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Show 218 SELECTlON. C JTAI '. XX. wh11i0V I' c.on]d b d t ct d jn ih it· foliage, nowerA, Ol' sr.rdA. Now what a ·orli,t'ltAt i!i pr ·Rc ntod, if' w eornpttr tlr' fl owC'rfl of th vari tic.· of thes two plants with tlroHn ol' any speci<"H <~llltivat d itt 011r flow <• r-gnnlt ·ttH for orttnmc•JtL; or if wu <'om par tlr •ir s • ·<lH with tlroH<~ of 1lro vnridiNl of' mair. . pC'nH, IH•H tt H, &C'., whielt an val ned attd c·nlt ivnted for tlr oir Rc •orlr;. Itt tlt<' ninLlt clw.pt r jL war; Hhowtt tlrut tho vari<•tic•H of' tiro pr:t <lil'f'<!r IHtt littl ' cx<:<•pt in til( tnlltt CRH of tho plnnt, ttrod erntc:ly tn1lrc Hlr apo of th pod, nncl gn•ttLiy itt tho pea it Hcdf, and 1 hc·so an• all Fwl c~C"kd points. Tho vMiotic•A, lrowov<'r, of the Poi-'1 sm1s Jm?·clu'min diff'vr mueh lttor ir1 tlrc·ir pods, u,ncl tlH'H :tro c•nton all<l v:tlll<'d. I cui ti vnLccl twol vo vari eties of tit <'01tttnon lwan ; on n I on , th Uw:trf Fatt, difl'ured <"OIIHidPmhly in getl()ml npprnmtwo; two dif'f'l' r<'<l itt tiH eolour· of' tlroir flow •rs, one Loing an aluino, mrcl th otlt r L •i rrg wltoll y in stond of pn.rtinll y pmpl ' ; Auvornl dif'G•recl cott sicl muly in tit' Hlmpo nttd sii.: of tiro pod, l>ttt l'ar mor in tlr · l><'Hn iLH·c· lf', atrd tlriH i!i tiro val11o<l UJHl H ' lo<"t('(] pnrt. 'J'ol, o r'~; LNw, for imd atH' <', iH twic· -nnd-<t-lral f' n.s lOil g' n.ncl brund as tho horFJ<'-U<'nn, anrl is tnn c:lr tlrinn<'r anrl of' n dif'(' ·retrt tihnpo. Tho vari 'ticf:! of' tlro goof:!('bC'rr:', a. formerly <l<'s('l'iu •<1, clif'f't'r mn ·l1 itt tlwir fruit, Lttt lutrdly pc·rceptibly in their flowc•r:-; or organs of' v<'gotatimr. Wit It th plnm, tlro dif'('erellC' ,s lik rw i ~-;o 11JlJWILl' to l>o gr ntor itt tiro fruit thntt in t.lt 11ow .rs or ] ' iiV R. Or1 tl1' otllc·r· hand, tl1o , f'<'cl ol' tho Htmwhcrry, wlri ('h ·orTosponds wiLit tlto frttiL of tho plnm , difft~ rs hnrdly at ull; wltiiHL every on lowws Jww g rcaLiy t.ho f'nriL~tltat is, th e11l argrd r<'c:rptnel - dif'f'•rH in tiro . <'V ml vnrioti A. J n nppl 'H, pran;, 11nd p ath H tl1u flow rH and loav<' cli f'f'•r c n id rably, Lut 110t, as far ns I can jnclw·. in proportion with tho fl'llit. 'l'h 'hi nose donl>J '-fl owerin g- Jl fLC'ItcH, on th oLll<'l' hand, show that vn.ri •ti s of' tltiR tr • Jmv l> en form r cl, wl1ic·h dif'f'or more in tho flo\\' r thnn in fruit'. J f~ as if:! ltiglrly proLo.l>l , tit · p aeh is tl1 modifl ed d H · 'ndnllt of' til almottd, a Rurpri sing amount f clmnge ha l> n fl'PC't<'d in tho am spN·i cs, in tho 1t •r-;hy cov ' rin er of th forrn r ttncl jn th k<'mcls of tl1o luLter. \Vh cn parts tltnd in su ·h dos r •htion to :H'h oth r· ns th fleshy ov 'riJtg of' tho fruit (w lrnt 'V r its homologiealnalm mo.y 1 ·)and th so 'd, wh 'non ' part iH mod ifi u, o g n rally is tl1( other, Lut by no moans uocesso.rily in tho sallie degree. Witb CIIAI'. XX. SELECTION. 21!) tho plnm-tr e, for instan e, some vari tics produce plums wl1ich aro n arly alike, but in ·hulo Rtonos extr m ·ly di sRimilar in shape; whihit ·onv r. ·ly other varioti s produ · di similar fruit wiLh Lrtrely clistin gl tiHlmulo stoncH; m1d gru rally th ston s, thongh they have 1wv r l> on Httuj cwtorl to Aclecti01r, dif!C"r gn·o.tly in tit Bevf•ml vuri<•tic'H of tho plum. ln oth •r •tuws organs wlri ·h nr·c 110t mtwif'f •r;tly r btf>cl, tln·on :rh Home mll{nown Lond vary tog Ut nr, und ar conscq nontly liaulr, wi thont o.ny jnt ntion on man's pitrt, to Lo simulian rouHly aet J on by sc:l tion. 'l'hnH tho varietio. of tho E;to ·k (Mtttthioht.) ltavo b on s 1 r·ted sol •ly f(>r tlr beauty of tl1 ·ir flow ' l'f), but th' s ds diffi r gn•11tly in colour unJ HO ill wllttt in siz . Vnri ·ti •s of' the lotLne have l> ·n r;oloe1od Hol ·ly on aceounL of th ir 1 av , y t proclnf·o seeds whieh Jik ~ wi e differ in colour. G n ·rallv throngh tho law of <·o tT •lntion, when a ·vari •t.y diffc• rf:! gr 11ti; frorn itA f'c1J ow-varioti 'Fl in 1111y ono cl1am ·t r, it difft •rs to a · rlltin oxtottt in r; v ral otl1 r cll tu·a t r.. I ou. rv •tl this fact wlH•n 1 cultivated tog tb r mnny varieties of' tlr sam S!> ci s, for I usod first to mak u list of the variciiC's wl1ich dilf<:r d moBt from each oll1 r in tlr 'ir foliag and mmm r or g rowth, oJL 'l'WtU"C ls of tlros tlmt dif'f' ' l' •d most jll th ir Jtow l'H, th en in th ir • d-cap ·ul , and lastly in their matnro s eel; ancl I found tlrttt tb amo nnm . g n mlly occttrrod in two, thro , or four of tho suec Sf:livo listr;. Nevcrthcl ss th gr<'o.t •r;t amount of difC ·r nco be two n th v11ricti s w11s always oxhil>it •cl, a· far as I coulcl jn<lgo, Ly th11t part or organ for whi ·h th plant was cultiv11tcd. Wh n we bo11r in mind that ach pl11nt wa.· at flrst ·nltiv11tod bccaus u cful to mm1, and tl1at jts variation waH 11 subs •qn 'llt, often 11 long suLsoqucnt., v nt, w cannot xpluin tho grc at r 11mount of div r. ·ity jn tho valuabl parts by .·upposing that sp ·i 'S ndow •d wjth 1111 Bp cial t ndon ·y to vnry in any pu.rticnlar mann ·r, w ro originally (·ho on. W mU1it attribute tho rcsnlt to tlto varintions in th s prtrts hn.vjng l> n succ ssiv 'ly pr sorv •d, 11ncl thns continwtlly angm nt d; whilst oth r variations, x · ptinfY su ·h as inev itably app nr d through col'l'elation, w r n gl' ·ted ~:md lost. li 'nco wo may jnf' r tl:11t mo t phtn1s might l>o mad , through long-continu 'd s 1 ction, to yield mccs as different from each other in any character |