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Show TABLE 2 Treatment Cost Summary Unit Annual Cost Total Annual Cost( a> Treatment Alternative ($/ l, 000gal) ($/ household) ($ million) ion Exchange, Home Treatment 1.35 135 40 Lime softeningb 0.50 175( c) 35 Reverse Osmosis 5.60 560 168 Distillation 40.00 4,000 1,198 No Treatment ( increased cost to homeowners) 1.80 180 54 ( a) Statewide ( b) Process serves approximately 1/ 3 of Utah water sources, whereas other alternatives are assumed to serve 1/ 2 of Utah households. ( c) Process treats water for indoor use as well as for outdoor use, whereas other alternatives treat water used indoors only. TABLE 3 Conservation Potential of Alternatives water Conservation' 3' wastewater Quality Improvement Alternative Use Reduction TDS Reduction Effluent Affected ( Acre- Ft/ Yr) ( mg/ l) ( Acre- Ft/ Yr) Lime Softening 0, e, 270 105,600( f) Reverse Osmosis - 18,600( d) 170( b) 316,900( b) Convert to High Efficiency 2,200 85 316,900 softeners Prohibit All softeners 4,400 170 316,900 Prohibit softening of Naturally soft water ( 0 170 ( 0 ( a) ( b) ( c) ( d) ( e) Minus sign indicates a decrease in conservation or, in other words, an increase in use. No conservation provided if process requires softening as pretreatment. Unable to determine. Based on 80 percent water recovery for reverse osmosis process and 100,000 gallons production per softener per year. Based on 98 percent water recovery for lime softening process and 308 gpcd water use, serving 1/ 3 of the total state population. Based on 150 gpcd wastewater for 1/ 3 of households in the state. 84 |