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Show CJIAP. r. 18 DOGS. 1 " With this most ancient and their ears stick out at righ~ ang es. variety a pariah-like dog coexi~t~\J tween four and five thou- We thus see that, at a peno . e ,· h dogs greyhounds, sand years ago, van.o us b roe ds ' VdIZ . palnaap dogs a' nd turnspi' ts , common hounoJ s, mas t' ffs house- ogs, ' t b ds I ' bl' ()' our prescn roe . . ted more or less closely resem hmtb y of these ancient oxis ' ffi . t vidence t a an . B t there is not su 1Cien c . . 1 b-varioties with our u 1 e 1dentica su · d dogs belonged to t 10 sam b licvcd to have existe A l ('f as man was e h t present dogs. r s onb 000 ars this fact of t e grca on this earth only about 6 lye p~riod was an argument of diversi.t y of t h e br,e eels at so .e ar yd ead from several wi ld sour,c es, much weight that they had pro: . t time for their divergence for there would not have been ~ t Cien know from tho discovery and modification. But now t ah we ains' of extinct animals of flint tools embedded w~th t e dre~ono m·eat geographical . h' h have smce un erg b- . d in distncts w 10 d £ . comparably longer peno , changes, that man has existe 1 or an tm barbarous nations possess . . 'nd that t 1e mos and bcarmg m mi f. · sufficient time falls mvay domestic dogs, the argument rom m <Yreatly in value. . h' t :c"l r·ecord the dog was o h . d of any IS on ·« Long before t e peno D . h Middens of the Neolithic domesticated in Europe. In thef ams ine animal are imbedded, St : od bones o a can or Newer one P.en '. r('fues that these belonged to a and Steenstrup mgemously a b t' of the bonos of birds J i' very large propor IOn domestic Ctog; 1or a . t f lon<Y bones which it was d · tl 0 refuse cons1s s o o ' preserve m 1 ' l . 8 This ancient dog was found on trial dogs cannot c evom . . . d by a larger k d . the Bronze peno ' succeeded in Denmar. ~rmg nd this arrain during the kind, presenting cert~m differe~~e~ a In Switz:rland, we hear Iron period, by a still larger m . 7 Dmjcau gives fac-similes of t~o Egyptian drawings. Mr. C. L. Mar~n, in his • History of the Dog,' 1~4.5, copws several figures from the Egyptam monuments, nnd speaks with mu~h cot~fidcn?e with respect to their identity Wtth still living Llogs. Messrs. Nott und Gliu~on (''Types of Mankind,' 1854, p. 388) g~ve still more numerous figures. Mr. Gltddon asserts that a curl-tailed greyhound, like that rcprcsentcu on ~he most a~cicnt monuments, is common m ~ornco ' but the Rajah, Sir J. Urooko, mforms mo that no such dog exists thc~·c . on s ''I hose and tho followmg facts the Danis' h remains, aro .t uk en froomir :M: 1\iorlot's most interesting rocm in.' Soc. V~udoiso d s c. Nat.,' tom. -vi., 1860, pp. 281, 299, 320. CJIAP.I. TIIEIR PARENTAGE. 19 from Prof. Rutimeyer, 9 that during the Neolithic period a domesticated do('/' of middle size existed, which in its skull was b about equally remote from the wolf and jackal, and partook of tho characters of our hounds and setters or spaniels (Jagdhund und Wachtelhund). Riitimeyer insists strongly on the constancy of form during a very long period of time of this the most ancient known clog. During the Bronze period a larger dog appeared, and this closely resembled in its jaw a dog of the same age in Denmark. Remains of two notably distinct varieties of the dog were found by Schmerling in a cave ; 10 but their age cannot be positive~y determined. The existence of a single race, remarkably constant in form during the whole Neolithic period, is an interesting fact in contrast with what we see of the changes which the races underwent cluring the period of the successive Egyptian monument~, and in contrast with our existing dogs. The character of this animal during the Neolithic period, as given by Riitimeycr, supports De Blainville's view that our varieties have descended from an unknown and extinct form. But we should not forget that we know nothing with respect to the antiquity of man in the warmer parts of the world. ~rhe succession of the different kinds of dogs in Switzerland and Denmark is thought to be due to the immigration of conquering tribes bringing with them their dogs ; and this view accords with the belief that different wild canine animals were domesticated in different regions. Independently of the immigration of new races of man, we know from the wide-spread presence of bronze, composed of an alloy of tin, how much commerce there must have been throughout Europe at an extremely remote period, and dogs would then probably have been bartered. At the present time, amongst the savages of the interior of Guiana, tho Taruma Indians are considered the best trainers of dogs, and possess a largo breed, which they barter at a high price with other tribes.n The main argument in favour of the several breeds of the 0 'Die Fauna der Pfahlbauten,' 1861, s. 117, 162. 10 Do Blainville, ' Osteographic, Canidre.' u Sir R. Scbombw·gk bas given mo information on this head. See ulso 'Journal of R. Gcograpb. Soc.,' vol. xiii., 184:3, p. 65. (1 2 |