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Show The Intruders, 155 0-1882 Indian groups, Paiute, Shoshone, Ute, traveled through it. However, the Mormons soon began intruding to the south. In 1848, 200 Mormons moved into Sanpete Valley. The following year Mormons began grazing cattle in the Draper area, forcing out the wild game. A group of Ute People led by Kone and Blue-Shirt killed some cattle for food. They were pursued, and five men were killed at Battle Creek. The other men, women, and children were secured, warmed, and fed.15 Also in 1849 Fort Utah was established at present-day Provo. The site of the fort was an area which had been used by the Ute People for centuries as a major campsite. The fort lay directly in the way of several hunting trails. By 1850 Ute People had killed and stolen several cattle and horses of the fort's occupants. One of the Mormon leaders, Isaac Higbee, lobbied for and received permission to "chastize" the Indians. LDS church President and Territorial Governor Brigham Young ordered a selective extermination campaign to be carried out against the Utah Valley Indians (Tumpanawach). All the men were to be killed. The women and children were to be saved, only if they "behave[d] themselves."16 On 8 February 1850, members of the militias from Salt Lake City and Utah Valley laid seige to a group of about seventy People, led by Big Elk and Ope-Carry, who had dug in near the fort. After two days of fighting the People fled in two groups. One group went up Rock Canyon where most were later found dead of wounds, measles, or exposure. The main group went to the south. Near the present town of Payson, fifteen or twenty warriors with their families surrendered to the militia. The next morning the warriors were killed in a skirmish.17 For the next several months hostilities continued. Indians raided settlements for cattle and horses. Militias were sent against them, and they were killed. One of the last extermination efforts against the Indians was in June of 1851 against those camped in the mountains between Tooele and Utah Valleys.18 Conflicts continued but not this extreme policy. In February of 1851 the Utah Territorial Indian Agency was established by Congress, and some efforts were begun to aid the Indians. However, Mormons continued to pour into the area and to displace the Indians from their lands, to drive away the game, |