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Show Unfulfilled Promises: Negotiations with the Intruders, 1849-1882 51 Knowing that the provisions of the Treaty of 1849 had never been honored, they were made part of the 1863 Tabeguache Treaty (also called the Conejos Treaty). The boundaries of Taviwach territory were defined and the lands of the Gunnison and Uncom-pahgre River Valleys were reserved to them. The Moache were also to be "allowed" to settle there. The Taviwach surrendered land which included most of the white settlements in Colorado and all of the mining sites discovered at that time. (See Map p. 58). A provision was also made that: "Any citizen of the United States may mine, without interference or molestation, in any part of the country hereby reserved to said Indians where gold or other metals or minerals may be found."10 This allowed the government to take land reserved for the Ute People if there were any precious metals found on it. In return the Taviwach were to be given cattle, sheep, and equipment. It was supposed that they could thus be turned into farmers and ranchers. The Taviwach were also promised horses, provisions, houses, and blacksmiths; all of which had been promised earlier in the 1849 Treaty. But the United States failed to provide these payments. The Taviwach received little more of the promised goods than were distributed to them during the treaty negotiations. The Taviwach were also promised that the government would control white intrusion. During the negotiations their leaders argued that while it was their duty to obey the treaty, it was also their right to claim protection. This promise was also not fulfilled. When the Senate ratified the 1863 Treaty in March 1864, several amendments were made to it. The size of the reservation was somewhat reduced and the promised livestock were decreased. In October Governor Evans met at Conejos with Taviwach leaders to get them to agree to these changes. The leaders were as reluctant to agree to the additional demands as they had been to sign the treaty. However, they eventually agreed and accepted the amendments.11 Mormon "Treaties" While United States' control was being imposed on the Ute People in New Mexico and Colorado, control over People in Utah |