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Show DBxsMORB] NORTHERN TJTE MUSIC 27 stick in which notches are cut; ( 2) a short Stick ( or bone) rubbed across these notches; and ( 3) a resonator placed over a hole in the ground. This resonator was formerly a shallow basket ( pi. 5, d), but in recent times a piece of zinc is used. The end of the longer stick is rested on the resonator, while the shorter stick is rubbed perpendicularly, the downward stroke being sharply accented ( pi. 1). Two specimens of the notched stick and the rubbing stick were obtained by the writer, both sets having been used in the Bear dance on the Uinta and Ouray Reservations ( pi. 5, 6, c). The more typical of these" comprises a notched stick shaped like the jawbone of a bear, with a bone for rubbing stick. 10 The other set comprises a straight stick, in which notches have been cut, and a smaller stick for rubbing across it. This set, with the basket resonator, is described as follows by Mr. Hawley: " Name of specimen, Notched Stick Rattle. Notched stick, L. 25J in., diameter 1^ in. Rubbing stick, L. 6 in., diameter 1J in. Basket resonator, H. 5 in., diameter 15J in. The notched stick originally had 28 notches about J of an inch deep made in 20J inches. On the opposite side 24 more shallow notches were cut in a space of 12 inches. The rubber is oval in , cross- section, rubbing across the notches having reduced the diameter to 1 ^ in. The resonator is of a shallow hemispherical form. It is not a drum. It is not put in vibration by being beaten or frictioned. A hole is dug in the ground and the basket is inverted over the hole. One end of the notched stick rests on the basket. The vibrations of the notched stick are communicated to the basket, which in turn so sets in vibration the air confined in the hole and basket as to dominate the original vibration.'' The Pima Indians, according to Frank Russell, use the " basket-drum " and " scraping sticks" separately as well as in combination. Mr. Russell says: " Any shallow basket of sufficient size, such as are in common use in every household for containing grain or prepared food, may be transformed into a drum by simply turning it bottom up and beating it with the hands. In accompanying certain songs it is struck with a stick in rapid, glancing blows. The notched or scraping stick is in very general use to carry the rhythm during the singing of ceremonial songs. When one end of the stick is laid on an overturned basket and another stick or a deer's scapula is drawn quickly over the notches, the resulting sound from this compound instrument of percussion may be compared to that of the snare drum. However, it is usually held in the hand and rasped with a small stick kept for the purpose. So important are these 10 " Among the negroes of the Southern States the jawbone of a mule or horse is used, in the same way, a stick being rubbed over the teeth." Catalogue of the Crosby- Brown Collection of Musical Instruments, published by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1914, footnote, p. 183. |