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Show 78 IW<'K Y MOIJN 'l'A I N • ('l •:N l•: ltY. Sca.phiiN;orbon.t-shapellsh<' ll , looking Vl'l'.)' muclt like a ln.rg1 ' worm <·oil t•d ll]l an<l ht• tw<• its tHtllH', S. IAti'IJil':f'om i s. 'l'h etll' sltPIIH kwt• n •eP ivt•<l all 01\. of nnm<'S in tlw t·ounlry, a.n< l Lit<' ntost won<lerf'ttl tal ·r:; an• n•lal <•d of p\'ll'i fi P<l :;nakPH p[('. . . . . lany y<'a t·:-~ a~o, whPtl 1 waH attar hL•d to a llltldary t•xpt•<l.ttt o ~t 011 tlH· Y ellowsionl' l~i,•e r our party c;lltll ' loa most r •ntarlmbk loealdy for ! l ~t•sp pt'<' llliar fos::;il:. TIH'.)' wt•n·. <' tll'l ost•d in <'r~ n crl'liouary ntaKHt'H, of h_luP lin wstolll', and whl'n lh<' soldH•rs m·rP knoektng out tlH 'HP Htnall ~!'aj)llllt •s with :L row f tulwre!Ps on Pach sidt• of lhl' baf'k, tlH'.}' l l t·onoutH'l'd tht'l ll with 111ost <'lll}Jltatir Hllfhorit_\' to hL' loha<TO WOI'IIIH. 'l'hp Haruliks. A 1111 noniLes, Srapltiks nnd (Itt• g r·t•;d ,·ari t·ly of' eha.t11ben•<l sh!'lls 1Jplong ton group that iH now Pxli nrt, though 1110 ·t a.bundard in atH'iPrd litnPs. Alt't'ILtly a.· lti<Lny as 1,200 SlH'l'it•H ha\'\' 1)(•('11 d 'Ht: rilw<l by v aleo ntologists, Hllll it il:i probable th;d at 1\'asl as 111any 111on• will lw foutHl atHL yt•l lht• on ly rPniiHLilt of thal gn·at f';tntily I iring in 011r Jll't'S<' IIL spa, i r:; t·ompri s('d in fin• ot· :;ix spec it•i:i ol' Nautilus. Morl' 111<111 forty :;p •c it•s of' f'o.-sil Nmtlilus han• ht•<•n found n,nd many morP ll'ill bP diseOI'< 'I'!'d. All on•t· this Roek y Mountnin r1•p;ion fmm IIH' A t'!' lie 'in· ]p lo !Itt' l · llnnu ~ of Dari •n, !ltl' • n•lnnrknbll' tunritH' ::;lu•lls a.rl' f'ound and in "<lllll' int~l:tlll' l'~ upon Lite• Htlllltllil :; of tltP lollil':<t rall g(•s. 'l'ht• vaiiL·ys of lit <' l'ppl' l' Missonri aml Yt•llowstonp Rivc· rs ]t;l\' l' nl n• a.<ly yil'l<l l'cl nearly ..JO() vari vt i •:; of I lll'HI' S<'<t-s iH ·II ::;. \.Yo ltavo tlwrcl'on• thP mo,;t n,mpl • ov idl'll <'t', that in ll<tst gvologil'a.l t.int t's t lt c• g rea.L OC'l'all I'OII t•d all OV ' I' tit • :11'\';t now Ol'l' ll]lil 'Cl 1lj' lilt' liiOllllhtill l'<tlll!,'l'S. Al'lPt' pa ·:;ing Uooppr'r; t'n•Pk Station W<' eotne into l ite b lack clays of' lht> LOWl'l' Cr •taceon s, ;ttHlllH• app<'antllrl' of' Ute country 1Wl'Ollll'·' tlrl'ary and HterilP in th · •xl t'<' llll'. Tlw wa.lPl':-l are a,lkalinP, and tht> t'l' is no lintiH'r aiOIW lhl' (' J' 'l'k t'XC'Ppt Hlinh•tl ll'illow:;, :lllU \'l' r.}' li LtlL' g ra::>' 0 1' I'Pp;<'latiOll <'Xcept cht•nopntliacl'OUH Hlll·nb:;, whielt n.rl' fond of' thit:~ a,llmline Hoi!. .As fant tlt • yc can rrach notltil1g (·an1w se<'lt but Ill 'S<' ·omb t'<', pbt Ht ic· rlay s. Tit • r~ nrfaco al o pt·e;.;<•nt::; UtP char:teiL•ristie monotonous appt'lli':LII CL', wlli c·h is common wit,,. 'VL'l' tht•::;e day;.; pn·va.il. Six miks befot·o n•:w hing Uomo, W<' CO IIHl to ~t n inL<•r •sting q n.arry of' ·and::;to n<•, f't·out wltich th ' ntak ri al:; fot· Ll1 • con tructi n of th • <'Xl<•n;.;ivP mil road b uiluin g~:; a.t La.mmi<' Uily and ' It •yenml arc ol1l::ti 1w<l. Tit , t·o<·k i.- gmy, oa t ·:-~ • and ft·iable, an<L Otll' would ·up})(J P noL cltll·abl t• c·notwh for such iutpol'lant truclut'l':<, hut il i · ea.- ily wrouO'hl i11lo any <1 •tt•rminate form. Thi i a l ocality '1' 111> I. A ltAMII~ PI.,\I NH. 7!) to wltil'lt J call tit<' sp<'rial att<•11 t ion of' tlt <· g<•ologi f!t a. onE' in whi f'h 1ltPt'O is an int<•r •fiLing prohlt•m to work out., viz. : whaL iH tit<' xa ·l po ~ il ion of' this :-;ancl :;lono in I Ito gt'o logiml St'ri c•H. IL i · Jill cd wiLlt f'mg nwnts of' v1·gPtablc> impn'HHions, wit.lt l:l llltl'tilll •.· quit.<' di slinl't d<•e i<luous lt'IL\'t'H, 111111 ·It lik' l hosp alrC'acly not it'l'd in cltnptL' I' 1 l. , a.:; on· utTi ng at Hlal'khil'([ ll ill, 011 the l\(i ·souri Riv!'l'. Tit \ il'aV('S or tho willow n.n<.L poplar Ill'( ' r]llilc cli ~t ind , n•ntimling on ' of t hose g rowing nlong Oll t' littl t• :;(t·(·ams aL tho prc•:PnL day, and y!'l th l'.}' are all of' t>xli nt'L SJH't: il't>. 'l'h L•s<' sandslonPs are lol'al and S('l' lll lo lta vt• bl't'n d<•po:-; ited O\'t' l' n Hlllall an•u., ina:;nutr·lt a til <·y cweur nowlt t• t'<' C"h-;e 011 t it • p lain s, .·o fat· as I lta.v • obsl'I'V<·d. 'I'll<' l>laek shal t'H fill t•<l wi th n' tllain ::; of fi shl'H and marino shPll f! o<'<'ll r nbove n.nd lJ •low Lit <• sa ri([:-;LoneH, showing v<· ry ell·arly t hat t ltvy an• of Lowet· Cmtar<'O IIS ag<'. ' till it wo11l1l lw a tnat tt•r of in l<•l'(•r:;L (o alt<·n1pL thP r·n11 slnwtion of' llt l' 111tysieal co n<Litioll R, wlli clt Wl' t'<' tlt'Ct'HHn. t·y in tl 1os<· olrl •,. •ta<'l'O IIH l i nt <'H tll.)'ria(L of aM(' ago, fot· t Ito or•t•n.n ll'aler · to dPpoKiL such an a<·r·umulali on of sandy ntaf (•t·ial in litis loeali t . Tit • H<'<'IH' t·y is Ho nu•whaL (' ltangPtl also, tl1<• li ttlt• stren.nt wlli <·h c11t · thmugh the I'O<'kH, flows tltro ll " h l'l'l'lieal walls of t lw S<1.lld ston • 100 to 200 f'ppt high. Fnrl ltPt' 0 11 toward Uo111 o, we H<'(' on ou t· ri gl tt hnn<l tl;P bric·k -r ·tl ht•ds wltit·lt at·<' HO ('O il1111 0 11 al ong t iH• RlO]l< 'H of' the fin;t ntll"'l', 1H ('onto f-ltat ion llt L• road r1111H t ltm ugh a (' llriOIIH :tllli clinal n Lll <'y, t it <' stmta inclining in oppmdtn llirvl' t ionl'\ about noriiH':tHt nnd HO ttLhwt·sl. Tho so ulltwt•s!, sidn di t:> plays Lh <' 111 ost ·onlpiPit• HNi!'H of' t It t> l>l'ds. 'f'ltpy aro ('0111pOsl'd f'or I It <· lllOHt part of ni t 'l'll:tt . lllj'(' l' ' or f':t lltl fi an l SOi lll' ltanll'l' b<'ds of' sand:;; tont•, buL lltN ' nn· a f<•w of Lh<'HI' lwds of' rn al'l , ot· l illlt'slolll', in whi :11 an• fo11n <l g rmt q nanti til's of f'ossi l It •li s, Ostrm Penta ·rinus, ,.\ s(r>rstC/18 and llt'{elllnites rlensu.s-. 'l'h1• oyslPI' is a vP ry mall on 1·; tit, ·Ia r-fi :;h iH l't•ry lwauli f'ul b ut i ntpt• rf'<'<:L; and t ltv Bel N il II ilf> or :t neit•IIL ruWt•- fi ·It iH mot·<' abundant and nton• eharadt• ri st ic than tl1 ollH•r:;. Tlt c>y n.re all of' W<•ll known Junu;sie typ<'R. J\ll around the sltor<'H of t he pretty lit t l<• lak ' tlt ouHn.nd ::; of tit< l' .·hrL t'p poittll'<lllelemnit '8 ltnv<· bl't'n o·a.Lht •t·l·tl ancl gi v<' ll io tmv(•l ct·. 'l'lt<'Sl' fossil ;.; at· v<• ry abundan t in so lll pmt::; of' J•;llt·op •, whl'ro tlt y n.rc rail ·cl " Latli<'H' J•;ingt•rs," !'rom 1.1t !'it' long slondN, S.}' lllllll'triea.l sha}» . 'l'h<• ·e fnwnwnts an• all tltat rl'lllain of an animal that wa ' p1·obably q ui tP largP :tncl · n1plieatt·d in its tl'llCtUI'<', lliUClt Jiko tit!' •utt] •-fi ·l1 of' 0111' pres •nt f:i<•as. It Ullcl oubtl'cl ly had th ·]lOw 'I' to · •c· t·Pt<' a black liquid a or t of ink or· t>pia, whit-It it |