AZ vs. CA:22 California Exhibits, Vol. XXII; Nos. 5001-5002; 5101-5123; 5200A-5205A; 5521-5588A; 5601-56215521-5588A; 5601-5621

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-139- raeeting of the Institut in Madrid in 1911. The report was not confined to hydro-electric uses, but included "general exploitatinn'' as well.2 The text as adopted is preceded by general considerations which affirm that the physical interdependence of riparians excludes the absolute autonomy of any one riparian in the exploitation of a system of international waters. These rules, the text of which follows, greatly influenced the substance of many subsequent treaties. Madrid Declaration INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS REGARDING THE USE OF INTERNATIONAL WATERCOURSES FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN NAVIGATION, ADOPTED BY THE INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AT MADRID, APRIL 20th, 1911. I. When a stream forms the frontier of two States, neither of these States may, without the consent of the other, and without special and valid legal title, make or allow individuals, corporations, etc. to make alterations therein detrimental to the bank of the other State. On the other hand, neither State may, on its own territory, utilize or allow the utilization of the water in such a way as seriously to interfere with its utilization by the other State or by individuals, corporations, etc. thereof. The foregoing provisions are likewise applicable to a lake lying between the territories of more than two States. II. When a stream traverses successively the territories of two or more States: 1. The point where this stream crosses the frontiers of two States, whether naturally, or since time immemorial, may not be changed by establishments of one of the States 1. ECE Report, p. 46 2. The report is published in the Institut's "'Annualre", vol., 24, p. 170 (1911)