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Show 380 DUD-VARIATION. CnAr. xr. Mr. Rivers also informs mo that ho raised two or throe roses of tho Provence class from seed of tho old single moss-rosa ;118 and this latter kind was produced in 1807 by bud-variation from the common moss-rosa. Tho white moss-rosa was also produced in 1788 by an offset from tho common rod moss-rose: it was at first palo blush-coloured, but bocamo white by continued budding. On cutting down tho shoots which had produced this white moss-1·ose, two weak shoots wore thrown up, and buds from tbcso yielded tho beautiful striped moss-rose. Tho common moss-rosa has yielded by bud-variation, besides tho old single rod moss-rosa, tho old scarlet semi-double moss-rose, and tho sage-loaf moss-rose, which " has a delicate shell-like form, and is of a beautiful blush colour; it is now (1852) nearly extinct." 39 .A white moss-roso has boon soon to b ar a flower half white and half pink.40 Although several moss-roses ltavo thus certainly arisen by bud-variation, the greater number probably owe their origin to seed of moss-roses. For Mr. Rivers informs me that his seedlings from tho old single moss-roso almost always produced moss-roses; and tho old single moss-rose was, as we have seen, tho product by bud-variation of the double moss-rose originally imported from Italy. That tho original moss-rose was tho product of bud-variation is probable, from tho facts above given and from tho moss-rose do Meaux (also a var. of R. ccntifolia) 41 having appeared as a sporting branch on tho common rosa do Meaux. Prof. Caspary has carefully described 42 the caso of a six-year-old white moss-rosa, which sent up several suckers, one of which was thorny, and produced red flowers, destitute of moss, exactly like those of tho Provence rose ( R. centtfolia): another shoot bore both kinds of flowers and in addition longitudinally striped flowers. As this white moss-roso had boon grafted on tho Provence rose, Prof. Caspary attributes the above changes to tho influence of tho stock; but from tho facts already given, and from others to be given, bud-variation, with reversion, is probably a sufficient explanation. Many other instances could be added of roses varying by buds. Tho white Provence rose apparently thus originatod.43 Tho double and highlycoloured Belladonna rose has boon lmown 4<1 to produce by suckers both semi-double and almost single white roses; whilst suckers from one of these semi-double white roses reverted to perfectly characterised Bolladonnas. Yarieties of tho China rose propagated by cuttings in St. Domingo often revert after a year or two into tho old China roso.46 Many cases as See nlso Loudon's 'Arboretum,' vol. ii. p. 780. " 9 All tl1cso stotomcnts on tho origin of tl10 several vuriolies of tho mossI'OtiO aro given on tho authority of Mr. Shuil r, who, togctl1er with his futl1Cr, was cone mcd in their original propagation, in' Gard. Chron.,' 1852, p. 75D. 40 'Gard. Cbron.,' 18-!G, p. 5G.J:. 41 ' Transact. llort. Soc., vol. ii. p. 242. 42 'Schrifton der Phys. Okon. Gesell. zu Kuuig!lbcrg,' l!'ob. 3, 1865, s. 4. See also Dr. Cllspnry's paper in ''fmnsnctions of tbo llort. Cungrcsl:l of Am~lcrdam,' 1865. 43 'Om·d. Citron.,' 1852, p. 759. 4-1 ' 'l'mnsuct. Uort. Soc.,' vol. ii. p. 242. 45 Sir R. Schombnrgk, 'Proc. Linn. Roc. llot.,' vol. ii. p. 102. CHAP. XI. FLOWERS. 381 have boon recorded of roses suddenly becoming striped or changing their character by t>ogments: some plants of the Comtcsse do Chabrillant, which is properly rosc-colomod, were exhibited in ~8?2,46 ~th crimson flakes on a rose ground. I have seen tho Beauty of Billiard with a quarter and with half the flower almost white. The .Austrian bramble (R.lutea) not mrcly 47 produces branches with pmo yellow flowers; and P1·of. Honslow has soon exactly half tho flower of a pure yellow, and I have soon narrow yellow streaks on a single pcta}, of which tho rest was of the usual copper colour. Tho following cases aro highly remarkable. Mr. Rivers, as I am informed by him, possessed a now French rosa with delicate smooth shoots, ~)ale glaucous-green leaves, and semi-double palo flesh-coloured flowers stl'lpod with dark rod; and on branches thus characterised there suddenly appeared, in moro than one instance, tho famous old rose called the Bar?nne Provost, with its stout thorny shoots, and immense, uniformly and nchly colomod double flowers; so that in this caso the shoots, leaves, and flowers, ~11 at onco changed their character by bud-variation. .A.ccor?lng to M. ,Vcrlot 4s a variety called Rosa cannabifolia, which has peculiarly shaped leaflets, and differs from every member of the family in tho leaves being opposite instead of alternate, suddenly appeared on a plant of B. alba in the gardens of tho Luxombomg. Lastly, "a running shoot" was observed bY, .. Mr. H. Cmtis 40 on tho old Aimee Vibert Noisotto, and ho budded it on Coline; thus a climbing .A.imeo Vibcrt .was first produced and afterwards propagated. Dianthus.-It is quite common with the Sweet William (D. barbatus) to soc differently coloured flowers on the same root; and I have obs~rved on the same truss four differently coloured and shaded flowers. Carnations and pinks.( D. C(tryophyllus, &c.) occasionally vary by layers; ~nd so~o ~ds are so little certain in character that thoy arc called by flonculturists catchflowers." so Mr. Dickson has ably discussed the "running" of particolom·cd or striped carnations, and says it cannot be accounted for by the compost in which they are g1·own: " layers from the same clean flower would come " part of them clean and part foul, even when subjected to. precisely tho " same treatment; and frequently one flower alone appears influenced by " tho taint the remainder coming perfectly clean." 61 This running of the parti-colo~·cd flowers apparently is a case of reversion by buds to the original uniform tint of the species. . . I will briefly mention some other cases of bud.-v~nat:on to. show how many plants belonging to many orders have vaned m their flowe~s; numerous cases might be added. I have seen on a snap-dragon (Anttr?'Mnum majus) white, pink, and striped flowers on t~e same plant, and branches with striped flowers on a red-coloured varwty. On a double stock (Matthiolct incana) I have soon a branch bearing single flowers; and 46 'Gnrd. Chron.,' 1862, p. G1D. 47 Ilopkirk's 'Florn.Anomaln,' p.1G7. 48 • Sur la Production ct la Fixation des Varictcs,' 1805, p. 4. 49 ' Journal of Horticulture,' Murch, 18G5, p. 233. 60 ' Gard. Cbron.,' 1843, p. 135. 61 Ibid., 1812, p. 55. |