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Show 74 CRUSTACEA. II YPPOL YTE, Leach. The Hyppolytes only differ from Alpheus in the respective p . portJ·O n o f theu· · cia ws; the second are lon'ger than the first( 1) . ro The two last following subgenera have this peculiarity; but a single pair of their feet terminate in a didactyle claw. ~n the Au-roNOMEA, Risso, It is the two anterior, which arc also distinguished from th others by their size, their thickness, and their disproportion(2). 1~ PANDALus, Leach, The two anterior feet arc simple, ~r hardly bifid; the two following ones a~e longer, of unequal length and didactyle, the carpus and precedmg segment annulated. The external foot-jaws are very long and slender, at least in some of them. The anteriot· projection of the shell is greatly extended and multidentate(3). ' Sometimes the superior antennre have three threads. They have four didactyle claws, the smallest of which are folded up, and an elongated rostrum. PALJEMoN, Fab. Prawns are distinguished from the two following s b b h . . . u genera y t eu· mart1culated carpus; the second feet are larger than the first; the latter ar~ doubled up. A remarkably large species is found in the East Indtes, the second claws of which are very long. Tolerably large ones a:e also found at the Antilles, some of which frequent the mouths of r1vers. Those on the coast of F~·ance are much smaller, and are known there by the vulgar names of Orevettes and e~ z· Th · fl h · . oa ~coques. etr es IS more highly esteemed than that of the Sl .· A d . M 111mp. C· cor . mg to .... de Brcbisson-Catal · Method · des c rus t . t errest. et fluv1at., de depart. du Calvados,-they arc taken 1'n the s ame manner as th· e l1a tt1e r Crustacea, .b ut in the summer only. Prawns s w1· m we 11 , part1cu ar y when cscapmg from }Jursuit ' and 1'n vari· ous d1' rcct1·o ns. They are always found about the shore· • The }1'thog r a p1u •c stone of ( 1t). ~ To this• •s ubgenus should be referred the p,.z.. ,...,._ mon a·w ers,·m ane, and P. mq,rure, of OllV!er. See Desmar., Consid., p. 220. 111(24) . .ll.utono~ea Oli~ii, Risso, Crust., p. 166; Cancer glaber, Oliv., Zool. Adriat., , , Dcsm:u., Constd., p. 251, and 252. .lla(t3ac}u aP annadrwalauls Faunbn u.l icornis, Leach. '.M aln: c • Bt·it ., XL·• p an d al u s narwal, Latr.; 4 ' . ' l!almmon pr,stts, Rtsso; Cancer armiger.'J Herbst. XXXIV . See Desmar., Constd., p. 219, 220. ' ' DECAPOD A. 75 heim and Solhnofcn, frequently exhibits the debris of a fossil Pappen us animal, referred by Desmarest to the Prawns, under crustaceo · l 'fic appellation of spinipes-Hist. Nat. des Crust. Foss. XI, the Istp edco es in fact resemble . . It, but the claws are wantmg. A second ;~ssil species, but much larger, has been. discovered in England. Pal. serrntus, Leach, Malac. Bnt. XLIII, 1, 10; Herbst., xxvn, 1, is from four to five inches long, of a pale reel colour, which becomes more vivid on the antenme, the posterior margin of the segments of the tail, and particularly on the terminal fin. The rostrum extends beyond the peduncle of the intermediate antenncc, is recurved at its extremity, and has five teeth above, exclusive of the point, and five beneath. The fingers are as long as the penultimate joint. It is found on the coast o[ France and England, and is the species of this subgenus that is more particularly sold at Paris. A sort of wen is frequently, and at all seasons, observed on one side of the shell, which covers a parasite Bopyrus, which fastens upon its branchicc. Pal. aquilla, Leach, Malac. Brit., XLIII, 11-13; Cancer aquilla, L.; Squilla fusca, Bast., Opusc. subs., lib. 2, 111, s, is but half the size of the serratus. Its rostrum scarcely extends beyond the peduncle of the superior antenn<£, is almost straight, or but slightly recurved, is emarginated at the extremity, and has seven or eight teeth above, and three below. The fingers of the claws are somewhat longer than the hand. Common on - the coast of France and England(!). • The carpus is articulated, or presents annular divisions in the two following genera, viz. SYsMATA, Risso: ante MELIOERTA, ejusd. Where the second pair of claws are larger than the first(2), and ATHANAS, Leach, In which, on the contrary, the fit·st pair is larger than the second( 3). The last subgenus of this section, that of (1) See th; article Palemon, Encyclop. Method., and of the second edition of the Kouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., and Desmar., Consid., p. 2S6-238. See also in relation to the nervous system, the Mem. Cit., of Messrs Audouin and Milne Ed-wards. (2) Lysmata seticauda, Risso, Crust., II, 1; Desmar., Consid., P· 238. (3) .IJ.thana.' nite.~cens, Leach, Malac. B•·it., XLlV; Desmnr., Consid., P· ~39, 240; de llreb., Crust. du Calv., p. 23, 24. |