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Show 132 CONDITIONS, ETC. HELPERS of the bees.* Coming back a step farther we may say that the old maids are also indirect friends of the humble bees, and indirect enemies of the field mice, as they keep the cats which eat up the latter ! This is an illustration somewhat beneath the dignity of the subject, perhaps, but it occurs to me in passing, and with it I will conclude this lecture. * The humble bees, on the other hand, are direct helpers of some plants, such as the heartsease and red clover, which are fertilized by the visits of the bees; and they are indirect helpers of the numerous insects which are more or less completely supported by the heartsease and red clover. LECTURE VI. A CRITICAL EXA~1INATION OF TI-lE POSITION OF MR. DARWIN'S ~r ORK, "ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES," IN RELATION TO THE COMPLETE THEORY OF THE CAUSES OF THE PHENOMENA OF ORGANIC NATURE. IN the preceding five lectures I have endeavoured to give you an account of those facts, and of those reasonings from facts, which form the data upon which all theories regarding the causes of the phenomena of organic nature must be based. And, although I have had frequent occasion to quote Mr. Darwin-as all persons hereafter, in speaking upon these subjects, will have occasion to quote his famous book on the "Origin of Species," -you must yet remember that, wherever I have quoted him, it l1as not been upon theoretical points, or for statements in any way connected with his })articular speculations, but on matters of fact, brought forward by himself, or collected by himself, and which appear incidentally in his book. If a man will make a book, professing to discuss a single question, an encyclopredia, I cannot help it. Now, having had an opportunity of considering in this sort of way the different statements bearing upon G |