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Show BURIAL OF THE REMAINS CrrAP. IV. These appearances led, as I was informed, to extensive excavations being undertaken. The foundations of many large buildings anu several streets have thus been exposed to view. The space enclosed within the old walls i an irregular oval, about 1~ mile in length. Many of the stones or bricks used in tl te buildings must have been carried away; lmt the hypocausts, baths, and other underground buildings were found tolerably perfect, Leing filled with stones, broken tiles, rubbish and :qoi1. The old floors of various rooms were covered with rubble. As I was anxious to know how thick the mantle of mould and rubbish was, which had so long concealed these ruins, I applied to Dr. II. Johnson, who had superintended the excavations; and he, with the greatest kindness, twice visiteu the place to examine it in reference to my questions, and had 1nany trenches dug in four fields which had hitherto been undisturbed. rrhe results of his observations are given in the following Table. He also sent me specimens of the mould, and answered, as far as he could, all my questions. CHAP. IV. OF ANCIEN'l' BUJLDINGS. 22~3 lVh<:ASUHEMENTS BY Dn. II. JorrNsoN oF 'l'Im ·rmc KNESK 01,. 'J'HE VEGETABLE MOULD OVER '!'liE ROMAN lWINS A'l' vVROXE'rEH. Trenches dug in a field called "Old vVork~. " 'l'hlcknr"l:! ofmould in 1 At a dept1 f' 3r· · h inch(•s • 1 o o me cs undisturbed sand wns . reached .. .. .. .. .. 20 2 At a depth of 33 inches concrete was reached ~ 1 3· " 9 inches concrete was reached 9 Trenches dug in a field calleu '' Shop ''Leasows ;"this is the highest field within the old. walls, and slopes down frOJn a sub-central ( pmnt on all sides at about an angle of 2°. Thickness of mould in inches. 4. Summit of field, trench 45 inches deep .. 4.0 f>. Close to summit of field, trench 3G inches deep ~0 G. . " . ~' trench 28 in ches deep 28 7. Near summit of fi eld, trench 3G inch es deep 2-t 8· . " , trench at one end 3fJ mches deep ; the mould here graduated into the underlying undisturbed sand, and its thickness is somewhat arbitrary. At the other end of the trench, a canscway was aucountered at a depth of ouly 7 in ches, and the mould was here on1y 7 inches Lhicl· 24 9· Tr·e nch close to the last, 28 inches in dep'"t h .. .. 10 10. Lower part of same field, trench 30 i nchcs deep 15 ~~: '' trench 31 i uches deep 17 , , trench 3G inches deep at which depth undi sturbed !';::t.nd was rcachcj 28 |