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Show Hit» 167 the economic necessities ot‘ the new times. The Itlltlt‘llh‘ used to for any people to ati'ord. \\'ar therefore becomes more and more impissilile, peace more and more necessary. as nation becomes more and more dependent upon nation not only for its profits but for its \‘L y living. A broader basis for association is being laid by modern industry "hich is sure to become the foundation for peace aznone' the peoples. linder the domestic system of industry, kinship or to combine, they naturally inevitably deal jointly. The joint trade agreement necessarily includes provisions for conciliating and arbitratiner their differences. Thus the very elements which have been creating internal strite and provoking foreign wars are. training themselves and each other in the ways of peace. lu their separate and Collective interests, organized capital and organized labor promise yet to be the chief impediments to war and the mainstay of the world's peace. For within every nation this industrial organization on both sides is clearly evolving a larger liberty, at least for the cl' ss; a rising standard of living for the mas ; a stronger defense against the aggression of one class upon another, and a tirmer basis and more authoritative power to make and maintain peaceful and permanent settlements of industrial differences. More slowly yet surely ther‘ are develop- ingr legal forms and sanctions which not only make for justice and peace between parties at variance, but recognize and secure the final authority of the public as the third and greatest party to every industrial interest and difference. Thus by itSSOCiZtting with larger and more diverse. groups the people understand each other better, are less lil<ely to be. divided by prejudice and passion from those with whom they work and deal, and are preparing to inltill Maxrini's prophecy of "the as. iation of the peoples." Modern industrialism tends to brine; men into international relationships. Capital has neee irily become cosmopolitan. It has largely expatriatcd itselt'. Commerce tloats its ships and cargoes under any tlaer that pays best. lloweycr sinister may be the village furnished the bond for almost all human associations. the iutlnence which commercial interests have had upon polities, Under our inndern industrial system. combination tar and wide across these lines becomes necessary to both capital and labor. Capital has been compelled to mass its money and manaeemcnt there is a larger good evolvine out of them. thiult "the stars in their courses fought" for or against them. We moderns are beginning to learn that it is futile to tight against the course Hf pet-ins, the orders of things, the way of the noild and our common human nature. uhich is nxalving {or peace. lndustrial lltit'l'tlt'jn‘llllt'llt‘t" more than anything else, mall"; peace possible and \\ar more and ntoie impossible, .\lan and man are made interilependent by the subdivision of labor, by the organization it industry. class is dependent upon class, erat't upon craft, and nation upon nation, all up and down the scale and the \iide world over as neyer before in human history, man liveth to himself" nor can he. "\'o 'l‘here is no self made, sell-- dependent man or community or nation any more. \\'c have all become so necessary to each other that \\.'e cans not get along or even e\ist very long nithont each other. This interdepemlence grows with every invention, with every labors saying: device, nitli every economy and elliciency in priuluct‘rin and distribution, with all the growth of civilization, .\nd as it e‘rcnvs, any interruption of these necessary inter-relatiiinsliips " ‘ li‘o'm mmmi "mm inenaces human existence, becomes intolerable, costs too much in larger units. An individual tinds it less profitable and less‘ pns~ible to be "in business. for himself," .‘is partnerships supplant individt " . rt.) corporations supersede partnerships and are super scded in turn by syndicates and larger combinations of Capital. Lab'ir is forced to combine by the same economic necessilii. ()re‘anized \Vt‘l‘blllu‘ men, "ho were the first to frighten the \voi‘ld by ignoring national boundaries, are naturally developing into international unions out (if their national organizations \yithout the loss of patriotism. liv stretching hearts and hands across the s« t»: to or'rzmize [or their common interest across every frontier. these great erat't brother- hoiids bid fair to command the Worlds peace by their i'etusal to light each other. Socialism is nothing it not international. How- (I illective bargaining is the only way by which it can presery: its ever divisive it may be amongr the people of each country, it can freedom oi contract in dealing with collected capital \s eml'l".\" ers and employes reeoe' .e their own and each other's tie siiies never array one nation 'i inst anuther withont rounnitting' suicide. llo\\'ever impracticable or dangerous its ltlt'i‘tls may be |