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Show 1 9 0 2 . ] SPIDERS FROM BORNEO AND SINGAPORE. resemblance is possibly synaposematic. There are, at any rate, some good grounds for supposing that II. misippus (L.) is a Mullerian mimic of Limnas chrysippus (L.). (See Poulton : 11 Mimicry in Butterflies of the Genus llypolimnas," Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 1897, vol. xlvi. p. 242.) Elymnias nigrescens (Butl.) and allied species are in India and elsewhere mimics of Euploeince; no Euplceince serving as models to E. nigrescens occur in Borneo, though the species is common enough. The subfamily Elymniince. is an interesting one, as affording examples of species endowed with a double means of protection against the attacks of their enemies. The majority of the Bornean species are on the upper side good mimics of Euploeine or Pierine models, whilst on the under side they are mottled with grey and brown, so that when at rest they are indistinguishable from their surroundings. Elymnias lais (Or.) occurred on Mt. Penrissen, and I had ample opportunities of observing something of its habits. The male is black above with green streaks, a common type of coloration amongst the Danaince (e. g., Raclena vulgaris (Butl.), Caduga larissa (Feld.), Parantica eryx (Fab.), &c., &c.), whilst the under side is mottled. The female is a mimic of Trepsichrois mulciber (Or.) 5 , but I have never seen this sex alive. The green-and-black Danaines Caduga larissa (Feld.) and Parantica croivleyi (Jenner Weir) were abundant on Mt. Penrissen, so much so, indeed, that after two days' collecting they were left in peace. Their flight was leisurely and flaunting, so that they were always readily distinguishable. Their mimic, the Elymnias, flew more rapidly, but even then attracted one's attention as being remarkably similar to its models. By the time one had realized the true nature of the insect, it had flown past and a critical moment was gone. If the butterfly was followed up, it would be seen to settle on some twig or stalk with the wings closed, but on coining up to close quarters one might search for it in vain; any sudden movement would cause it to dart away, displaying once again its Danaine coloration, to some other resting-place, and so the hunt would be continued ad nauseam. Elymnias godferyi (Dist.) mimics Delias aglaia (Linn.), and has on the under side some appropriate yellow and red markings, which are, however, somewhat obscured by mottlings of brown. We have here, in fact, a species which is beginning to discard a uniform mottled under side in favour of brighter mimetic coloration, such as is seen in some species from New Guinea and the neighbouring islands, which mimic very closely on both surfaces of the wings Euploeine and Pierine butterflies, and have discarded entirely a protective coloration. Elymnias aroa, sp. n., is described in Appendix I. to this paper : only two specimens were captured. It is a fairly good mimic of Tronga crameri (Lucas), which occurred with it. The common day-flying moths the Agaristid Scrobigera hes-perioides (Wlk.) and the Chalcosid Eterusia ohliquiaria (Wlk.) are |