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Show 408 INSECTA. Like the Lamellicornes of the ensuing section, the last c J)hag1· have al 1 theu· · ra eet m· set·tec1 equ1• d 1 · stant f rom each other, aonpdro a. very distinct sc.utell.um. The la~i~l p~lpi are glabrous 01· but slightly pilose, and their thud and last JOint Is larger, or at least longer than the preceding ones. The elytra completely envelope the contour of the abdomen, or form an arche~ roof to it, a character which ap· proximates them to the Scarabre1des of the following section. lnde. pendently of this, these Insects, with respect to their antennre and legs, are closely allied to those of the preceding subgenus; but the sexual variations are less strongly marked, and frequently consist of mere tubercles. They are all small. Several species appear in the very beginning of Spring. They form two subgene1·a. APIIODius, Illig. Fab.-Scarabreus, Lin. Geoff.-Copris, Oliv. In which the last joint of the pal pi is cylindrical, and that of those attached to the labium somewhat more slender than the preceding ones, or at least not thicker. There is no appendage or corneous and dentated lobe to the inner side of the maxillre. The body is rarely short, with the abdomen arched, and when these characters are present, the thorax is not transversely sulcated. .11 • .fimetarius; S . .fimetarius, L.; Panz., Faun. Insect. Germ., XXXI, 2. Three lines in length; black; elytra and a spot on each side of the thorax fulvous; three tubercles on the head; el ytra with punctured strire( 1 ). PsAMMomus, Gyll. Where the last joint of the palpi is oval and the thickest and longest of the whole number, and in which the internal lobe of the maxillre is comeous and bidentated. The body is short, the thorax transversely sulcated, and the abdomen inflated(2). panus, nemetrinm, nemestrinus, sabmus, Jacltus, &c., of Fabricius; the .tltemkut 'I'molus, Fischer, Entomog. H.uss., J, viii, l, 2, is a Copris. (1) See Schrenherr, Synon. Insect., I, 1, p. 66; Panz., Ind. Entom., p. 7. (2) The only one I refer to it is the Psammodiu& sulcicollis, Gyll., Insect. Suec. I, P· 9. The other species arc tt·ue Aphodii. Sec Encyc. Method., article P&am· modie. The genus Euparia, established in the Encyc. Method., by MM. Lepeletier and Serville, belongs to this section, but as they have not completely describedi~ and I have never seen the Insect on which it is founded, I cannot assign its place. According to those gentlemen, the sides of the head are dilated and form a trian· gle. The posterior angles of the thorax are emarginatcd, and t11e humeral angles ·of the elytra are prolonged anteriorly into a point. The only species quoted is the castanea. The5e characters, and even the colour, induce me to suspect that is genus is closely allied to the Eurysterne of Dalman, which we have nl~eftrly mentioned. COLl-:OPTERA. 409 This subgenus conducts us naturally to the first of the following section, that of the AnENIOOLI. These Scarabreides, with the A phodii and Psammodii, are the only ones whose elytt·a entirely cover the postct·ior cxt1·emity of the abdomen, so that the abdomen is completely concealed; but they are distinguished from the latter by several characters. The labrum is coriaceous, and most f1·equently juts out beyond the epistoma. The mandibles are corneous, and usually salient and arcuated. The terminal lobe of the maxillre is straight, and has no iuward curve. The third and last joint of the labial palpi is always very distinct, and at least almost as long as the preceding one. With some few exceptions their antennre a1·e composed of ten or eleven joints. These Insects are also cop1·ophagous, make deep holes in the ground, fly particularly du1·ing the evening, after sun-set, and counterfeit death wht'n seized . . According to M. Leon Dufour, the alimentary canal of Geotrupes, one of the principal subgenera of this section, is somewhat shorter than in Copris, and the stomach presents no vestige of papillre(I). He1·e-Geotrupides, Mac Leay--the labium is terminated by t o lobes, or salient ligulre, the mandibles are generally salient and arcuated; the l:tb1·um is either wholly or partially exposed, and the antenn; e in most of them are composed of eleven joints. The body is black Ol' reddish, and the elytra smooth or simply striated. The males generally have horns, ot· differ in other external characters from the females. They feed more particularly on excrementitious matters. The antenn.-e of some are composed of nine joints. JE.oxALIA, Lat.-.!lphodius, Fab. The labrum short, transversal, scarcely apparent and entire; terminal point of the mandibles bifid; internal lobe of the maxillre corneous and bidentated; the body short and inflated; thorax tnnsversal; abdomen gibbous; the four posterior tibire thick and incised, the two last terminated by two compressed and almost elliptical or spatuliform spu1·s; the two anterior tibire have no tooth on the inner side; the posterior thighs are the largest(2). CHinoN, Mac Leay.-Diosomus, Dalm.-Sinodendron, Fab. The Chirones, in their antenna} club, which is rather semi-pecti- (1) See Ann. des Sc. Nat., III, p. 234. (2) PBammodiw arenari'U8, Gyll., Insec. Suec. I, p. 6; &arab,.u~globolm, Panz., Faun. Insect. Germ., XXXVII, 2; .f.lplwdiu1 armarim, Fab. VoL. III.-s B |
