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Show DBNSMOBE] NORTHERN UTE MUSIC 55 rhythmic unit is slightly less, while the proportion of songs with two rhythmic units is three times as great in the Ute as in the former groups. TABLES 20 AND 21.- From these tables it appears that a tempo of 104 beats per minute is preferred by the Utes in their songs and also in the accompanying instrument. TABLE 22.- A much greater similarity of tempo between voice and accompanying instrument appears in the Ute than in the Chippewa and Sioux songs, the percentage of songs in which both have the same tempo being 89 in the Ute and only 45 in the former songs. When voice and drum differ the drum is slower than the voice among the Utes and in large proportion is faster than the voice among the other tribes under consideration. Summary of analysis.- From the foregoing it appears that, in comparison with* Chippewa and Sioux songs, the Ute songs are more frequently major in tonality, harmonic in structure, and characterized by one or more rhythmic units. The compass is smaller and the intervals less varied, but the proportion of ascending and descending intervals is about the same. The average interval is smaller, but the difference is too slight to be of importance. The rhythm of the accompanying instrument is less varied, and its beat is more frequently synchronous with the voice. Among the characteristics of the Ute songs which do not appear in the tables of analysis may be noted the connective phrase ( p. 64), the downward glissando tone ( p. 58), the upward glissando tone ( p. 175), the interrupted drumbeat at certain points in the song ( p. 97), and the peculiar monotonous rhythm described in the analysis of No. 2. The songs used in the treatment of the sick contain, as an entire group, certain interesting peculiarities which are noted in the section on that subject. COMPARISON OF ANALYSES OF CHIPPEWA, SIOUX, AND UTE SONGS WITH ANALYSES OF SLOVAK SONGS In order that the structure of Indian songs might be compared with that of European folk songs, the writer obtained a group of Slovak songs and analyzed them according to the method used in analyzing Indian songs. Dr. AleS Hrdli6ka recommended the use of Slovak songs for this test, as the Slovak is one of the most isolated and racially pure groups of the Slavs, living in the foothills of the Carpathians. There they pursued their own manner of life from the dawn of history until disturbed to some degree by Magyariza-tion, which began about a century ago. The songs used in the test were selected for the purpose by Mr. Ivan Daxner, secretary of the Slovenian League of America. They comprise a group of 10 songs, including the Slovak national anthem; a song concerning JanoSik, |