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Show 195 march up the White River Wash a t 6:45. At t h i s point the wash was l i t t l e more than a canyon, but as the explorers advanced i t began to widen considerably. Five miles up the t r a i l , they came upon the f i r s t evidence of water in this valley. In an otherwise dry creek bed, they found "a l i t t l e water standing o in pools...with new grass along i t s edges." What l i t t l e water there was, was strongly tainted with a l k a l i ; nevertheless, i t was a welcome find. In this region of l i t t l e water, the explorers quickly learned how to survive on what was available. Martineau recalled that in the desert nothing can take the place of water. Although the company had an abundance of coffee and tea and a l i t t l e brandy, "they cannot," wrote Martineau, "take the place of water to the thirsty-nothing can." He found that "men who use neither tea, coffee nor s p i r i t s , can endure the extremes of either heat or cold much better than can men who do use them." It was also discovered that the mules were far superior to horses for desert travel. The camp historian recalled: After a day's march beneath a burning sun without water, the horses, when unharnessed, would look about with tbe most forlorn appearance, give up entirely and seem as if ready to die; but the mules would have a good r o l l, shake themselves, nibble a dry greasewood, then look about them with an k intelligent air-in short they never gave up. Martineau also found that the mules possessed a far greater a b i l i t y to scent water than horses, and they were superior to dogs for sentries. After watering t h e i r stock, the company proceeded up the wash finding more standing pools of water the farther north they got. As they rounded the north end of the Seaman Range t o t h e i r l e f t , the valley widened into a broad, flat Plain. Looking t o tbe west across tbe wide valley, they now bad an unobstructed view of the so-called White Mountains, the object of their march since they were |