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Show • iG .A. POLITICAL TEXT-BOOK FOR 1860. . , h 1 1~ con· instructed to report a blll In co nforn~i ty with the sphi\ 'l't:xas to the Urntcd Stntcs., approvcll ~~.~rc ~U . t '-s to I a.ud principles of the forcgolng rcsoluttous. t v:;s tlte follo .\ing C~>ml.twn u.nd gu.u auty I:L I . . , •- , . ,._ • fco111cuientsizc uotexccctltugfour A debate of unu un.l duuttwn, catuestne a, baj': . i'<ew .. talc:! u . ' ' f '1' .. . d lnv- . \ \1 Cl ' J> . ·111 1111w•·ct· in 'LddititHt to s;ud tate 0 ex.t~, au ' • "lid 'tbilit" ensued trllllll )' on 11 r. ay S •e:iO· IJ ' . ' • 1 • ·eafter by the conl:!C11 • ~ " ' ·' ' • iug s~lllideut lH>pula.tlo~l, may T th , t~nitory thereof, lutiou~. They were rcg:•rdcd by uucotnprottllS· ol .. l I 'l'l Lt' IJc fOttuctl out o e . l {' "-"' l {' ' h .. ~;.a\ 1 . '11 1' • eulitled to aduti~sion uutlcr the provt- ing clt;uupiou..;, whet 1er o l\Ot'L ICt'l\ oro out . '~'1 101111~c u 0!1> 1,1 h.: . d . ·h ;:)taLes as · II f' 1 } • ~ ~ tl 1e L·~deral Constltu· t1t ou; f au. 1t T>uccr rt. tory ly.m g , Cl'll views but c IICCHI. y 0 t re a .. tcl', as con- 1 , . . may lie forulctl ~ut uf that plo.'~ on~ s<ttet·(s tlorth latiLUdc ccdiurr uu ·tantiallv the mn.ttcr Ill dl:-;pute to 1 f tl11rt V·::!lX dcg. ces L Ill t.y llllllU . . ' 1 o . , , · t>OUl l \) ll 'll.O\\ n 'IS tile ~lissoul'i CoulprOilliSe ltue, t;hall I the other 'td~. l hus, Cl,)lllllll,)l .Y "' • • • I ~I '. 'lS Cl I . 1 .1 bt.> uullli~tcd iuto the lJtuou 1~1th or '~ 1 L .wut ". n.vc'~'.'. Ja11aary 2Utk-.\lr. :ty lavlllg rea( nnu Lbc people of each ~tat~, asku~g. a<11 ~11118sb1 ~0f0°.~a~<.ld~~~t~r bricfh· comrncnted on his propo.' itiou ',seriatim, li . ·I Sl'LLco rNates.l:sS~<L c Ill J ld l II 'h suant:d tIIc n~·~tl~Co rI y ...1 1 'o 1·•• I t of "u•'L id Missouri Comprombc · line), he dct'lired thtu they . s hou . be IC. l ore. t• wrt • Slavery or it l\'Oluntary servitude (except for cnmc • out debate , tO give tllllC fot• C0Tl!-3tdcrn.tl0ll 1 ant] shall lle' prohil>iled :" '1'hen.: f?t·e, 1 •'th the made 't special order for Monday Ol' 'l'uestlay 1 1' , . l, ·rJ 'l'hat tho oiJilgtLLion to comp Y "l ' . .t • 1. ~£~v ;c1 1' "U'LI"lllty n.IJove recited in gooJ faitb be fol lowilw. But tl11s wn.s not ussenLeu to. COlli 1~1011 ,l[ l 0 ' • • . • 'th 0 • . • . . I . h distinctly reCO"nized and Lhat, in part COlll)lltancc WI Mr . .Foote o( .\liSSISSI ppt, po ;:e a gam t t em Ute o ' 1 • • 1 • of 'l'ex·Ls shall IJy an act ' Si.lllll! Ub ~0011 !L::l t te peop e ' ' · · tJ rreuera.lly SU.)'lll rr ' of their 1~ ,i lature signify their assent by restnctmg 1e o , o · . l. t . tl egeof wi~hin the Tcrl'l tory lying east of the If I understand the rcsolutwns properly, they are ob- uut s l ' ' . ·' I I cople . . . Tnuit and south of the ltcd lttvC!'• lUlu w .'~n-t ~e P , JCCLtona.hle, as 1t 11ecms to me, . . . , . of th!rc ·itlue or the territory clanned by Iexns adopt a 1. llecause they only as~crt that tt ~:; not t~pe~ltetet t ·, , 0 1 , . •• 11 ui>lican iu form they be aduutted mto that Congress should al>oh h Slavery m the Dtstnct of ClllHi loUol I , ~ 1 U · o an · l!U"l footing in all l'C~}>CCtS WtL 1 1 .· , • 1 · I' • ' t • ·· th • 1 L lC 011· Columbn · thus allOWlllg tIC llllJl tC,ltlOll 0 UIISC a. tll J II UJIO ..: " ' ' · I · , · f "I· g•m .·t 1 't·,L t e~·. d th Congn~:;s has [)Ower to lcgtsl:Ltc 0 1.1 the su )JCCt o. "' I .Lv'fe rIy' ~ il<'MJlo((l 'l'hat if 'l'exas slHlll agree to cc e, e in t11e District, which may herc;dter be cxcrctsec . 1 • U :, . 1 't· . e. ;,.1u ·tcceJlt a ces:~iou of all the unappro- should become expedient to do so; whereas, ll1 oltl thtH Ill C( .t. ~ . ' l b 'I' I c . . I • )riatcd do111aiu in all the Territory clalt~ec Y exas, Y· Congress has, under the OtiStttutlOn, 1~0 sut 1 powet· :t. !11g we~L of the Colomtlo aut! cxteutllllg north .to the nil, and that a.uy attempt thus to le9's.late woul<l be a fort..) -second parallel of norLh latitude, toge_ther wtt.l.t the gross fmuclupon all the ::!tates of the l)lltOt~. ·uri ·d:ctiuu anti sovereignty of all the terrttory clauned 2. 1'he Resolutions of the. honorabl.e ::len~,lor .assert ty 'J'exas north of the tlurty-fourt.h parallel ~r north that 'lavery docs not now cx1s~ by l;\w 111 the l erntories latitu <lc t~nu to pay therefor a ~:~um not. cxcecdm:; -- recently acquired from l\lextco; . whcrea~, ~ am of millions' of dollars, to be :~pplied in tho !irs~ p~ace to tl~e opinion that the treaty wit~l the .Mextct~n repul>ltc ca';\ied exLinguisluueut of any porLtun of the ~xlsttng publtc the Constitution, 1vilk all ~t11 {JtH£rantu.~, to al.l ~he [ er· debt of 'l'exas f~>r the di~charge of ~~lu~.:h the Unt~ell ritory olJta.in c<l IJy tre:tty, and securctl the pnvtle~c to l:itates are under any oi.Jligation, imphcll or othenvu;e, every Soulhern ~llll'eholdcr to enter any J~art of lt, at.aud the 1·em;Lindcr as Texas shall re(!U lrc. . t ended by his slavc-propcrty, and to. enJOY the same 3. llt!-8<1/v~d, 'l'h<LL when the populati?n of that po~·t1o ~ therein, free frou1 all molestation o1· lund ranee whatso-of the 'l'et'l'itory claillletl by 'L'cxa3, lywg south ot the ever. . thirty-fourth paratlel of north lau~udc aut! we ·t o.r t1.1e 3. Whether Sla.,•ct·y is or is not likely to h~ mtroducccl Colorado shall be equal to the ru,tto of representation tU into the ·e Territories, or into any of them, 1::! a propoijl· Congress' unuer the last preceding apportiontuent., ac- tlon tuo uncertain in my judgment, to be at present cortling to the provisions of the lJonstituLion, and the po;,itively aflinned; and 1 am unwilling to m:lke a people of such Terri Lory shaJI, with ~he assent of the new solemn legi!llati ve tlechc.r;ttion on t.he 1101nt: L_8t. tlte ~tate contemplated in the preced111g res~ lution, have fut ur·eprovide. the app,·opriate .~ulttlwn Of tht8 wt.e· ~?pteu a s~ate Constitution, repul.illcan tn fo rm, they 1·estin(l que.~tiun. be a.dmittc<l into the Union us a. ~Late, upon un equal 4. Considering, as I have several Liute:; h ercLo for~ for· ·ooting with the original ::ltates. . ma:ly declared, tlte title of 'l'exa:; to all ~h e 'l'crnlory Re~olvcd '!'hat all the 'l'enitory now clauned by Texas, emhmced in het· bountl<Lries as laicl down Hl her law or lying north 'or tile thirty-fourth pan~lld o.f nonh la,t~Lucie, 18:36, full, complel c, and m:dcuiahle, . I run l~nwilling ~o and which may be celled to the U ntLcd ~Lutes b~ 1 ex a~, say anything, by resolutiou or otlteni' ISe, which ma~ tn be iucorporat<!d with the 'Ferritory of • e~v-MexiCO, ex- tlte least degree draw that title into 4ue:;lion, as 1 t1m1k cept such pa.·t thereof us hes east of the ltlo U.rande and is uone in oue of the resolution::; of the ltouorablo Seoa· south of the thirty-fourth dt:grce of north latitude, untl tor from Kentucky. . . . . . . : . • that the Territory so comvosed form a ~tate, to be ad- G. As to the ai.Jolition of the slave-trail~ 111 the Dt~tnct mitte<l into the Union wheu the inhabitants thereof shall of Columbia [ sec no particular obj ection to tl, provided adopt a :::itate Constitu1iou, _republican in _form, with th.e it is done in 'a delicate and judicious manner, and is ~ot cousent of Congress; but m the mean t1mc, anti unt1l a concession to the menaces and delllancl:; of facllontSts Congress shall give such consent, provision be_made f?r a.n1l fanatic!!. I!' other qucstiontl can l>c ntlju!iLCd, this the govemmeuL of the inhai.Jitants of said 'l'erntory sun- one will, perhap:;, occasion but little ditliculty. able to their condition, but without any restrictiOn as to 7. The resolutions which provide for the reslor~tlon of Sir~ very. . fugitives from labor or service, aut! fur tlte e.;la~h~hmeut 6. Jte!lolvecl, 'l'hat all the 'l'crntory ceded to the of tel'l'itol'ial goverumcnts, free from all restnct1on ,oo United SLtLLes, by the 'l'reaty or Oua.daloupe ll1dalgo, the subject of ::3lavery have my hearty approval. 'Ihe lying west of said 'l'erritory of New Mexico, nnd cast of last re olution- which ;tssert~ that Cougress has no power ti.Je conLemplated new State or California, tor the present, to prohibit the trade in davcs from ~tate to ~Lute-1 coustttute one _'l'erritory, and f?t' which son~e for!n of equally approve. , . governm ent suttable to the conclttion of the mha1J1tants tl. lf all other questions connectec..lwtth the subJeC~ ol l>e provided, without any restri?tio~l as to Slavery. lavery can be ~ati.::sftLctori ly adj·•lltcu, I see ~o ObJeC· 6. JteiJolved, '1'hat the Constltu.tton re,eeutly ~ormed Lion to admitting n.ll California, ai.Jove t.he ltne of 36 by the people of the western port1on of Ca.lifornta, and degrees 30 minute~, Into the Union; p,·ootcle•l another presentetl Lo Congress by the President, on the 18th day 11e.w Slave State cctn be laid off within the Pl'tlleJLt of J.'.el.iruat·y, 1 ~0, be ac?cpted, and that they be a.dm~t- limits of 'l'e~<IA1, so as to keep thc present eqw:pvn':lbr: tedtuto the Un10n as a tate, upon au equal rootmg 10 ance between tbe ~lave ancl .L<'ree ::itates of the UnlOo · all respects with the original StaLes. and provided further all this is tlone hy w;Ly of cont· _lle~utved, 'l'hat,. in future, the form~,tio~ of.State Con- pl'omi!Je, (bnd in Ol'd~r to Bcwe. the Union, las deur to ttltutwns, l•y the Inhabitants of the I erntones of the tuc a:~ to any man living.) ln ted ~tales, be regulated by law; and that no su.ch . . . . . . . . f . , . re::! ·i n~~' ConstiLutiO!l be hereafter formed or adopted by the Ill· ) ft. !Lt on, of Vu gmJ.L, :.l L~ l ex.p 0 habitants of any 1'erritory belonging to the Unitetl h is deep anxiety to 1 ' go w1th h1111 w!lO 8catest without the consent and authority of Congress. went funhest !Jut within the limits ol' stnct i1 lce.~oi'Je,l, 'l'hat the inhabitants of any Temtory c~ · 1 . ' . 1. difl' •renccs '' tb( 1 J•L\ted States, when they 11hallbe authorized by Con-I duty, In a t JlltiLlllg these Ulluappy c..: ' gress tc C, rm a ~tate Constitutiou, ~:~hall have tire sole aJ.ded : 11.n~ exclu ive pow~r to regulate and adjust all que~LtOilb I Sir, so far as I have rcac.l these resolutions, there l1 oC tntcrual ~late poltcy, of wlu~tcvur nature th~y UHLY llc, but one proposition to which I can give a. hearty -..sstot, ~ontt;olle~ on.ly l)y the restrlctto.ns extHez~sly lut11v::. ed IJy 1 aud that is the re olutiuc ..,llich propo!le~ to orga.t~lze :no Co.nstltu~tou, ?f the Untt.cu ::>t.ates. . , . . Terntorlal gove;·nrnent» at once in ~h~~~e 'l'e:·rltorl~~, Q. loUJUlvcd , I haL the Co.UIU!Ltce on l en·tLo ·.es he w ti.JouL a. lh:cla atlou one way or tlw other as ~o lhetr TilE COMPROMISE OF 1850 . fl. ,utstlo lu~titution!l. But t~cr.e Is ~~~~ot~er whith I dd:ply rcgrct to see introduceS mto i •:~. c1 1 tate, .y 1 tL s~n<LIOI' fro ill a ~laveho ld .ng tate; . Lt1 t:~ 1 t. l<t~ 1~1 llC 1 U~SUIIte.S t.ltal i-ll:L\'C. y d oc~ not 110 \V CX.S >y llw, l!l lOSC 00untrie:!. 1 uuder:;t ancl one of the e propo!>tttong to d ·l·tt·e tlmt In lltll, ~Itt very il! uow a bol,Mitc(l in New- blCt~:>x'i co anu ' Ca•l iforu1. a. '1'1 ~~~•. w;~s t I ~~ very propo:;.tt.l un advuncecl by t.ltc non-~ la ve l l() l chug LUtes at the last e.;.,.s1on; co1uhatecl ILrHI d1spr_oved: as 1 thought, ~Jy gen~ l cmen frO Ill the ~l:t velwltliug ;:;1 atcs aud wl11ch the Cowpro111ise hill 1111s frauwcl to test. 'o fu,r> 1 regarded tltc ltUc:stiou of ltlW ~~~ (lispo!icd of, and 1t was v~'"! clearly and sati:;facton l.v !!ltown to be against the SJIIIlL oftlill r<:so lu1ion of the ~ c n:Ltor frotu Kentucky. lf the contrary is tru e, L prc:;1111te the 'cnator from KcnLucky would declare LhiLL 1f a law is now valid iu lite Territoric~:~ llhOiil!hing ~lave ry, lha~ it cou~d not I><; iut.rocluccd there, even if a lillY wa:! p : •s~:~cd crcatlllg the ln:!tttutlon, or repealing tho st;ttutcs already exiot ing; IL cloctriue, never asseu ted to ~o ft~r as 1 kuow, un t. l u v,v, by auy S~:nator reprc~eutiug one of the til a~ cholding 'tal es. l::lir, 1 !told the very oppo~ite, lln<l with such coulideuce, th:Lt at the last se~sion J was willing a rHI dill voLe for ll bill to test this question iu the tlu prcmc Court. Yet thll:l resolution assumes the other doctrine to IJc tru e, and our assent is challenged to it a:; n proposiLion of law. Mr. J c fl'cr ou Davis, of Mi ·si~. ippi, objected specially to t;O lltlh.:h of Alt·. Clay'H propo~ition::; as relates to tlte uoundat·y of TcxaH, to the slave-trade in the Federal d istrict, and to ~J r. Clav'll avowal in his speech that he did not believe Slavery c v e t· would or could be established iu any part of the T e rritories acquired fr·om .Mexico. lit.! cOIILiuued: But, sir, we arc called upon to receive this as a measure of comprolllise ! As a measure In which we of the minority arc to receive nothing. A meJsurc of compromise I 1 look upon it a~:~ but a ntodcst mode of taking that, the claim to which hal! been more boldly asserted. by other:~; and, that [ Hta.v be under:;tootl upon th is question, and that my po~ition may go forth to Ute country in Lhc same column!:! that con vey the sentiments of the ;Senator front Kentucky, 1 here a ssert, that never will 1 take less th;w the J\lissouri Compromise line extended to the l'a cillc Ocean, with the speclnc rceoguitiou oC tltll right to holt! ~laves in the 1'erritory below tliat lint; and that, befure such Territories nrc n.dmitted into the Union as ~taLes, sla vc:s may be taken there fro111 any of the Unitctl ~liLLc;~:~ at the option of the owners. 1 can ucvcr consent to give additional power to a majority to COLilmit further agg•e:lsiou~:~ upon the minority in this Union; and will never consent to any proposition which wW have such <L tendency, without a full guaranty or I'Juuteracting tnt!asure is connected with it. Mr. Uluy, i11 reply, said : I am extremely sorry to hear the Senator from J\lisBISSiJlpi say that he requires, til':lt, the extension of the ?lli~sou ri Compromise line to tho Pacific; and also that h~ 1~ not sati~Licd with t.hat, but requires, if I unclerstood htm correctly, a po~iti vc provision for the admission of ~lavery soutlt of t.hat line. And now, sir, coming from a Sltwe l:ltate, as 1 do, 1 owe it to myself, I owe It to truth, l owe it to lilt subject, to state that no et~ rthly power coulllinduce me tu vot.e for " specific mealiure for the l~tro<.l uction of ::llu.vcry where it !tad not before existed, Ctl!H:r ~outh or 1101 tit of th<LL line. Coming as 1 do from of the 'l'erritory acquired by us from M ex iro. He holclto a directly comrat·y opinion to mine, a~:~ he Ita-. a perfect right to do; and we will uot quancl about that dilfcrence of opin ion. Mr. William R. King, o f Al:tbam.t, was inclined to look with J'avot' 011 .\ll'. CLty ' propo:; itions, aud U' e11tcd LO SOIIlC of' them i Ull t lte ouj 'Cted tO tlte mod iu wlli •II 'alif'Ol'llia had fonut>d what is called a State Uo11stitution. llo p r •fen cd the good old way of fir ·t orrranizing 'l'cnitol'ie", and o tmining up their people 41 tor Lite cxerci ·e and elljoymellL of out· i11stitutions." Beside~, he thougltt ''there was 110t that killd of population there that justified the formation of a State Government." Ou the que tion of Slavery in tllC new 'l'cnitor-ie~, he 8atu : We a~:~k no act of Congress-as has been properly intimated by the l:lenator from ~lit~sl~slppi-to carry l;Lvcry anywht• rc. ~ir 1 believe we have as ntuch Constitutional power to prohibit' Slavery from going into the 'l'l'nitories of the United ~·tal es, ns we have to pass an uct CUI'l'J ing ...Javery there. We have no right to do either tl1c 011 1~ or the other. 1 would ~~~ soon Yote for the Wilmot l>ro' !so us 1 would vote for n.ny law which rectulretl that ~lavery silould go iuto any of the 'l'crritorles. Mr. Downs, of Louisiana, aid: I mnst confess th11t, In the whole course of my life, my astonishr11cnt has never been greater than it was when I saw tlii~:~ (Mr. Clay'll) . propo::sil.i.on IJrought forw~rd as " conlprololse ; and 1 nse nuw, s1r, not for the puqJOse of cli:;cusslng it ut all, but to protest most solcn11rly agaln.st it.. 1 con idcr Uti:; compromise as no comprombc at all. \\hat, sir, docs it g rant to the South? I cau see nothing at all. Mr. Butler, of South Carolina, , aid: As I understand it the Senator from Keutucky's whole proposition of comp:omlse is 11othing 1~10re than Litis: ?'haL California Is already disposed of, havmg funned a Rtat.e Constitution and that 'l'crritorial Oo1 emments shall IJe organl7.cd ro'r Deser et and Ncw-Mexko, under which, by the operation of laws ;drca.dy existing, a slaveholding population could not carry with them, or,own slaves there. What is there In the nature of a comprotnlS<' here, couplccl, as it Is, with the propo!!ition thn.t, by the e~isting Jaws in the 'l'cnitorlcs lt is almost certain tlmt sla\•cholders cannot and have ~o right to go there with their property? Wh 1 at Is there in the natur'e of a comprombe he!'~? .1 am willing however to run the risks, and am ready to gtve to the 'l'~rritorics the governments they require. 1 _shaU always think that, under a Constitution giving e(!ualnghts to all parties, the slnvcholding p eople, as such, can go to these 'l'crritories, nud retain theu· property there. llut, if we adopt this proposition of the • enator from Kentncky, It ls cle!~rly ou tho basis that ~lavery shaU not go there. The debate haviu rr cnrrros ed the attention C' 0 of the Senate for nearly two months- .Afarc/t 25.-Mr. Donglas, fl'om the C<~mmi ttec on Teni torics, rc ported t he follow w g bills : Senate, lG!>.-A l>ill for the atlml.asion of California into llicU~o~ . Senate, 110.-A bill to estr..blls~l the Terntorlal GoYcrnments of Utah and New-l\lex1co, and fur other purposes. These bills were rend, and passed to a second a ~lave State1 it Is Illy solemn, deliberate, and well-matured <leteruunation tltu.t no power-no eu,rthly powers. hall con~pclm e to vote for the positive Introduction of Slavery enher south or north of that line. Sir, while you reproach, au<.l juHtly, too, our llritish nncestora for the intro~uction of this in~titution upon the Contlncut of Amcnca, 1 am, fo1· Oll ll, Utl\v illin~ that the posterity of the present ln ., ahitaut~ of California and New-Mexico sh~ll.reproach us fo r doing just wbat we reproach Grent lln~atn for doing to u~. If the citizens of those 'l'erritones cl~ oose to e~:~tai.Jiish Slavery, 1 am for admitting them wtth such pro vi~ IOns in their Constit u1 ions · but then, It will be tl1cir own work and not ours and 'their post~rlty will lm ve to repro:tcll them anc..l ~ot us, for formtng Uonstituti liS allowing the int~dtutiou of Slavery to exit~t anwug them 'l'hese arc my views, si r, and I cbooijt to expre:;s t he111 · anu I care not how cxtensi vely and uuivcrs<Lily they ur~ kuown. 'l'hc honorable Senator frut~l Virg.uia Ita~:~ expressed his opinion tiHLt lavery exls~s ~~ these 'l'erntorie:;, and I have no doubt that 0Pilllon IS Hincercly antl hone:~Lly cntettained by him; ~~ l would aa.v \\'lth Cttual!liucenty and honesty, that I .-eheve that :Slavery uow·here exists within any portion r eading. , .Ap1·il 11.-Mr. Douglas moved that Mr. Bell 1:1 resolves do lie ou the table. Lost: Yea , :!6 i Nays, 28. Ap1·il 16.-The discussion of Mr. lay's rc:Jolutions still proceediug, Colonel 13cuton mov('d that the previous orders be postponed, and that the Senate now proceed to consid('r the bill (~. 169) for the lldtuission of the State of CalL· fornia. Mr. Clay moved that this propo:-;ition do lie on the table. Cilrrieu : Yeas, '2.7 (for a Com·· promise); Nays, 2-i (for a settlement without COlli promise). The Senate now took up Mr. Dcll'd rc~olv ee, .. |
