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Show fS1 peringfo apoiut. its whole lC'ngth being ft·om one to two am) u ) 1alf inehes, nnd whit<'. moot h, h -. t·d and thin • • \ small1hl't'ad is passed tht·ough it, :md the \\ampum is t:itht•t· uspt•ntlt•t\ fJ'OIO 11w nose. ot· 11asscd flu·ough the t':uti lag.- hot•izontalh. ' and for·ms a t•iug. from which other oJ·u~um·nts hang. 'l'hi~ wnmpu m is employed in the same way as tlw beads, but i tho fa, ouritc <l<'(·m·ation for· the nosl'S of the men. 'rlw men <llso us<' co1lar·s madt.~ of lJcaJ•s' ria'~ s, the women and t•hildt• f'n thosf~ of elks' tusks, and both sexes arc adorned with bt·aceh•t s of coppe-r, it·on, or brass, in v~u·iou forms. Yet all these th~<·ot·ations arc una,·ailin;; to <'Oncc~t l the <lrformit.ies of natul'e and the t~XIt•av~tgancc of f'a!:-llion; nor J1avc we sNm any mot·e disgustiug ol~jf'cf than a Chinnook or Cla.tsop ht•auty in fuiJ aHiJ·c. 'l'heit· Ln·oad nat foreheads, ilwir fallin~ ht·casl.s, their ill sha11rd limbs, tht~ aukw:U'dness of I heh· positions, and tlac Jilth wltieh intr·udrs tlu·ough tlwir finery; aiJ tl1e~e t•cnder a Chinnook ot• Cla.(sop bcauly iu full aU it·c, ouc of the most <lisgust inh objects in na.lut·c. ~·ot·tunatl'ly this (~i•·<·uu•stmwc con pil't'd with the low diet and laborious c.Aercisc of om· nu' n, to pt·otect them from the . pct·scnwin~; t;allautt·~ of tlac fait· sex. who!:!e I ilHincs!:-talwa.ys cxcee<lcd the ot•dinat·y courtesies of' hospitality. Among these pco1'le, as indeed among ail Jmlia.ns. the pt·o;.;titu{ion of unmarr·ied women is so fal' from he in:" t•onsid(•J•Nl criminal ot· iuq)l'oper, that. the femal •s tht>mselvcs solicit the fu, ·ou•·s of th(• otlu't' sex, with the c.ntit•e appl'oiJation of tht·i•· fl·iends aud connexion .. 'Jibe {H~•·son is in f:wt often flH only propl'l'f.Y of a young 1'cmale, and is thct·cfot·c th' Jll('llium of tt·adr. the rctu1·n f'o•· IH·escnts, and the rc\\'~u·d for services. In most ca cs. ItO\\ ('Vet·, the f·male i~ so mueh at the uisposal oflwt· husband or p~u·<·nt, that she is f<ll'01('U out for hil'c. 'J'hc Chin nook Wotllan, who lwou~;ht hcl' ~ix female relations to ou1· ramp, ltad rP~ulat'lll'I('t'., pt·opot·tiow·d to the beau1yofca.ch rrmale; aml amou~ all the tt·il>l's, a man willlcncl Jab wife or (h\llghtct· fot· a iibh-l10ok o•· a ·fl·aml of beads. 'J'o dccHnc nn offet' of~ hi~ sorl i;) iml.ecd to disparage the charms of thf. Up the Jl!issow·i. 135 lat.ly, ami therefore gives suoh offence, that although we )nul occasionally to treat the Indians with rigoul', nothing seemed to irritate both sexes more than our refusal to accctJt tht favours oft ftc females. On one occasion we were amused by a Clat~wp, ~vbo having been cured of some disorder by out· wcdical skill, brought his si ·ter as a reward for om· li.imlncss. 'J'bc young lady was quito anxious to join in this CXPJ'CSsion or bet• brother's gr·atitude, and JllOl'tified that we did not avail out·scht>s of it, she conlcl not be prevailed on to leave the fot·t, but remained'" ith Chahoneau's wif'e, in the next room to ours, fol' two or thrco daJ s, declining aJl the solicitations of tbe men, till 1iuding, at la~ t, that we did not rcl<'nt. she '' e.nt a. way, rc.gl'ctting that her lH'other':; obligatious were unpaid. 'l'he litO~ iutcreom·Hc which the men lmve had with these wonu.'n is, howt'VCI', su fli <'ient to apprise us oi' the )U'evalenee or the veucrcal discast-. with which one or two of the party had been so much afllict.f'd, as to render a salivation ncccssat·y. 'l'he inft·ction in these cases was eommu~ nicated by the Chinnool... women. The otht'l'S do not appeat.· to be afllicted with it to any(•xtcnt: iudc·cd, notwithstamlinb' tbis disortle1· is certainly lwo\\ n to the Indians on the Co lumbia, Jd Uw number of iufectcd persons is very inconsi· derablc. The existence of' such a disorder is very eaHily detected, pm·t.ieulal'ly iu the nu·n, iu their OJlen style ot' d1·ess; yet in the whole route down the Columbia, we have not seen more than two ot• th1·ec cases of gouonhrea, and about douLlc that number of lut.'s veuerca. 'I'hcr·e dues not seem to llc any simples which al'e used as spedfics in this disordtn ·, nor t!; any tompletc cul'c ever eJiceted. 'Vhcn once a patient i~ seized, the ~i ->o •·dor euds with his Jjfc only; though from the sjmplicity or thei1· c.lict. and the us~ of cct·tain vegetables, they suppot·t it for many yeut·s with but J ittlc incouvenieuce, and even c11joy tolerable health; yet their life is always abl'id1;cd hy tlcerepitude ot· tn·cmat ure old age. 'I'he Indians, who arc most ty successful in h·catiug this |