Political text-book for 1860 : comprising a brief view of presidential nominations and elections, including all the national platforms ever yet adopted ... with the most notable speeches and letters of Messrs. Lincoln, Douglas, Bell, Cass, Seward, Everett, Breckinridge, H.V. Johnson, etc., etc., touching the questions of the day : and returns of all presidential elections since 1836

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) CONTENTS. PAORI PAGI '!'bto Kan!laR-NcbraFka bill pas!es tJ1e nouse . .. .. 86 'fnF.n, JonN, of Virgiuia, nominated and Yt:tl!:! 11;3, Nays, 10 •, thcr~on . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6j defeated for Vice-President, 1886-6............ .. l'l Tltt: claul!e of :mitl hill repcf\ling the 1\lh!!!Ouri Nominated for Vice-President, nt Harrisburg, Compromi:;e ; President Pierce on l<an~as Af- I 1&39 and elected in 1840....... ... .. ....... . ~ fai rs in 'f>:}-' (i; ~I r. Dougla.\i's He port on do., ' M11rcl1 1~, ':>6 ... ......... ... . .. . .. .. .. ~ i Two-T11rrms Ruu: n.doptcd by first Demo- Minority lh:purt of ~lr. l'ull:utwr of \'crmont.. . :::.11 cratic Convention 1882 • • • • • • • • • • • • . . • •• • • • . . . . • 10 ll on~t: •ll'lkr~ au iu\'C:stigation of Kansa~ frau tll'; ' . lh·pnrt of .\le!c'::n·s. Howard awl ~h e rman Un.:re- Tol:GKY lgAAC, of ConnectiCUt., E~Upported ou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \12 for l)rc~ident by Democratic National Convention. 41 ll un~c 1 otes to adtuit Kau~as 11 ~ ll Fret: ~I alt.;. . 107 :O.Ir. ll"u.~ l.t s rep•>rts a bill to pacify K a 11 ~a:.;. . . 1 i VAN Bt HKN 1 ~fARTIN, of New-York, llOilli- 1\1 r. Tnuttl•ull 's a nh:IHIIIle nt ~ lite ret o ; Uo .. \I c~:-r~. nated for Yi cc- l're~icl cn t. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Fo:< t cr ' ~ , \\'ibou'!! 1\IHI ~cwanl ' 8; l'a::-~agc o!' Nontilmtcd for l'rc~lcl en t in 1886, nnd elected in !Jo u ,; la~'~ l,ill .. ... . . . . . . . . . . . . ltt ' l :-..:}(i • .. . ••. ..• •.•... •. •••.•••• . •• .•••••••• ~•r. U.:o l:. IJUllll'~ hill to n:orgaui1A Kan~a::;. . 11'\J r\v 111iJ 1atl'd for rl'iilectlon as President, li:)4l) . . . l'n:~ i c knt Pi ·rt.:l·':;; l:tit :'ttc:;sagl' 01\ J{an•a::s. . . . . lltl lJd..:at ·tl for l'rc!>ilient in 1 ~-!0 . . ...... ....... . l{ cmarlt~ of -'lt:,:sr!!. llale. ::l.:wanl, ~~ ~~~on, Wil- lh:lcated in llcmot.:ratit.: National Convention, soil a nu l'u);la thereon. .. . .. .. .. . .. . .. .. . .. I 12 1 ·14 .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. . . .. . .. .. .. . . .. .. .. . .. 1 ~ Prc:,ltlcltlliuclnLnau 011 th~: Lecompton Conl-tilu- r\ o11.i11atcd for l'n·l!itlent hy liutl'a lo Conveutlon, tion..... ... ... .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .... .. .. .. 113 1 4... .... .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .. 17 llr r. L>ou~las's ~pccch al-(ain:~L Lecouapton. ..... . 114 On ::ilavery In tile 'l'crritoric:;, Idler to Wuler- Aclittn on L~:compton in Kansas....... . . ..... . I IIi bury and othcr::s . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J.bl Mr. Buchanan's :sp~:cia l Lccowptou 1\l(·~sage.... 117 l'rovbions of Lecompton Con:otitutlon re~pecting Von: 1~ \\' til(; :\ATl .. l\ .\1. CO\\'I•:Nl'lON, Slavery.... . . .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. .. . .. .. 120 1~2, on ltcsolve apprlilving Comprontise Measures 'flu~ Lecompton bill; Passed In the Stna.tc, but of lt-00. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 defcuttd in the House; The Crittenden-Mont- WAitll, JoliN K, of ()('Ol'gia, Pn•:-;ideut of gornery substitute......... Yeas and Nays on a1lopting su.b.s.t.H.n. ·.e..................... 112212 the Democratic National Conv.:ntion, 1SiJ6.. . • . . . 24 Senate refuses to concur; Mr. Engli:~h moves a \ V K B::ru: It, I IAN 11~ 1., o t' .\1 a ssae II use It~. sup- Conf.:rence Committee; Carried by the ~peak- ported by l\la~~nchu~ctts f'.>r Prcsideut, 1Sl3G. .. .. 12 er':s casting vote; 'l'he .I<:ngll:~h Compromise Dcfeatcll for Prc,..idcnt lu \\'ltig Con v~:ution, 1848 1~ bill ........ ... . ... · · · · · · · .. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 123 llcal.cn for l'rc~ident In Whig Convention, 1 'fJ2.. 1 Carried tltrough both Houses; 'l'he \Vyandot Memorial to Congrcss for Slavery !{est rictlon... fl9 Convention ancl Conatitution .. .............. 126 Ills view on the powers of l:luprcme Court.... .. 177 Mr. (:lrow proposes, and the House votes to ad- Speech againat Slavery K."':tcnsioo. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2U:l mit Kansas uncicr the Wyandot Constitution; Se n:h•e rcr u e~:s t o act on tl 1e b•'l l . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 'x,yr rL .'LLER, Col. JOII:'l n., of C1tlifornia, SLAn:-TnAnE AnvocAn:D in Domocratic beaten for Ylce-Presideot in Democratic National Nationn.l Convention by Mr. Gaulclen1 of Ge01·gia. Also hy Governor Adams, of ::l. C., m Me ~sngc to L\!gislature ................ . . .. . ........... . SPENCER, AMnRo~n:, of Kew-York, Presi-dent Whig National Convention, lW ........... . SPENCER, Jon~ C., of Nc\\'-York, Pt·csi-dent Anti-Masonic National Convention ......... . S-rr.vF.~SON, ANDREW, of VirgiBia, Presi­d~ ut Second DemocraLic NaLional Convention ..... Ditto, Presidcn~ National Democratic Convt:n-tion, 184 .. ... . .. ...... ... . ... . ....... . . ... . STRANG~:, RooERT, of ~orth Cat·olina, beati:n for Vice-I•residcnt in Democratic Convention, 1852 ........... .. ...... .. ........... . ........ . ScrM~F:R, CHARLES, of Mas achusetts, dc­featecl for Yice-Pre:sit.lent In ltepuulican National Convention, 1856. . ...... . . .. . ..... ... ......... . SuPREME CouRT, Pow~:It AND DuTa:s Oil­Opinions of 'l'hom: ~s Jelfcrsoo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . Opinions of Johu 'faylor of C:1rollne, Ya., J ohn Jtandolph of Hoauoke, N:Lthauicl Macon of N. C., and Johu Uacon, of Ma!l:lachu~\lltll ..... Opinions of John J. Crittenden, Nathaniel ~lacon, James llaruour, Supreme Court of Georgia, Legi~laturc of 0 eorgia, ::;uprcme Court of l'cuu­~ ylvani<\, :tml Court of Appeal~ of Virginia .... Opinions of Mahlon l>icker::~on, Hlch;ml M. John­son, Oen. Andrew Jackson, and Danil!l Wcl>- iter ... .• .... . . ..... .... . .. .. . ..... ........ TAYI.OR RATlf' ICATIO~ liK)!:TINO at Phil:L­delphia, 1848, and Resolves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TAYI.OR, ZACHARY, of Louisi1ma, Whig uominee for !'resident, 184S ... .•..••.•.••.... . .• Elecied rresldent In 1848 ...•....•........•.. . . TILitKN, DANin R., of Ohio, proposes Slavery Re11t.rictioo in Whl~ Convent.io~ 184:; .... Convention, 1 851~ . . • . . . • . . . • • . . . • . . . . . . • . • . . . . . . 20 39 'Vuro NATIONAL Cm~n:NTIONS, held at llar- 208 risburg, I•enn., 1 39 .......... ...... ........... . 12 18 15 1~ 25 Held :\t litLltimore, .1\hl., 1844 ................. . Held at Philadelphia, Penn., 1848 .......... ... . Held at lialtimore, .l\1d., 1852 . . . . .. ........... . Held at Baltimore, .l\ld., 1856 . .. . .. ... ........ . 13 10 W111n:, If UGH L., of 'l'ennessee, unsnccess-ful candidate for President . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . 12 12 Wu.Mo·r, DAviD, of Pennsylvania, defeated for Vice-President in Republican Convention, 1 56 ~ 'l'cmporary Chairman of Republican National Convention, 1860............ .. . . . • • • . . . . . . . . 26 16 \VILSON, Gen. llKNRY, of Massachusetts, 20 President of Free Democratic National Conven-tion, 1852 . . • . . • • . . . . . . . • • • • • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 WIRT, WILLIAM, of Maryland, .Anti-Ma- 22 sonic candidate for President, 1882 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 WILKINS, WILLIA~f, of Pennsylvania, sup- 174 portell by Pennsylvania for Vice-President, 1882.. 11 \V ISCONS 1 N declares for Free Territory, H:> throu••h Leglalative Uesolves....... .............. 201 o Woonuunv, LKvr, ofN ew-IIampshire, beaten for President in Democratic Convention, 1848 . . . 16 \VmanT, Su.AR, of New-York, nominated 1 iG for Vlce-Prel!irlent by Democratic National Con-vention of 1844, Lut declined.................... l3 171 YANC~:v, 'VILLIA:'tt L., of Alabama, offers a" non-in~crferl'nce" resolve In Democratic Coo-l :> ventlon, 1 ' . . . • . • • • . . • . . . . . . . . • • • • . . • . . • • • • • . 1 T lie advocates Revolution In the South . . . . . . . . . 118 15 YouNG, Col. SAMUEL, of New-York, Presi- 16 dent of the llarnburners' Convention at Utica in 1~'3 . ....... ..... . ..... . .. ........ -..... ...... . 11 15 Otrcrs Anti-Slavery Resolves in Senate of New· York............ . ...................•.• 200 ••• APPENDIX. R);SOLUTIONS of '\lS anu '99, ( Va. & Ky.) DouGLAS' OrtNIONs ON SLAVERY in the T&rit.orles, Wilmo\ Proviso, &c, ..•••.•••••••. 249 Tnx Dnxn ScoTT DEOISION •••••••••••••• SLAVERY IN N xw Mx:x:xco, with the action 21Sl or Congress thereon. •.• •••••••••••••••••.•••• 263 A POLirfiCA_L TEXT-BOOI{ FOR 1860. NATIONAL CAUCUSES, CONVENTIONS, AND PLATFORMS. NATlO:"AL Conn'ntions for the nomination of candidates ar<> of comparat h·ely recent origin. in the l'a l'licr poli tical history of the United -~tates, ur1tlct· the Federal Cou titntion, candi­jatl'S for Pre i<lent and Yicc-Pr·e ident were nominated hy congres ional and legislative caucu!-leH. \Va~hin gton was elected as first President un der the Coustitution, and reelected for n second term by a unanimou::;, or nearly tH1lttti IIIOU~, COllCUrt'ence Of tlte American people; hut utt oppof'ition party gradually grew up in Congn·sR, which became formidable Juring !lis seco11<l term, and whi~h ultimately cry ·talized into what wa!:) t l1cn called the Rcpul>lican party. John .AJ:trns, of ~fa~ achusetts, wa pro11li netll. a 1110ng the leading- Fcdcmli ts, while rltorna~ ,Jefferson, of Virginia, WllS preemi­OCiltly the author and orn.cle of the Republican puny, and, ur common consent, they were the oppo:-1ing candidates for the Presidency, on Wa~hi11 g ton '. n·tirctllellt in 179G-7. Mr. AdalllS was then chosen Pref'ident, while Mr . • T df'l•rson, having the l;u·ge~t electoral vote uex t ro ~lr. A., IJec:ttnc Yiee-President. 11. potent influence over such questions, being, on this occasion, unable to agree as to which of her favored ons should have the preference. Ninety-four of the 136 Republican members of Congre s attended this caucus, and dcclarC'd their preference of Mr. Madison, who recciHd 83 votes, the remaining 11 being divided he­tween ~Ir. Monroe and George Clinton. The Opposition supported Mr. Pinckney; out .Mr. Madison was elected by a huge majority. Toward the close of Mr. Madison's earlier ternt, he WllS IIOtninated for reelection by a Congres ional Caucus held at Washington, in May, 1812. In September of the same yeat, a convention of the Opposition, representing eleven States, was held in the city of New­York, which nominated De \Vitt Clinton, of New-York, for President. He was also put in nomination by the Republican Legislature of New-York. The eniuing canvass resulted in the reelection of Mr. Madison, who recei>ed 128 electoral votes to 89 for De Witt Clinton. The tir·:·lt Uort~t·essio ual Caucus to nominate eandid.t tes for President and Vice-President, is ~aid to have heen held iu Philadelphia in the yenr 1 tJO, and to have nominated Mr. Jetfet·­son for th • fin,t office, and .Ant·on Burr for the ~econd. The e ca ndidates were elected after It de:-:pcrutc> l'ltrngglP, beating John Adams and Chal'lc U. l'inckney, of 'outh Carolina. In 180-t, ~lr .• Jcll'l·rgou was reelected Pr·esid<'nt, witiJ George (.'linton, of New-York, for Vice, encouuLet·in;r lt11t ~ li g ht opposition : Messrs. Cha.l"! .. s C. l'inckney and Rufus King, the op­posing cand ida t~.>~, l't·cciving only 14 out of 176 Elt•ccor·al Votes. We have been unable to find a.~t.v record as to the ruanner of tlrt'ir nomina­tion. In January, 1808, wheu Mr .• Jefferson's H'tOttd 1('1'111 "a:-: about to clo e, n Republican Cong-re~f:;io n:d Cauc u:' was held Rt \Vasbingtou, to th·~.:idc :ts to the relati,·e clltims of ~[a.dison IUJd ~lo11roe for the succe..,sion, the Legisla­ture of Vir·ginia1 which had beeu said to exert In 1816, the Republican Congressional Caucuf:l nominated James Momoe, who received, in the caucus, 65 votes to 5t f01· \Vm. II. Crawford, of Georgia. '!'he Oppo. ition, or Federalisti:l, uamed Rufus King, of New-York, who receive<i only 34 electoral votes out of 217. Ther·e was no oppositiou to the reelection of Mr. Monroe in 1 20, a single (Republican) vote being cast again t him, and for John Quincy Adams. In 1824, the Republican party could not be induced to abide by the decision of a Congrt!s­sionn. l Caucus. .A lttrge majority of the Repub­lican members fot·mally refused to participate in such a gathering, or be governed by its deci­sion; still, a Caucus was called and attended ty the friends of Mt-. Ct·awford alone. Of the 261 members of Congress at this time, 216 were Democrats or Republicans, yet only G6 res. ponded to their names at roll-call, 64 of whom voted for Mr. Crawford aR the Republican nomi­nee for President. This nomination was very extcusively reputliated throughout the country, and three competing Republican candidates