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Show 1·) .... .~ TilE PRESENT CONDITION j a,Ys are working as a mill-and a very c01nplex mill too-grinding the corn, or crushing the grass to a l)ulp. As soon as that operation has taken place, t he food is passed down to the stomach, and there it is mixed with the chemical fluid called the gastric juice, a substance which has the peculiar property of making -oluble and dissolving out the nutritious matter in the grass, and leaving behind those parts which are not nutritious; so that you have, first, the mill, then a sort of chemical digester; and then the food, thus partially dissolved, is carried back by the muscular cont ractions of the intestines into the hinder parts of the body, while the soluble portions are taken up into the blood. The blood is contained in a vast system of pipes, spreading through the whole body, connected with a force-pump,-the heart,-which, by its position , and by the contractions of its valves, keeps the blood · constantly circulating in one direction, never allowing it 1o rest; and then, by means of this circulation of the blood: laden as it is with the products of digestion, the .kin, the flesh, the hair, and every other part of the body, dnn1s frmn it that which it wants, and every one ()f these organs derives those materials which arc necessary to enable it to do its work. The action of each of these organs, the performance of eac~1 of these various duties, involve in their operation a contmual absorption of the 1natters necessary for their support, from the blood, and a constant formation of waste l)roducts, which are returned to the blood and conveyed by it to the lungs and the kidneys, whic~ are ()rgans that have allotted to theln the office of extracting, separating, and getting rid of these waste pro- OF ORGANIC NATURE. 13 ·ducts; and thus the general nourishment, labour, and repair of the whole machine is kept up with order and regularity. But not only is it a machine which feeds and appropriates to its own support the nourishment necessary to its existence-it is an engine for locomotive purposes. The Horse desires to go from one place to another; and to enable it to do this, it has those strong contractile bundles of muscles attached to the bones of its limbs, which are put in motion by means of a sort of telegraphic apparatus formed by the brain and the great spinal cord running through the spine or backbone; and to this spinal cord are attached a number of fibres termed nerves, which proceed to all parts of the structure. By means of these the eyes, nose, tongue, anu skin-all the organs of perception-transmit impressions or sensations to the brain, which acts as a sort of great central telegraph- office, receiving impressions and sending mes sages to all parts of the body, and putting in motion the muscles necessary to accomplish any movement that may be desired. So that here you have an extremely complex and beautifully-proportioned machine with all its parts working harmoniously together towards one common object-the preservation of the life of the animal. Now, note this: the Horse makes up its waste by feeding, and its food is grass or oats, or perhaps other vegetable products; therefore, in the long run, th e source of all this complex machinerv.. lies in the veob -e-table kingdom. But where does the grass, or the oat, or any other plant, obtain this nourishing foodproducing material? At first it is a little seed, which |