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Show u IWCK Y MO(' NT.\I N H(' I•:;:-J EI:Y . whi ·h fl ow from sr rings JW:tl' Lh<' bn~m of the llill H, afT'on.linn· but n conqmmtiv •ly i'nlall supply of walPI' frolll tl1at ::;OIII'Gl' .. "'N , wi 11 allucl, for a niOllH'II L lo w hn,t W(' 1w1 u•vo I o b Ll1 e t•c·onomi · Yalnc of tlH:' linlb<'r in th<• Hla<'k ] I ills lo th <' pno pl t• now mpidly sctlliJw the wc•si<'I'H tPI'I'ilory. As Wl' have pn•vion.sly l.'<·nmrk<' cl in this chapter tlH•se hills O('<'npy an area ahoul 100 n11IPs 111 Jenglh nnd about GO in bn•adlh, or 0,000 sq n:n'l' mil l'S. l think it is snJl' to say that at least OIH'-thi nl or I his area, or ahonl 2,000 Hquar<' miles, o1· 1,2 0 000 acres, is cov<' l'<'d with Pxcelll'llt ]Jill!' Lirubel'. Til<' qn<' 'lion at•i ', how i!:! thiH Liml><•r lo b' tn:ulc· availablP? As l.Jof'on' statPcl, Lhe two f'o rks of th<' ClwycJmr H.iv<'l', aH il wen', <:lltsp Lhc Bla<'k Hill s, Llw two b n1.1lelH•s passi11g along elos<· Lo tlwir llorllll'l'\1 and Houllwrn hor<ll'I'R. A I !Past l'mm four lo Hix rn ontliH of lh<' y<':tr lh<'.'C l rP:tll h' an' q11i lt' high. Tlw l op;R could bo cut and takPn to tlw sic1Ps of' lii <'S<' sln'arnK dn ri11g llH• chy Sl'a:omn, and w JH•n lht· wat<•l" an· high in th<' S}ll'ing or l11P Yl'ft l' IIH'.}' ('O IIId ll<' takf'll down into the ~li · ·ouri Ril'<' l' HHfPly :tllll withouL Ill II ·h C:liffi ul ty. AL ll'aHl, that iH my impt'PHsion. 111 a rqlOrt nmd<' to G<'llt•ml U. K. \V ai'I'PII, ~Jar It ] 5, l SiiG, I mad<· li S!' or I lu· followi II ~ lnngua.p;<': ' The Blark llills wlricll aplW:LI' ill Lltr di slanc' an<l dPril'l' llt l'ir II<Lllll' front llwir dark anc1 gloorny :t]lp!•ara.ne<·, rnnlain a.n itwxhauf:!lible q nantity of lho lin<'~;l limbe t ·, tn ostly ]lint·, wlrielr will douhtl<•sH n•llra.ill undi ~;L nrbe<.l for many }'<'<LI'S to <:0 1110. ·1 will, hnw<'V<' I', lli'Oj)OKn a plan f'o1· obLainino· llris lilllh!'l' mrd l'l'JHll'l'inp; iL IIHPf'ul to rutun• HPLLII'rH; llroup;li T do it with somo li('sitalion, !Psl il may ,'f'<' lll viKionary. ThP I I'L fork or the Ch<•y('ll \1(' passe. tllronglr IIH• \lortlwm portion or lhl' Bla('k llill s, and iH t'Vl'll lhPrr n, c nsid<'mblP slt·Pam, fr m 80 to !iO yarcb wid<'. In liH• Hl)rin p; Uw riv<:'r is mn<"h HWO]I n a.nd tiH' !'ll t't'<•nt. l'X<'<'Pd ingly rapid, and lhP limb r, if' eut ttll<l haniPd Lo lh<' hank;; of llll• ri vt•r, migh t be flon.ted ~l own into ll1c MiHsotu·i with ronKidl.mtb l<' Hfti'Ply and ea <'." At. lho lrnw lhC' al)OVO WaH written I lmd HPOil bnL lillle or Lho Black Hill s, Md nothin"' WfLH known of' thl' geography of I liP fo1·ks of the l1 ye11n •. 'l'hn gPologierLl slntelUI'l' of Llll• Black Uills nmy lw hriPII r m!'ntion d hPJ'!'. 'l'hP n u ·kn 01· til<• • l .. 1 ·t· · · · . · . • . l 11 I,L )lOI IOn IS COll1)lOHI'd of !'Pel i!'ld spathl gmurl(' Wllh n. '!'riP'. or 111 (· I c·' •IIIOI' )lI l.l ' SI: :t<t 'S nnd f\C' hi' H(H fi ii]Wl'.lr tl]lOSPU, anu th •nee Ul>On each ·id c (' 'I , .· f l . . . ~ • e J l' n.x1s o e l'Val ron I liP I' ll I'IOHH foKKi I i feron · ( l IO:Otl H . I 1'111 (' .I I •. 7 formations of' IJiiH r·pgioll f'oJIOW ill lllt•ir ordt•l' to til<• Hllllllllil l'l of lilt• Orel:te<·ouH, Ill<' wllol ' i11c:lining a gain ~; !, l,ho g r:rniloid 1'00kH al, a p;n •ai< 1· or h'HH :Wgle. '1'11( •1'\' H\'!' 1118 lo lw no liiii'OIIf'OrllH\l>ilily ill tlu• fOHHilif'!'I'O \IH I'O<'ks, fhJIII lhl' PotHdarn in(•! 1\Hin· to tiro lop or tlrP Cn•t:weOII H. 1•'1'0 111 Llu' , fitds W<' dmw llll' illl'<•l'l'nl'l' ll1al , prior to lll <' <·l l'v:tt ion of' IIIP Bl:t<'k lliii H, wllitll 11\ILHI hav<· ()('(' IIIT< 'd af't('l' IIIP dl•position or lh <· 'ret:H'l'Oili'l rof'k ·, all liH'S<' fonnalions ])I'I'HI'I1l<'d an nnhrol-t'n <:ontinuity ov r tlr • wliOit• :tl'l':t <H'I'upi cd by tlrt'HI' nionrllaiuK. 'l'lri · iK an imporlau l eonel11sion, and Wl' Hliall lrt•n·af'lt•l· st •o ilK applil'alion to oth<'l' mng<'H, and :tlso lo llw Rorky Mouutain r:w gl' tak< •tt i11 tltP agO' regntl'. Proc·.<·eding in a soHthwl' t dirPeLion l'ron1 l11' Bla ·k. Hilh;, W!' fintl that t iiPn· aro arnpl1• }Jr·oo l' · of Lll<' eonru •<:l ion of tll<•so lrills wil,lt Uw Lammi<• J\·lon11tains lllrough a low anli -elinal whi('lr ·an ht• l'ollowc·tl for rnany "' ii<•H. I t is SO IIIPtinwH concl'a l!•tl by lh' rl'C<"nt ll'rliary 1w<1H h11t it n•ap}Wat·s al diffprPnt points. By tlr!' Lantmil' Iounl:tins w1• clPsign:tt<' that gmup of nuwes whielr I'XI<'IHlH fro111 lhl' R1•tl But!Ps ·outlrwa.rcl to th Ark:11rsa. 'l'lriH gronp, wll('ll I'XaminN1 in dl'tail, iH comp<>Ht•cl of' a largt• lllllllb<' l' of snrall pr rang<' , all, a · liLI' as l lravf' oh '1'1'\'ell or Uw ll'\11' wnniti. lypP. '1'110 tr>rHl of til\ whoh· group i. vt•ry n<•:trly nor! h and .·outh, JIOI·llrwarcl :tH far :LH I~o r t Lat·amil', wh<'n i t m:tk<'i:! an a brnpL fl <•x Ill' a.r·ounll io tho w<•::;t and north Wl'HL, aud g radually '<'aSI'i:! ot· dil' · ont at Lho l~<'l1 Butt<•s. !•'rom tllis point , Wl'stward and norU11vard, llll' l'H is a spac·<· fwm 20 to 40 mil•·s in widllt UP.·titntt• or IIIOnntain Pl!'vations, tliOIIgh t ht• strata exltibi t ov id<•n e<·H of' di I oral ion or ·rusl mov<·lm·ntH. Th Lammi rang1' is al o compo ·ed g<•ologi<'ally of a granitoid nuciNl, with I he fosKilift• ron · format.ionr;, Silul'iau, 'arbonifl•rou .·, H.1• L ar •m1 'l'O ll i:l bl'd · (Tria. Hie), .Jural:! ·ie, 'r<'lae •ou , and in many plae<'S Lignit< T >J'liary, iJJelining from paeh side of ~t c·pntml axi · at va ri o u ~:~ an<rl('s. lt iH fron1 llt 'S<' rnounlnins Lhat lht• llllllt rous bmn·II<'S of' tlH• Plalt h<tv! tiiPir SO li IT s, 'XL1•nding a cliKian · • of 11 •arly 400 miiPs. li'rom t]ro ohH<'I'Vations wlri eh I have rnado in !.hi~; mng<', it se<'nrs lo rno tlr eonelusion is plain, tl1at all the abovo-nanH•d rock , in a IIParly or quito horizontal 1 o ilion, Wl'l'' HO IIH' time during tl1 • Te1·tiary pPriod, ·ontiuu us over thp whoiP an•a occn]l i •d by I h1•nr at th • pr ent lime. 'l'h mo t important outli •r of tlw Ro ky Mountain~;, on thP caHte1·n slope, i thl' Big Horn mnge, whic·h, tho1wh ·omewhat itT<'gular in t ill' ·lu.qw of its tnas:-;, ha~ a g<'IIPral tn•11d twarly uorthwl' I ancl Houth- |
