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Show II8 in them ; liver-fl:one from frdh-wJter mufclcs; calcareous earth from land-anim~ls and vegetables, as marl ; beds of marble foftened by fire; whence Bath-fl:one conta111s lime as well as Iimefl:one. NoTE XVII ..... MoRASSEs. THE produCtion of moraffes from fallen woods ; account by the Earl _C:omartie ~f a new morafs; moraffes lofe their faits by folution in water ; then thctr non ; then· vegetable acid is converted into marine, nitrous, and vit:iolic acid~; whence g_Ypfum, alum, fulphur; into fluor-acid, whence flour; into filtceous actd, whence flmt, ~he fand of the fea, and other fl:rata of ftliccous fand and marl ; fomc moraffes ferment ltke new hay, and, fubliming their phlogifl:ic part, f~rm co:1l-beds above and clay below, which arc alfo produced by elutriation ; fhell-fifh 111 fome moraffes, hence 01el!s fametimes f.ou r:d on coals and over iron-fl:one. NoTE XVIII. .... ItwN. CALC I FORM ores; combufl:ion of iron in vital air; fl:eel from deprivation of vital air; welding; hardnefs; brittlenefs like Rupert's drops; fpecific lev.ity; h~rdnefs and brittlenefs compared; fl:eel tempered by its colours; modern produetwn of uon, manganefe, calarny; feptaria of iron-fl:one ejetl:ed from volcanos; red-hot cannon balls. NoTE XIX ..... FLrNT. 1. Siliceous roch from moraffes; their cements. 2. Siliceous trees,· coloured by iron or manganefe; Peak-diamonds; Brifl:ol-fl:oncs; flint in form of calcareous fpar_; has been fluid without much heat; obtained from powdered quartz and fluor-actd by Bergman and by Achard. 3· Agatu and onyxes found in fand-rocks; of vegetab~e orig~n; have been in complete fufion; their concentric coloured circles not from fupennduCl:wn but from congelation ; experiment of freezing a folution of the blue vitriol ; iron and manganefe repelled in fpheres a' the nodule of flint cooled; circular fl:ains of marl in fait-mines; fome flint nodules refemble knots of wood or roots. 4· Sand of the fea ,· its acid from moraffes; its bafe from fhells. 5"· Chert or petrofilrx firatified in cooling; their colour and their acid from fea-animals; labradore-fl:one from mother-pearl. 6. Flints in chalk-beds ; their form, colour, and acid, from the flei11 of fca-animals; fome are hollow and lined with cryfl:als; contain iron ; not produced by injeCtion from without; coralloids converted to flint; French-millfl:ones; flints fometimes found in folid fl:rata. 7· Angles of Jand defl:royed by attrition and folution in Hearn; filiceous breccia cemented by folution in red-hot water. 8. Bafaltes and granites are antient lavas; bafaltes raifed by its congelation not by fubterraneous fire. NoTE xx ..... CLAY. FIRE and water two great agents; fl:ratification from precipttation; many fl:ratified materials not foluble in water. r. Stratification of lava from fucceflive accumulation. 2. Stratifications of limefl:one from the different periods of time in which the lhells were depolited. 3· Stratifications of coal, and clay, a~d fandfl:one, and iron-ores, not from currents of water, but from the production of morar.s beds at d"tr · d f · ~orafs-be~s . . . u- J~rerent peno s o trme; become tgnttcd; the11· bitumen and fulphur is fublimed; the clay, lime, and uon remam; whence fand, marl, coal, white clay in valleys, and gravel-beds, and fome ochr~s, and fame calcareous depofitions owing to alluviation; clay from decompofed gramte; from the lava of Vefuvius; from vitreous lavas. Non XXI. .... ENAMELs. RosE-co~OUR and purple. from gold; precipitates of gold by alcaline fait preferable to thofc by tm ; aurum fulmtnans long ground; tender colours from gold or iron not diffolved but fufpe1~ded in the gbfs; cobalts; calces of cobalt and copper require a firong fire; Ka-o-lm and Pe-tun-tfe the fame as our own materi.als. NOTE XXII ..... PORTLAND VASE. ITS. figures d~ not allude ~o private hifl:ory; they reprefent a part of the Eleufinian rnyfl:enes ; marnage of Cuptd and Pfyche; proceffion of torches; the figures in one compartment reprefent MORTAL LIFE in the aB: of expiring, and HUMANKIND attending to her with concern; Adarn and Eve hieroglyphic figures; Abel and Cain other hieroglyphic figures; on the other compartment is reprefented IMMORTAL LIFE, the Manes or Ghofl: defcending into Elyfium is led on by DrvfNE LovE, and received by lMI~iORTAL LIFE, and conducted to Pluto; Trees of Life and Knowledge are emblematJca_ I; the figure at the bottom is of Atis, the firfl: great Hierophant, or teacher of myfl:enes. NoTE XXIII.. •.. CoAL. I. A fountain of foffile tar in Shroplhire; has been difl:illed from the coal-bed.~ beneath, and condenfed in the cavities of a faml-rock; the coal beneath is deprived of its bitumen in p:ut; bitumen fublimcd at Matlock into cavities lined with fpar. 2. Coal l1as been cxpofed to hear; woody fibres and vegetable feeds in coal at Bovey and P olefworth; upper part of coal beds more bituminous at Beaudcfer t ; thi 11 f1ratum of afphaltnm ncar Caulk; upper part of coal-bed worfe at Alfreton; upper fl:ratum of no value at Widdrington; alum at Well-Hallum ; at Bilf1on. 3· Coal at CoalbrookeDale has been immerfed in the fea, fhewn by fea- i11clls; marks of violence in the colliery at Mendip and at Ticknal; Lead-ore and fpar in coal-beds ; gravel over coal near Lichfield; Coal produced from mora!l~s i11ewn by f.:rn-l eaves, and bog-0 1 ells, and mufcle-Dlells; by fame parts of coal b~ ing fl: ill woody; from Loch N eagh and Bovey, and the Temple of the devil; fixed akali; oil. NoTE XXIV ..... GRANITE. GRANITE the Jowcfl: fl:ratum of the eJrth yet known; porph ory, trap, moorfion c, whin-fione, flate, bafaltes, all volcanic produCl:i ons di lfJ ivcd in red-hot WJter; volcauo.s in granite ftrata; differ from the heat of mor:dfe$ from ferment;~tion; the |