read ted condusiOIIR like this; if' i11 t,J1e Aut'w '0r ~oOUII1g"\'ll 1' hlld t' I'Cr JlC~!IIIIl<IC<I lll,YSdf to !ldnpt ll po!it i­CII IIlHlXi!n RO ltos tilc to hhe ral lnstltution)l and t1 1c rights of mankmtl, I wonld hnvc lorkrd It up forever In tiH· 1 'k­cst chambers of my mintl. Or· if 111y zt·al had bee 1 at' ardent fot· my <li!:ll'rc tion, this plncc, itt l<·a~t, ~hnultl ~c\·~~ Ih·a ve hce n the tlttutrc of my e lot1ut'll ('C !\11 • 1·,. 1·r 1 ll 1 · • • , o , HlC 1 t,H >een my < o~~lnm·s I would ha ,. ' t urnc<l my hack fo . ever on t;JY natll'e Janel. .Ji'ollowing the rou 1·~e of" 1/e dark r ol llnf,: Danube," nn<l cuttlnf.:' my w:1 v 'H'I'o• o1 e Eu:-.in •, l would lt:J. ve viHitcd a wcll-kllown m;trl~l'l ~r' Co~­s t a n\inople , and there prenchcd my doctrine amid~t the rattling chains of the wr~tch •<I cnpthe" r-. ·w ~~ 1 woulcl have gone from, tht•nce, !LlHilaitlmy · fon·l·,~·:;d 'u~:on the footHtool of the ~ultan, and hci'OH ).!'h t him to set his foot tl} ~on my n eck, as the recreant citizen of a rec reant Rcpubhc . l.:OWARO J.:V ERI-:1'1' ON OF.OOH APIII CAL PAHT!F:S. Dnt, sir, 1 nm not preparecl to admit th at. g,.ngrnph!cal ~n.rtlcs fl;e tl!e gr~at~· 'L evil this countr.v h:tH to f~ a·r. I nri,Y or .lll I<Jncls, II) Its exeCS!~, is Cl' l't.a inly tltr. bnne of our lll~llt.utlons ;, ani! I will not take up the time of lids omtnlt.tee lty dlSJ~Ulin g which Is 111ost <ldelcrinn", ar~cnic or.laudanum. 1~ tst·nough that they an• bolh fatal. Tire t'~ 1 ! of ge?grapl.nc!ll pnrtit:s i~, that tht'Y lt•nd to ~C I'(•r t-llc lmo~., 'l h' cv1l of <i Oill('Stic parti~s i~, that I hi'\' reuclt·r th l: Umon not worth hadng. I l'(' lllemlwr th~" iinw ~ir thou~h I wa~ lJUt a hoy, when under t!H· inlhtl'lll't~ of do~ mcstJc pn.rlle., n car neighbors did uot speal;; 11 ltt•o olcl :tc.q.~n~~~tanc.es glare~! at each other aH lht•y JIH'-~t·ll In the t~ lt tcls, when .rnu tmgltt wreak 0 11 n ma n all !Itt• hittc rn e~s ~/.your P<·rsonnl nntl private en111ity, :Lncl ~rind him iuto >c. dust,, If you hac! the power, and sav, Itt• is a Democrat h · IS a -" edcmllt-~t; he dt·serves it. Y cR, sir, wiH•n party ~plt·lt pur:;urcl its vktim from the halls or ltgi,!nt ion from the fonun, from the market-place, to what should h1c t.he sanctuary of tile fireside, and lillcclltl':trLi that woultl have bled t.o spare cadt other a pnng wi th colcln t>s~ unci e~­;~: tngcment. Talk not to me of yot:r geogmpltic:nl parti t•8. 1 here <loes not ll\•e the man I thauk God on enl'!h to­wal'tl whom J han• an unkind 'emotinn-l)n~ whose J'iglrts I would ln,·ade, whose fe e lings I would wountl. But if th e re <:ver should l!c a tn<tn to whom 1 slton!tl . tancl In that n.11serahlc r e ln.lton, I pray that nH>ulltaitts mav rise, that rrvcrs may r oll between us- that h e mav m·vc1: cross ~ny p;~tlt, n or I his, to turn the swe<•tJWSR of l;n nHllliiHture JttLo h1tteruess and gall in uoth ou1· hosoms.-,'>;;e1•c/t in lite llou .. ~e o.( R epre8entat4ves 1 2G.- Bentun'& .D~ bales, vot. 8, 1'· 7t:J. ' MR. F.VER~:TT'~ llr~WS IN 1837 and 39. tc sl:Lve pupulatton of the nitcd t:~.tes increase' f· 0 ~' U.wu the wlllLt.!, tl11l'ters lncludcd. What is the in~ • ,tstc: as to the phylilcal condilion of the tiVo c lasses of . e:~nc~ ~hese :ue. opllllons I have long entertained 'L~~~~~~~. smce P!!IJI.icly JH'ofessed on this subject and wl',ich I I g r epe;tt m a.nswur to tho intimations t~ which I I . lCrle r c ad,v alluded. Hut, sir when Slavery co , tla.ve a­Into tho Uoustitution as a. i1olltical elemenlr--;IJ~sn ~~ enter to atf.:~t the di:Mibution o r p ower nmongat the St· ~rne: the Umon, that Is a tn!Ltter of agreement If I ' \es o R!{reem~nt ou this suhject, I will adhe re to It lik:: t~a.~~ but. l Will protu~;t agnlnst any Inferences being rr . I f ' it ltke that which was made by the honor•\l>le l.lt e rom thef:e resolution::;. I will protest a gainst 'pop ~ro.~er of ;/'~~~Ls~:;~;.' being lnc rea:scd IJy the ratio of ~~~~~-1h~: Oct. 14.th, 1837, IIon. w ·m .• Jn ckson, of New· ton, ~.ra.ss., wrote to Mr. Everett n. long Iotter co ntn.uung the followino- questions: MR. MITCIJELL1S VllnVS. Mr. Mitcht•ll, o r TenucRsee.-Sir I do not go the len th ~~~:~een~:~~~lc~11:~ ~ •. fro~1 Ma!!SO\ChtU:Ctt.s, ami hold that ~he Ou the coutntry' lry r:,~hlsl country.\$ altnl)~t a hlc~<sin~t. • arr um Y sctWed to thr opinion tlmt it Do justice, lmmnnity and sound policy alike re· quire that tlte s laves or this country shouJj lle em·mcl-pated? · ' , Ts It, tl~ e l'ight and duty o f the citizens of the non­slav ·holchng ~t~tte!l to require of the Ocn eral Oovern­rnent. the abo lition of Slavery In the Di::~trlr.t of Co­ltuni. Ha f ED\V .ARD EVERETT'S VIE'WS 0 ~ 8LAVEftY. 206 18 It j nst .H ~:tfl', 1\ ltlt regnnl to our foreign rclntlons lit. I will only SR,Y, that If, a t this moment, when nn nll- ' ud tl om~stit; cot ,..,JI:wt, to at.lmlt 'l't!XtlS luto the Union? impo rL:Lut cxper!mcnt is ! 11 train, to aholblt :-<lav •ry hy p eaceful nnd legal mctws iu the Hritbh West lntlies, J\llt. t•:n RETT 1 ~ R EPLY. I the Uuitcd :-itate~, !n!l teatl of imi tati11g the\r cx:tmple, o r • even awaiting the rcl!ult., shou l tl rush inti) It pulky o f BosToN, 31xt Octobet·, 18~ .. I giv tng llll indt.!lln!te cxtcn::~ion to , 'lan·ry O\'l!r n VIL~t !lim : 1 have d .ti,V rc<'elved your communica tion o f the re~,:;o n incorpO!'IUcd Into their Union, we shoultl Kl:wd 14~h i n~t !u wltit'lt j ou clesirc to he furnbhecl with my I coudctuned before the civilized world. It 11 c ul<l be r ain ·icws 0 11' cl'rtain qtll·~ ti o n~ thert·in J>ro poundctl. l ' 11d ·r to c·xpccL to gai11 credit. for any further profl'~~io1111 of a ~ther circutmtnll<'e", I !.llould <lccm it proper to preface ' will ingness to he rid of ~lave ry as HOI)II as JHl"l'tihle. .:o DIY 1111:;11 c1• with Home p r e li•.nillltry r ennu·k:s. but my en- c:-te11natio11 o f ill! e xistence, on the grnuntl uf itlllmdng gt~~ .111e 11 t," 111 th<' p• c!lent tttnc compel me lo n .: ply as bc·en fnrct:tl upo11 the country in It~ colonial sl<ttt.!, would conc!sclr 1u; po~~ilJI L'. tuty lou~-;er a,·;Li! UH. It would he tltOnghl, anti thought lu 1111;11 ·r to the lin;l que!'! ion, l ob~er vc, th1tt ~ l avery justly , that lust of power and lust of g<Jid lt:Ltl ntatle u~ hcin~, h.Y nniver~:d :ultni.~~i.on, n social, Jl ~litlcal, ~.Lilli duaf to the ~oice of humanity and jn.stice. We should moral evil of t.ln.: flr.~ t llta~ntl.t lllo, It ill r ct}Utrcd hy .lltli· he sclf-t·onv tcted of the enonn0n'! cnmc of lmvlng vo­tice hunm11ity, t.tHl HOUHtlpolicy that the s l:tveH ~houl tl lu nt:t l'i ly given the grc:ttc~L pos~iblc enl;trgcmcnt to an be 'e1111111dpatl'tl hy t!to~c having COII!!titutlona!ly the evil, 11ltidt in conr~r t with the t est of nuwkin<l, we power to ctl't'ct th:tl ohjt!ct, Ill! soon ns it can !J~ done ha<l u ll\.:c t :d to deplore, lln cl th:tt at a. time when tho peacefully, and in " mat:ncr tn I.Jctter the con<httOn of public sentimcnL o f the civilized world, more than at the enut11cipated. l l• elt '''l' tho mo!!t cons!clcrut.e pot·- any fL>rmer p ·rio<l, i:-1 1u·onHc<l to it'! maJ.initud!•. tion of the peopl\' o f tltc United ,'Lutes, in every quat ter, 'J'herc are o t111•r oltjcction!! to th • mea>~nre drawn frOID unite in thi~ setttim ent, ; anti you arc awn.rc that the its bearing on our foreign relations ; but it is unoeccs­mo~ t eminent ::lout hem names can ue citctl in Its !!up- ~ ~;ary to discul!s them. port I nm, flit·, respectfully, In reply to the secon<l quest.ion, I wou ld rcrnnrk, th1tt Your ol>cdicnthcrvnnt, all the consitlcmllons in favor o f emancipation In the .!!:ow AltO Ev.t:KI,TT. States apply with equfll force to the JJistrlct o f Co- IIos. WtLLIAM J .\ C h:SO ~. In 1 8:'~1 , the following que Lion~ wPrl' put to ~[r. Everett. by Jlon. A. Bonleu, of ~lassll~.:hu ­St ·LLH: Jumt;il. ~l y opinions on this suhj e<:t arc fully expressed lu the resolution ;tdoptctl lly th' l cgi~ lature last winter, wiLh a n car npprn:~ch to un;tnimity, in the following terms: '' ltcKolvcd, That Cougress having cxclu::~ive legis­lation in the l>lstrict. of Colu111hia, p oH~c.ises the right to aboli~h t'l:Lvcry in the said Di:-~trict, and thllt itt~ e:-. e rci~c 1. Arc y ou ln fnvor of lmme<liate aboliti on hy Ia'~ of should only llc rc:.tminetl l.ty regard to Lite public Sl:tvcry in the District of Columbia ant.l of the slave tmllic good." 1 IJeLwt.!cll the ~ ta t cs of tlrls Union? 1 know that the Rlavc-tt·ade Is carrie<! on ton. shockl11g 2. Arc you oppol!Cd to the a tlm'ssion into the Union uf extent in the District of Uululllhia. 'J'herc is no part o f nny new States the constitutions or whil;h tolerate domei:I· U1e !:\outh, where it 1M reput:Lh lc to h e engaged In thit~ tic 'lavery? IJ·allic;,alltl ~ll) ~\IU~h<:rn ;-\tate, I :lll1 per~ua<~~~l, woultl The followin cr was Mt'. EvcrctL':; reply ; penult Its e x tstcrtcc 111 1tt1 own Cllj)lt<ll, u~:~ tt exrsts at the o - tmt!onal capit:LI. The South and the North o u ght to WASHtscno..-, 0 •t, 2i1 1S39. unite in proltihlting it, hy !Let o f U~n.gre~s-wh!ch Is the DF.AR Srn : On Saturday lnst J only n:ecivetl yout· J e~ locallegi lature o f th ~ l?rst~·ict. 'Ilus has been loudly ter of the 1 tit, p ropounding to 1111.! certain iuterroJ.;nto called for, frou~ .the Do::.tnct. 1t~elf. 1 have before me a rles ancl c t\rllct!tly rer1u csting an e:'lrly an'l wl·r. You are copy of lt pctllton , couched 111 very str.ong l an~ua_gc, aw1{r e that several r c:~olvcs Oil the suhject nf th l.!ge in· uga!n~t ho~lt ::;!:~~cry and the Hlavc-tra.dc m. t.he D1:;trtct quirie!:! and their kiu<lre<l to pics, accompanic<l by n. re­of<.: ulumlna , ~~ltt c h was presented to COI,'J.l'ICSS In 1 24, port we re in troduced into the ::<enatc of the Common­s.~ n u d hy nenrly l'il'Ven hundred and llfty names of wealth yeal' before last by a j oint commitlec o f the two citizens of \\'a~h , ngt.o n , several o r whom were known to ho~ses' of which the l~mcuteu Mr. AJ\·ortl wa~ chult·­rnc to he of 1 he li rst considcmt.ion. I may ohscrve in man. ' tJt!s connection, that at the samu llCS~ion , I voted i.tt the Those resolves, after having been sonwwh;tt enlarged b)' ueKativu ou a II1'1Lion to lay upon the tal> !e the petition amendment, were nt.loptcd by the legi lattu c. 'J'hcy :LJ.I· of the American An: i-Siavcry Hocicty fo1· the tLbo liLion o f penr to cover the whole grouncl of your two intct·rogn­~ lavcry in the DisLt ict o f ()olumiJiu, an<l on two other to rics. H a ving ch eerfully coup cr;Lted in t he }lllStHlge o r motions, lntend t.!ll, In like nmnncr, to tleprive this cht.~s the resolves and concurring in thegent•ralreason ill~ by of pc~ition::1 o f a re . .;pcct ful r eception anti cou::~idcru.- which they ~re sustained in the powt.!rful report o f the tion. chairman o f the committee, I re::~p ont.l to IJoth your irr- The last question propounded by y ou refers to Ute quiries in the o.tnrmatlve. annexation of T e xas. lL presents the suhjcct of Sla- The fi rst of the t h ree subjects in your in quiry is tho very, in mo:~t. of it:~ beari11g:>, In a n ew light. In the only o u c o f them which came hcflll'c Congrl·ss whilu 1 Statcil, its intro<luction wa~ the re~ult of a l egi~:~latio u was n member. 1 voted in the u e~ati1·c oil lite motion forced upon the colo n ies, nn<1 in many cases, in det!pite to lay upon Lhc table the petition of the American Anti; or act~ l l:LS~ed hy their lcglslutor!:!, fo r the prohibition Slavery 'oclety for the abolition of • 'l.tvPry in the I) is­or the slave-t.r:tdc, a nd rcgltl:ttcd hy the crown. 11::1 ex- trict of Columbia an1t on other motion~ of the like dwr­lstcncc I~ rccognizetl hy t.ho Uoustitutlon o f the United actcr introduced i.o cal!t 0 u· the COibiueration o f this class State~. 'l'ltc ri gh\.1:1 o f property J.:I'Owiug out of It fl rEI in of petition!!. , some degrcu protcct cct by ln.w in tlw n o n-slavcho ltling lam, dear sir, very r espectfully, your fttcn!l an<l sct'- Statc~ t~cc tlte opinion of ()hicf Justice 'haw in thu vant. ca~e of the ()omnwttwealth v.~. Aves-an oplulon in the doctrine~ and p rinci ple~ o f which I fully concur); and morality nn<l n·ligion frown ou :til attempts to put an tnd to It hy violence t\t l(! hlood:~hed. llut. none of these princ;plc~ couutcntwtc a voluntary extension of ~hLvery; and as thu que,;tiou of annexing 'l'exas Is one of volun­tary, and :LituoHt ho u n <!less c :'l.t ension, it presents tlte subject, a~ 1 have :mit!, in a new light. lt has been ofli­EDWAIID h:VY.HUT. H o N. NATUANit<L A. llOHDRN. '!'he "sevct·nl resolves" to which ~fr. E,·cr tt refers in the above letter, iu the passage of wh ieh he "ch erfully cooperated," a~ Governor of Massn.ehusctts, nrc as follows: c,all.v stated by the 'J'exan J•:nvoy that the region so calll:!d coutaiw1 1 wo hutttlrctl thousand squure mileiS. lu Resolve<l, 'fhat Cong ress has, hy the C~nHtltutlo.n, other word~, it miJ.;ht form tw enty-five l:itatcs n~ p ower t.o lLboli~h 'lavery and the :slcLve-tratl ~ 111 the Ut:~­lnr~; e ttS Ma~:mchusettl:l. In this v 1Lst region, .'lavery trict of Columhin and th:Lt. there il:l 110Liting Ill tlttJ te•· m~ Wll~. ll tOhii•I Led by Mexico; it has been r cl:lt o re<l, anti is or circumstances'or tho acts of CC:l~ion by Vi rginia and rapttlly ~pru:t<liug itsdf undet· the ucw government; Marylan,J, or otherwise, enforcing any lcg~tl or tliOI':-41 lliHI1~o one denies, that if t.hc lnclcpetl<lcncc of '1\:xa:<~ is restmint on Its e x i:jtcnce. sustamc<l, ~l:tv ery wtllbc int.lellultely extended through- R exotvecl 'l'I11Lt Congr CB!I o nght to tttke rnraHut·e~ to out ilM ample h or<lcrs. cU'I!CL the a}) 1 olition of 'lavery In the J)IHtriet of Uolu nth i;~. The Executive Oovcrnment o f tho U nited State~ has Re.~oftverl, That the r ights of humanity, Lhl· cltdm~ .>f promptly rcco~n izcd thl~ int!cpenclcnt:e a,n(i by so t!o:ng ju11tlcc, an<l the cnmmon good 1Liikc, <lcnllut!l. the t~up­lm: s di~chargcd tltc whole dut.v that could be requirctl hy pres~ion by Oonf.(:css. or th? slav~-tr;Hic ca. l'letl on 1U IJu: l:tw or l!.lt \on . Whu tcvcr at.cp we take toward an- 1\lld through the Dtstrtct of UolullllJI!L. . ncxati?n 18 gmtuito us. 'l'hill whole subject hal! IJeen llO I Resolf!ed, '!'Ita~ Congr.c3s !~:~~· .. h.Y ~.he Oon:;~itut~on, llbly ~IMCU~~~d by Dr. h:toniug, In hi~ recent letter t,o power to nbol.11h Shwery Ill the l ctntonc::. of the UnrLed ~:. Cl:1y, tlmt, 1t would be superUuous ~o eulargc upou ::5LaL1!.3,